European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.22, z. 1 (2024)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttps://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/10350

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Total resection of foramen magnum meningioma via a far-lateral approach – a case report
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Szymoniuk, Michał; Sakw, Leon; Domagalski, Łukasz; Gałązka, Jakub Krzysztof; Hoffman, Zofia; Dryla, Aleksandra; Czyżewski, Wojciech; Szczepanek, Dariusz; Torres, Kamil; Rola, Radosław
Introduction and aim. The foramen magnum is a rare location of meningioma development, accounting for 1.8 to 3.2% of all reported tumors of this type. Microsurgical resection, representing a gold standard in foramen magnum meningioma treat ment, may result in various neurological deficits or incomplete resection due to challenging anatomical conditions. Currently, even surgical resections of foramen magnum meningioma conducted by experienced neurosurgeons are burdened by a relatively high complication rate of 17.2% Description of the case. We report the case of a 25-year-old male who presented increasing headaches and decreasing activity for 5 months. In his medical history, the patient had been diagnosed with cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder, and suffered partial seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed anterolateral foramen magnum meningioma. The tumor was resected via a far-lateral approach. After the surgery, the patient maintained a preoperative neurological state without additional neurological deficits. The post-operative magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated complete tumor removal. Histopatholog ical examination revealed transitional meningioma (WHO grade I). Conclusion. Our case demonstrates that the far-lateral approach can be efficient for the resection of anterolateral foramen magnum meningioma. In such cases, Simpson grade 1 can be achieved without complications, providing immediate relief of symptoms and minimizing the risk of recurrence.
Water-related diseases following flooding in South Asian countries – a healthcare crisis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Ahmed, Syed Hassan; Shaikh, Taha Gul; Waseem, Summaiyya; Zahid, Maha; Mohamed Ahmed, Khabab Abbasher Hussien; Ullah, Irfan; Hasibuzzaman, Md Al
Introduction and aim. Industrialization and elevated greenhouse gas emissions pose significant threats to the environment, raising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and leading to climate change. Climate change may impact human health either directly via increasing extreme weather frequency and altering disease patterns or indirectly via social institutions and disrupted global supply chain resulting in consequences like undernutrition Material and methods. This review conducted a comprehensive literature search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library, from inception to September 2022, using relevant keywords. Analysis of the literature. Massive flooding in South Asia is leading to a surge in water-related diseases. Cholera outbreaks have occurred in countries like Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh following floods, and waterborne diseases like typhoid, rota virus, hepatitis A, and leptospirosis are prevalent in flood-affected regions. Additionally, Cryptosporidium, Campylobacter, Shigella, and Polio outbreaks are reported. Water-scarce diseases, including scabies, impetigo, and cellulitis, are also on the rise in flood-affected areas. Water-based diseases, such as dracunculiasis, schistosomiasis, and Leishmaniasis, pose significant risks. Vector-borne diseases, including malaria, dengue, and Leishmaniasis, are becoming more prevalent due to flooded areas providing breeding grounds for disease vectors like mosquitoes and sandflies. These diseases are now more common in flood-af fected regions, affecting millions of people. Conclusion. Urgent measures are needed, including early warning systems, resilient infrastructure, drainage maintenance, and stricter land-use regulations, to reduce the impact of these natural disasters. International cooperation and immediate action at national and global levels are essential to mitigate the health crises caused by flooding and other natural disasters.
Prolonged screen-time as the cause of ocular disorders: what can we do with the problem? – a review
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Dyrek, Martyna; Sikorska, Ewa; Partyka, Aleksandra; Sikorski, Piotr; Dusza, Edyta; Kopacz, Dorota
Introduction and aim. Recently, an increased use of video display terminals has been observed in workplace environments, as a result of the evolution of communication technologies and new information-sharing strategies. It has led to an increased prevalence of computer-related ocular disorders, such as computer vision syndrome, dry eye disease, refractive errors and con vergence insufficiency. In this review we describe problems associated with these disorders and propose preventive methods. Material and methods. With the use of specific keywords, the databases of the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant original papers. Analysis of the literature. The listed disorders might have similar symptoms, such as eye burning, itching, blurred vision, and tearing, and their severity correlates with the time of exposure to video display units. However, there are preventive measures, which can help in decreasing the negative effects of computers on our vision, such as adequate viewing distance, proper work space lighting, eyeglasses with anti-glare coating, taking 5-minutes breaks after every 30 minutes, or following the 20-20-20 rule. Conclusion. Prolonged usage of the video display terminals is connected to many ocular disorders, and in today’s world, it is very important to remember actions that can be undertaken to minimize the risk.
PET and SPECT imaging as a solid guide to detect and discriminate atypical phenotypes of neurodegenerative disorders
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Ruffini, Livia; Zilioli, Alessandro; Cervati, Veronica; Lauretan, Fulvio; Misirocchi, Francesco; Maggio, Marcello; Migliari, Silvia; Graziani, Tiziano; Cidda, Carla; Baldari, Giorgio; Spallazzi, Marco; Scarlattei, Maura
Introduction and aim. Atypical or mixed presentations of neurodegenerative disorders may postpone or confound the final diagnosis. Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radioligands provide target-specific information and may anticipate the diagnosis by “in vivo” detection of the neuro pathological substrate, as Aβ deposition, nigrostriatal dopaminergic depletion or tau inclusions. This concise review will dis cuss the potential of PET and SPECT imaging as a solid guide to better characterize atypical phenotypes of neurodegeneration in the clinical routine, with the potential to drive personalized interventions, improve cohort uniformity for clinical trials, and serve as biomarkers for targeted molecular therapies. Material and methods. Literature search was performed focusing on the role of PET and SPECT imaging in assessing atypical phenotypes of neurodegeneration, using the electronic source of database PubMed/MEDLINE and the web-based search engines Google, Google Scholar. Analysis of the literature. New disease-modifying drugs may increase their effect with early initiation, which is especially im portant in working persons and younger subjects presenting atypical symptoms. In older individuals, the coexistence of neu rodegeneration, age-related changes, cerebrovascular lesions, or depression makes challenging a definitive diagnosis. Quantitative tools able to measure tracer distribution increase the accuracy of molecular neuroimaging creating topographic maps that compare subject’s data with healthy controls databases. Conclusion. Atypical phenotypes may be associated with quantitative key-pattern allowing a more precise and early diagnosis of the neurodegenerative disorder. Finally, quantitative assessment of the pathological substrates allows us to track the disease process and measure treatment response.
The benefits and limitations of using blue-blocking filters – a review of results of clinical trials
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Partyka, Aleksandra; Dyrek, Martyna; Sikorski, Piotr; Sikorska, Ewa
Introduction and aim. Blue light is part of the natural light spectrum and plays a role in regulating the circadian rhythm. However, with the increasing use of electronic devices and energy-efficient lighting emitting high levels of artificial blue light, concerns are raised regarding its potential effect on human health. Blue-blocking filters have been developed and are adver tised as a solution to be used in spectacles or intraocular lenses. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the use of blue-blocking filters based on the results of clinical trials. Material and methods. This review included relevant original papers reporting on clinical trial results from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases using specified keywords. Analysis of the literature. Trials conducted with patients reveal mixed results, with some showing no significant changes in vision and reading abilities, while others indicating potential limitations such as reduced contrast vision. However, blue-blocking filters have demonstrated potential benefits in improving sleep quality and mood, particularly in patients with sleep disturbances or psychiatric disorders. The efficacy of blue-blocking filters in mitigating symptoms of digital eye strain remains inconclusive. Conclusion. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the benefits and limitations associated with the use of blue-blocking filters, highlighting the need for further investigation in certain areas.
Comparison of algorithms for detection of active inflammatory lesions in sacroiliitis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Gawłowski, Igor; Ożga, Joanna; Raczko, Agata
Introduction and aim. Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used in the medicine, particularly in radiological diagnosis of diseases such as an axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). The aim of this study is to compare the available algorithms designed to detect active sacroiliitis in patients with axSpA. Material and methods. Four algorithms, two semi-automated and two full-automated for the assessment of bone marrow ede ma (BME) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sacroiliac joints (SIJs) were included in the study. They were described and compared in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and correlation of BME detection findings between AI and experts. Analysis of the literature. Among all automated algorithms, the one created by Bressem et al. had the highest number of ex aminations analyzed in the study, involving 593 MRIs of SIJs. The sensitivity and specificity, as well as the correlation between the AI’s detection of BME versus manual, were not calculated for each algorithm. Rzecki’s algorithm had the greatest sensitivity and specificity for BME detection reaching 0.95 and 0.96, respectively. In addition, its Speraman’s coefficient of correlation be tween manual and automated measurements was 0.866. Conclusion. Each of described algorithms is certainly useful in assessing BME in the MRI examinations of SIJs.
Consensus Committee of experts on Kawasaki Disease and Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics – the expert consensuses on intravenous immunoglobulin, aspirin, and glucocorticoid
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Ren, Shuying; Deng, Fangming; Du, Zhongdong; Yang, Xiaodong; Xie, Lijian; Wang, Hong; Jiao, Fuyong
Introduction and aim. Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis with unknown etiology, usually occurring in chil dren under 5 years old. This article will summarize the three consensuses formulated in China about KD. Material and methods. English databases for consensus search include UpToDate, BMJ Clinical Evidence, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Joanna Briggs Institute Library, Cochrane Library, and PubMed, etc.; Chinese databases in clude China Biomedical Literature Service, China Knowledge Network, Wanfang database, etc. All literature searches ended on February 28, 2022. Analysis of the literature. KD is a common acquired heart disease in children and can lead to severe complications such as coronary injury. However, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) combined with oral aspirin (Asp) is currently recognized as the most effective treatment in KD acute stage and the first-line treatment to prevent cardiovascular complications. Glucocorticoid (GC) is mainly used for KD patients with a high risk of coronary artery aneurysm (CAA), no immunoglobulin response, and confirmed CAA. There are already consensus guidelines on diagnosing and treat ing KD in different countries. This article summarizes the relevant expert consensus on aspirin, glucocorticoids and IVIG for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in China. Conclusion. Still, there are inconsistent opinions in the literature on the mechanism, optimal timing, and dosage of medication for KD.
Therapeutic advantages of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in patients with schizophrenia – a systematic review
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Vityala, Srilaxmi; Kanteti, Krishna Priya; Vityala, Yethindra; Tagaev, Tugolbai; Damineni, Ujwala
Introduction and aim. In patients with schizophrenia, omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) treatment was found to ameliorate the cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory problems caused by antipsychotic medication and even reduce the need for medication by 20%. In this study, we evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation in patients with schizophrenia. Material and methods. The PRISMA guidelines were followed in conducting this systematic review. The Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched electronically. The first search yielded 50 papers in total. Subse quently, 43 publications that did not meet our eligibility requirements were removed, and seven articles were selected. Analysis of the literature. The analysis showed that n-3 PUFA supplementation and the placebo group both decreased their psychotic (PANSS and GAF scales) and Calgary Depression Scale symptomatology and boosted their functional ability (GAF) when used as an adjuvant to antipsychotic medication. When administered as a monotherapy with a metabolic antioxidant, n-3 PUFA supplementation proved beneficial for treating schizophrenia. In patients with schizophrenia, n-3 PUFAs have thera peutic benefits as adjuvant treatments to medications, although not for different variables or patient groups. Conclusion. In many studies, patients with chronic schizophrenia who received n-3 PUFA supplementation showed no improvement in their clinical condition.
Paroxysmal non-epileptic events vs epilepsy – what we know and where we are in medicine?
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Syzdoł, Bartłomiej; Ziółkiewicz, Aleksandra; Sielwanowska, Wiktoria; Żybowska, Monika; Wilczek, Natalia; Szukała,Klaudia; Chrościńska-Krawczyk, Magdalena
Introduction and aim. Paroxysmal non-epileptic events (PNEEs) are neurological conditions that include behavioral changes or disturbances of consciousness. The aim of the article is to compare individual paroxysmal non-epileptic events disorders, to indicate differences in their clinical picture and to discuss their differential diagnosis. Material and methods. A review of the most common non-epileptic paroxysmal events is presented based on the available literature of PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2023. Analysis of the literature. Depending on the age of the child, the nature and type of seizures are variable. Unfortunately, epilepsy is currently overdiagnosed, which results in the inclusion of antiepileptic drugs without the need to use them. This may be related to the immaturity of the central nervous system, malfunctioning of other organs or have a psychogenic background. In most cases, they do not require pharmacological treatment. Conclusion. Paroxysmal non-epileptic events, due to the diverse and uncharacteristic clinical picture, pose a major diagnostic challenge. Because of the current overdiagnosis of epilepsy they should always bear in mind differential diagnosis. This is important because of the differences in the treatment of these disorders.
Antibacterial, DNA photocleavage and molecular docking studies of newly prepared Schiff-based macrocyclic complexes
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Mishra, Purti; Sethi, Pooja; Ramasamy, Selva Kumar; Saini, Adesh K.; Tuli, Hardeep Singh; Mittal, Divya; Trehan, Aarti
Introduction and aim. At present, several microbial diseases are prominent and of concern worldwide. The intent of this study was to examine the antibacterial potential of newly synthesized tetradentate macrocyclic complexes against different bacte rial strains. The macrocyclic scaffold has gained attention as a biologically active class of supramolecular chemistry due to its unique properties and ability to target various microorganisms. Thus, the goal of the present study was to develop a series of biologically active transition metal-based macrocycles. Material and methods. All macrocyclic compounds were synthesized by a template method and validated by molar conductiv ity, elemental studies, and spectral and magnetic studies. Antibacterial activities of all metal complexes were evaluated against Escherichia coli (MTCC 739) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 731) bacterial strains by taking ampicillin as a standard reference drug. DNA photocleavage potential was explored using agarose gel electrophoresis. Results. Results revealed the formation of novel macrocyclic complexes via tetra nitrogen bond trapping of metals. Copper complexes have strong potential against S. aureus bacteria as copper and nickel both show good DNA photocleavage potential. Conclusion. The findings endorse the biomedical relevance of these macrocyclic scaffolds, suggesting avenues for further exploration in targeted drug delivery and potential clinical applications. The proposed octahedral geometry for the complexes enhances our understanding of their structural aspects. This research contributes substantively to the field, laying the foundation for future investigations in advanced antimicrobial design and application.
Caring and therapeutic services – a patient’s opinion on experience and satisfaction with night nursing care
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Fąfara, Anna; Krakowiak-Burdzy, Anna
Introduction and aim. Night nursing care ensures well-being, peace, and security allowing a patient to enter into the deep sleep phase. This study aims to analyze the relationship between an assessment of caring and therapeutic services and the opinion of in-patients on their experience and satisfaction with night nursing care. Material and methods. A questionnaire developed by the authors and the Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scale were used in this study. This study was conducted in the eastern region of Poland in the Podkarpackie province. The study included 585 patients. Results. Tasks analyzed resulting from care and therapeutic functions, in the patient’s opinion, had a significant impact on the overall assessment of nursing care. Meeting the expectations regarding night rest (experience of nursing care) and satisfaction showed the strongest correlation. Tasks resulting from therapeutic functions showed an average correlation with the exception of planned medical care. Conclusion. The level of implemented health services by nurses at night significantly influences the overall assessment of the quality management system in health care.
The influence of therapeutic education on diabetes-related distress and therapeutic adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes in Tetouan, Morocco
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Belhaj, Hajar; Barouaca, Hassan; Oudghiri, Dia Eddine; Abderrahmane, Lamiri; Mostakim, Mohammed; Timihiri, Abderrahim; Ahyayauch, Hasna; Younes, Saoud
Introduction and aim. Diabetes-related distress is a prevalent issue that affects many patients, leading to challenges in ad hering to treatment plans and lifestyle modifications. By implementing therapeutic education programs, healthcare providers seek to enhance patients’ understanding of their condition, coping mechanisms, and treatment adherence. This study aims to explore the impact of therapeutic education on diabetes-related distress and therapeutic adherence among individuals diag nosed with type 2 diabetes. Material and methods. This quasi-experimental study involved 40 patients with type 2 diabetes receiving therapeutic educa tion during 6 Months from March 24 to September 30, 2022. Diabetes-related distress and adherence were assessed before and after the intervention using the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Results. Wilcoxon signed rank tests revealed statistically significant improvements for all measures after the intervention. Patients showed improved DDS-17 scores (p<0.001) across all dimensions, and lower HbA1c levels (p<0.001). Pre- and post-inter vention mean difference across all measures show that the greatest improvements were seen in emotional distress (1.37) and treatment-related distress (1.2). Conclusion. Therapeutic education had a positive impact on therapeutic adherence and diabetes-related distress. It should be an integral part of type 2 diabetes care protocols in Morocco.
Patterns and characteristics of traumatic dental injuries in children – a retrospective study in a dental hospital in Kolkata, India
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Goswami, Suchetana
Introduction and aim. Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in children can have aesthetic, functional, and psychological conse quences. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and patterns of TDIs in a hospital-based population. Material and methods. Patient records from the Department of pediatric and Preventive Dentistry in a dental college and hospital in Kolkata, India, were reviewed. A total of 381 patients, aged 1 to 12 years, who presented one or more traumatized an terior teeth between September 2018 and August 2022, were included. Data on age, sex, mechanism of injury, type of trauma, dentition type, and number of affected teeth were collected. The World Health Organization classification system was used to classify the type of dental trauma. Results. Among the study population, there were 235 males (61.7%) and 146 females (38.3%), with a mean age of 7.67±3.87 years. Falls were the most common cause of trauma (52.2%). The maxillary central incisors were the most frequently affected teeth in both primary and permanent dentitions. Conclusion. Falls were the most common cause of trauma and the maxillary central incisors were the most commonly affected teeth in children.
Stigma and its relationship with life satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Turen, Sevda; Yurtsever, Melike
Introduction and aim. This study aims to determine the level of stigma in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate its relationship with their life satisfaction. Material and methods. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in a single tertiary care center. Two hundred and ten patients ≥18 years old diagnosed with T2DM were included in this study. The relationship between the “Type 2 diabetes stigma assessment scale” and the “Satisfaction with life scale” was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results. The average age of the participants was 54.85±15.81 years. The majority of patients reported adherence to diabetes treatment and having comorbidities. Stigma levels were higher in patients ≤65 years, those with less than a high school educa tion, and those receiving insulin or oral anti-diabetic treatment, but lower with a T2DM diagnosis duration of ≤ 5 years (p<0.05). Life satisfaction was influenced by age, education status, economic status, adherence to treatment, dietary compliance, and the presence of comorbidities. A moderately negative relationship between stigma level and life satisfaction was identified. Conclusion. The study’s results indicate that an increase in stigma level is associated with a decrease in life satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Assessment of hepatorenal biochemical indices in male Sprague Dawley rats preceding concurrent oral administration of Ghana alcoholic bitters and natural cocoa powder
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024) Maalman, Raymond Saa-Eru; Bimpong, Samuel; Abaidoo, Chrissie Stansie; Cuba, Magalys Lopez; Kumi, Michael Barima; Sarkodie, Francis Kofi
Introduction and aim. There has been a surge in the consumption of Ghanaian alcoholic bitters. Ghanaian alcoholic bitters are formulated from a maceration of not less than three plant parts making the organic composition very complex. There appear to be no studies on the effect of Ghanaian alcoholic bitters on the hepatorenal biochemistry indices. The study aimed to assess the effects of alcoholic bitters and cocoa powder on the liver and kidney serum biochemistry. Material and methods. Twenty-four healthy male Sprague Dawley rats, age 11–12 weeks, weighing 150–250 g were used. The rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6). At the end of the experimentation, a blood sample was taken by cardiac puncture and centrifuged to obtain the serum for biochemical assays and analysis. Results. The liver enzymes showed no significant difference between the treatment and control groups. There were higher mean values for total bilirubin and direct bilirubin for alcoholic bitters and natural cocoa powder groups respectively than the control group and the co-administration of alcoholic bitters and natural cocoa powder group. Conclusion. The study concludes that alcoholic bitters consumption might cause injury to the liver and kidney resulting in anomaly of the hepatorenal indices from rat blood serum biochemistry.
The content of lactoferrin and interleukin-8 in breast milk of patients with lactational mastitis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Demianchuk, Nataliia; Akimova, Viorika; Soyka, Larysa; Shchurko, Mariia; Lapovets, Lyubov; Lutsiv, Nataliia; Tkachuk, Serhii; Buchko, Olha; Zubchenko, Svitlana; Hayduchok, Ihor
Introduction and aim. Information concerning lactoferrin and interleukin-8 (IL-8) local levels in breast milk are not numerous and requires further research. The aim of this study was to determine the content of lactoferrin and interleukin-8 in the breast milk of patients with lactational mastitis, and to identify new potential markers for assessing the activity of the inflammatory process in the mammary gland. Material and methods. This study analyzed the breast milk of 30 women with lactostasis (group I), 37 women with lactational mastitis (group II) and 30 healthy lactating women (age 26±5 years old). The milk content of lactoferrin and interleukin-8 (IL-8) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. The average value of lactoferrin in breast milk of healthy women was 4.78±0.47 mg/mL, exceeding levels in group I 1.8 times (p<0.05). The level of lactoferrin in group II exceeds the control values 3.1 times (p<0.05). The content of IL-8 in breast milk of women in group I was 7.3 times higher than the control (3.63±0.12 pg/mL, p<0.05). In lactational mastitis, the concentration of IL-8 in breast milk exceeded the group I 13.9 times (p<0.05) and was 1.9 times higher than group I (p<0.05). Conclusion. The analysis has revealed an increase of lactoferrin and IL-8 in breast milk of the test groups, which indicates the activation of non-specific protection.
Hemodialysis dose and long-term COVID-19 outcomes – a retrospective cohort study
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Stepanova, Natalia; Rysyev, Andriy; Snisar, Lyudmyla
Introduction and aim. Long-term outcomes of COVID-19 pose a global challenge, particularly impacting individuals with un derlying health conditions, including those who have undergone hemodialysis (HD). The study aimed to investigate the rela tionship between preexisting dialysis dose, measured by single pool Kt/V (spKt/V), and long-term outcomes of COVID-19 in patients undergoing HD. Material and methods. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters following COVID-19 recovery, and long-term out comes, including the presence of COVID-19 sequelae, hospitalization, and all-cause mortality during a year after COVID-19 were retrospectively analyzed. Results. Out of the 195 patients included, there were 108 males (55.4%) and 87 females (44.6%), with a median age of 56 (44-63) years and a dialysis duration of 49 (31.3–85.2) months. Patients with spKt/V<1.4 had a significantly increased risk of long-term COVID-19 sequelae (HR 9.1, 95% CI: 3.4; 24.6), hospitalization (HR 7.6, 95% CI: 3.9; 14.6), and all-cause mortality (HR 8.5, 95% CI: 2.9; 25.8) within one year after COVID-19 recovery compared with those with spKt/V≥1.4. spKt/V cutoff point of ≤1.3 emerged as a significant risk factor for one-year hospitalization and mortality within our cohort. Conclusion. Suboptimal dialysis dose, as indicated by spKt/V < 1.4, is associated with adverse long-term COVID-19 outcomes in patients undergoing HD. Optimizing dialysis adequacy may mitigate these risks. Further research is needed to validate these f indings and explore interventions to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Unveiling challenges in cadaveric dissection for medical education – a study of student perspectives
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) K., Sudha; James, Jerin; Natarajan, Pratheepa Sivasankari; Subramanian, Sundara Pandian
Introduction and aim. Cadaveric dissection is the mainstay of learning anatomy by medical students. Even though newer teaching learning methodologies have been implemented to facilitate learning anatomy, cadaveric dissection remains the most preferred method by students. The objective of this study was to analyze the student perspective of different aspects of learning anatomy with their positive and negative experiences and to get a better understanding of their opinions and their experience. Material and methods. In this cross-sectional study, a pretested and validated questionnaire was used to collect information from the students after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Informed consent was obtained from every student prior to their participation in the study. Results. Three hundred seventy-seven students took part in this study and the response rate obtained was 63.5%. The majority of the students stated that cadaveric dissection has helped them in learning basic anatomy and had deepened their under standing of complexity of human body and has helped in better performance in clinical applications. The smell of formalde hyde and eye irritation was cited as the major reasons for finding dissection sessions challenging. Most of the students agreed that counselling before dissection sessions will help to alleviate the emotional reactions to cadavers. Conclusion. The students unanimously agreed that cadaveric dissection sessions are the best way to learn basic anatomy com plemented with newer teaching tools like prosection and computer-based approaches. However, the problems encountered by the students like smell and irritation of formaldehyde need to be addressed with usage of alternative techniques.
Identification of Brucella melitensis from camel’s blood by vitek2 and real time polymerase chain reaction
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Manivannan, Kavitha; Ramasamy, Malathi; Sundaresan, Uma; Moustafa, Samar M.; Sherloumay; Mariyam, Safna
Introduction and aim. Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease. Experimental clinical and laboratory diagnosis is still facing problems in identifying the organism. The present study will diagnose a Brucella infection in camel blood in Qatar using serological assays. Isolation and identification were performed on a camel blood sample. Brucella in bacterial isolates was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as a gold standard test. Material and methods. A total of 220 samples, 200 random serum samples, and 20 EDTA blood samples were selected among the above-mentioned random samples, and 20 serum samples from camel handlers were collected from Al Shahaniya prov ince, Qatar. The Rose Bengal test (RBT), buffered antigen plate agglutination test (BAPAT), and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for the monoclonal antibody in serum samples were performed using commercially available kits. For the molecular detection of Brucella, conventional PCR and real-time PCR (GPS kit) were used for the genus-specific insertion sequence IS711. Brucella melitensis (MICROBOSS Hightech GmbH kit) was used to identify subspecies. Results. The results identified by vitek2 compact (30%) showed B. melitensis in 6 samples out of 20 isolates. Both conventional (66.67%) and RT-PCR (83.33%) analyses supported this, demonstrating the presence of Brucella. These tests also showed that Brucella species were present in Rose Bengal 182/200 (91%), BAPAT 182/200 (91%), and cELISA (90%) 180/200 in camel serum. Conclusion. To conclude, the prevalence of brucellosis in dromedary camels is higher in this region, and as a matter of urgency, measures should be taken to control the disease.
Surgical management of upper cervical esophagus stricture caused by ingestion of corrosive substances – a single-center experience
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-03) Mishra, Haris Chandra; Mohapatra, Jyotiranjan; Dash, Sashibhusan; Dash, Sanghamitra
Introduction and aim. Corrosive strictures of the upper cervical esophagus and hypopharynx are hard to treat in the operating room because there is a high chance of aspiration during swallowing after a high-up or proximal esophageal anastomosis. In this cases, we aimed to evaluate the role of intraoperative dilatation of the proximal hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal stumps during surgery. Material and methods. Patients who underwent surgery and had upper cervical esophageal and hypopharyngeal strictures from corrosive substance ingestion were included. Results. Out of total 27 patients, 10 had a cricopharyngeal or proximal cervical esophageal stricture with a long segment tho racic esophageal stricture that was treated with intra-operative dilatation (IOD) of the proximal hypopharyngeal stump. IOD was done in two cases with Hegar’s dilator and in three cases with wire-guided Savary Gillard dilators. In 74% (20/27) of the cases, the colon was frequently used as an esophageal substitute, while the stomach was only used in 10 cases. On follow-up, none of them developed repeated aspirations or required a tracheotomy. Conclusion. IOD of the proximal hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal stumps during surgery for corrosive upper cervi cal esophageal or cricopharyngeal strictures helps to save the proximal stump and avoid frequent hospital stays and multiple surgeries.

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