Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego

Witamy w Repozytorium UR: cyfrowym archiwum dorobku naukowego i dydaktycznego Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego.

Serwis zapewnia otwarty dostęp do materiałów naukowych i akademickich. Proces archiwizacji publikacji jest realizowany samodzielnie przez pracowników i doktorantów UR.

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Najnowsze publikacje

  • Miniatura
    Item type: Pozycja ,
    Molecular detection of isoniazid and rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from southwest of Iran
    (Rzeszów University Press, 2026-06) Ahmad Khosravi, Nazanin; Khosravi, Azar Dokht; Sirous, Mehrandokht; Hashemzadeh, Mohammad; Amiri, Homayoun; Salmanzadeh, Shokrollah; Alavi, Seyed Mohammad; Deilami, Zohreh; Mohsenpoor, Maryam; Movahedi, Meisam
    Introduction and aim. The study of molecular mechanisms of resistance to first-line antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis is of great importance. Investigating these mechanisms provides valuable information to treatment policy makers. Therefore, this study aimed to identify mutations associated with resistance to rifampin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) among drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates from a TB reference center in southwest Iran. Material and methods. In this cross-sectional study (September 2014-February 2018), a total of 772 MTB isolates were confirmed by culture on Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium and standard biochemical tests. Drug susceptibility testing of RIF and INH was determined by the proportion method on LJ medium. Mutations conferring resistance to INH and RIF were determined by polymerase chain reaction analysis and sequencing. Results. In this study, 772 (22.68%) MTB strains were isolated from 3,404 TB-suspected patients, of whom 26.6% were women and 73.8% male. Of the 772 clinical strains, 8 (1.03%) were MDR (resistant to INH and RIF), 15 (1.94%) were resistant to RIF and 4 (0.5%) were resistant to INH. Of the 12 identified isolates identified (including both 4 isolates resistant to INH and 8 isolates resistant to MDR), 2 (16.6%) had a mutation at codon 315 of katG, 1 (8.33%) had a mutation at (-15) of inhA, and 9 (75%) did not show a detectable mutation. Regarding rifampin, the frequency of mutations in the rpoB gene was the following: codons 531 (n=7, 30.4%), 533 (n=5, 21.7%), 526 (n = 2, 8.69%) and 511 (n=1, 4.3%). Furthermore, no mutations were detected in 8 (34.7%) isolates. Conclusion. The most prevalent mutation in INH resistant isolates was at codon 315 of katG. In RIF-resiatant isolates, the most prevalent mutation was at codon 531 of the rpoB gene. In a considerable number of isolates, no mutations in katG, inhA, and rpoB were found compared with deposited sequences available from NCBI GenBank.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Pozycja ,
    Longitudinal hormonal dynamics during minipuberty and exploratory associations with vitamin D status in healthy term male infants
    (Rzeszów University Press, 2026-06) Muthuchandrasekar, Vijaya Vinotha; Chinnasami, Balaji; Z., Aseema Fathima; Sundar, Subash; Hussain, Aamina; Murugesan, Aravind
    Introduction and aim. Minipuberty, the transient postnatal reactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, is a critical window for male reproductive maturation. The study prospectively characterized hormonal dynamics during minipuberty and explored associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and gonadal hormones, adrenal corticosterone, and genital growth parameters. Material and methods. Sixty healthy term male babies were enrolled; 52 completed follow-up. Testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), corticosterone, and 25(OH)D were measured on day 3 and at 3 months by LC-MS/MS and chemiluminescence immunoassay. Penile length and testicular volume were recorded at both visits. Results. Testosterone increased from 47.18 to 142.62 ng/dL, LH from 1.31 to 2.46 mIU/mL, and FSH from 1.22 to 2.10 mIU/L (all p<0.001), while corticosterone decreased from 211.19 to 86.25 ng/dL (p<0.001). Several nominal associations were observed before multiple comparison correction; however, after Bonferroni correction, only the inverse association between 25(OH)D and corticosterone at 3 months (r=−0.576, p<0.001) remained statistically significant. All other associations should be considered exploratory. Conclusion. Only the inverse association between vitamin D and corticosterone remained statistically significant after correction, while other associations were exploratory and require confirmation in larger studies.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Pozycja ,
    Serum ATP1A1 and epinephrine as potential biomarkers for essential hypertension ‒ a case-control study
    (Rzeszów University Press, 2026-06) Mohammad, Abbas Abd Alhussen; Hassan, Abdul Samad Uleiwi
    Introduction and aim. Essential hypertension is a leading cause of global morbidity driven by complex genetic and physiological interactions. The roles of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump, sympathetic nervous system, and electrolyte balance are critical, yet their simultaneous interaction remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the serum levels of Na+/K+-ATPase alpha-1 subunit (ATP1A1), epinephrine, and key electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium) in hypertensive patients, providing a novel multi-marker approach to evaluate their potential as diagnostic biomarkers. Material and methods. We enrolled 80 hypertensive patients and 40 normotensive controls in this cross-sectional study. Serum ATP1A1 and epinephrine levels were measured by ELISA, and electrolytes were analyzed using an ion-selective electrode analyzer. Results. Hypertensive patients exhibited significantly higher serum levels of ATP1A1 (430±190 vs. 161±71.16 ng/L), epinephrine (339±188 vs. 116.5±38.6 ng/L), sodium, chloride, and calcium, with significantly lower potassium (all p<0.001 ROC analysis demonstrated a promising discriminatory ability for ATP1A1 (AUC=0.92) and epinephrine (AUC=0.94). Multiple regression analysis identified ATP1A1, epinephrine, and chloride levels as significant independent predictors of systolic blood pressure. Conclusion. Patients with essential hypertension display a distinct biochemical signature of elevated serum ATP1A1 and epinephrine levels coupled with significant electrolyte disturbances. These preliminary findings suggest potential value as biomarkers for essential hypertension, although extensive validation in larger, independent cohorts is required before clinical application can be considered.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Pozycja ,
    Clinical profile and predictors of mortality in upper gastrointestinal bleeding presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary care center ‒ a prospective observational study
    (Rzeszów University Press, 2026-06) Jafri, Asif Dabeer; Verma, Alka; Sanjeev, Om Prakash; Singh, Ratender Kumar; Kumar, Anup; Goel, Amit
    Introduction and aim. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common and potentially life-threatening emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Prospective emergency department (ED)-based data from India on factors associated with in-hospital mortality remain limited, and comparative evidence between bleeding-specific scores such as the Glasgow-Blatchford Score (GBS) and triage systems like the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) is scarce. This study aimed to describe the clinical profile of patients presenting with UGIB and to evaluate predictors of in-hospital mortality, with a focus on comparing the prognostic performance of GBS and ESI. Material and methods. This single-center prospective observational cohort study was conducted in the ED of a tertiary care center in North India from January 2024 to January 2025. Adult patients with clinically suspected or endoscopically confirmed UGIB were enrolled. Clinical, laboratory, and management data were recorded using a standardized form. GBS and ESI were assigned at presentation by trained clinicians prior to outcome assessment. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Predictive performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results. Eighty-three patients with UGIB were included; 55.4% had a GBS >2. Patients with higher GBS demonstrated greater physiological derangement, increased transfusion requirements, higher incidence of shock, and significantly higher mortality (39.1% vs. 0%, p<0.001). All non-survivors were triaged as high acuity by ESI and had qSOFA ≥2 at presentation. GBS showed good discriminative ability for predicting mortality (AUROC=0.785), outperforming ESI (AUROC=0.723). Conclusion. GBS showed good performance in predicting in-hospital mortality and may aid early ED risk stratification. However, findings should be interpreted cautiously given the single-center design and small sample size.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Pozycja ,
    Analysis of the effects of a continuous magnetic field on the heart and diaphragm of elderly Wistar rats
    (Rzeszów University Press, 2026-06) Canan Kiekiss, Gabriella; Grymuza de Souza, Vanessa; Lewandoski, Lizie Tanani; Miranda Torrejais, Marcia; Chasko Ribeiro, Lucinéia de Fátima; Bertolini, Gladson Ricardo Flor
    Introduction and aim. The aim was to investigate the histomorphometric effects of applying a static magnetic field (MF) of different intensities to the diaphragm muscle and heart of aging rats. Material and methods. Continuous MF of three different intensities were applied for five consecutive days (10 hours in total). Morphological and histological variables in the diaphragm and heart were assessed, including capillary density, cardiomyocyte diameters, histopathological index, and the presence of regenerative changes. Results. In the diaphragm, there was a significant reduction in the number of capillaries in the treated groups (p<0.05), with no changes in the other morphological variables (p>0.05). In the heart, there were no differences in cardiac mass or in the heart weight/body weight ratio (p>0.05), indicating no macroscopic hypertrophy. However, the intensity of 2500 G led to an increase in the area of the cardiomyocytes and their nuclei (p<0.05), suggesting an adaptive response to the overload. There were no significant changes in the histopathological index or in muscle degeneration characteristics (p>0.05). Conclusion. Exposure to MF influenced the microcirculation of the diaphragm and promoted cellular changes in the heart, especially at higher intensities, without causing apparent damage to the tissue.