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Epigenetic Phenomenology of Entirety: General Comments and Observations on Epigenetic Information, in: Challenging Integralism, Aristotelian Entelecheia, Hyle and Morphe (Form), and Contemporary Concepts of Information, Touching upon the Aetiological Issues of Carcinogenesis (with Reflecting Feedbacks of Josef Bremer, Konstantin Khroutski, Rudolf Klimek, Ryszard Tadeusiewicz, Paul Beaulieu, Ana Bazac, Anna Makolkin, Leonardo Chiatti, Milan Tasić and Dariusz Szkutnik)
(Biocosmological Association, 2017) Szkutnik, Dariusz Adam
The given paper reflects and unites the Integralist (originally independent) scholarly endeavors and results of the four authors, that were initially realized through the decades of preceding intensive scientific pursuits. In general, this collective work is devoted to a dedicated reader who strives to develop Integralist (systemic, holistic) research, and, chiefly – is interested in studying the methodological bases of such (Integralist) scientific activity. Another essential point is that our sought-for scholar recognizes (explicitly, or implicitly) – together with the indispensible significance of modern “scientific method” (that is based on the Dualist mathematical physicalism) – the Aristotelian teleological physics (archetype of Entelechial Hylemorphist naturalism), as the essential constituent of present-day Integralist research and development (in its contemporary forms, primarily including current theories of Information). In fact, up to now – in our time of urgent challenges, firstly aiming to approach the scholarly breakthroughs that would ensure progress in addressing the multiple and interrelated crises and challenges the world faced (including the acute problem of cancer diseases) – we all, still, entirely base our efforts (rigorously believing in) the methodological (cosmological – comprehensive, in general) principles of research that were established yet in the XVII-th century. Francis Bacon (1561–1626), who fiercely fought (and eventually won) against the Aristotelian naturalism (based on Entelechism and Hylemorphism) – in the name of triumph of Dualist idealism (mathematics) and physicalism (empiricism and reductionism), and their experimental (i.e. artificial) application – Bacon himself taught (in the 1620, in his famous “Novum Organum”) that “truth is rightly called the daughter of time and not of authority”; and concluded that scientific gentlemen (of his time) were under “the spell of antiquity, of authors and of consent”, which had “so shackled men’s courage that (as if bewitched) they have been unable to get close to things themselves.” In very deed, we have the same situation (but, four centuries later – already with quite an opposite meaning); and science certainly is not a religion (wherein, man pursues One the same religion and speaks exclusively the same language – of the given fundamental invariable “religious” doctrine), but, quite the contrary – the institute of science (as the essential constituent of culture) naturally undergoes the dynamic cycles of development and transformation; and, for this, in our XXI-st century – the time is ripe. The contents of the present article are given below.
Metodologiczne sedno mechanizmu życia. Recenzja książki Andrzeja Gecowa pt. „Szkic dedukcyjnej teorii życia”, Ankrom AMF Wydawnictwo, Warszawa 2024, s. 469
(Wydawnictwo Akademii Zamojskiej, 2024) Szkutnik, Dariusz A.
The review presents Andrzej Gecow’s book as an original and ambitious attempt to formulate a general theory of life using a deductive methodology modelled on the development of theories in physics. The author integrates insights from biology, information theory, chaos theory, computer simulations, and philosophy, seeking to explain the mechanisms underlying the organisation and evolution of living systems. Particular emphasis is placed on the concepts of semi-chaos and purposeful information, which are proposed as the foundations of a novel framework for understanding the processes of life.
Selected issues of teleological and holistic perspective of morphogenetic and behavioral phenomena of living beings
(Biocosmological Association, 2014) Szkutnik, Dariusz A.; Kupczak, Rafał
Wholeness of vital processes in both, internal and external dimension is manifested, according to Aristotle’s terminology, by a substantial living form and is a condition of a purposeful behavior. Authors claim that, empirical data concerning animals tool use, and data concerning regulating processes, inside every living organism, cognitively force us to place them within teleological-holistic conceptual frames. According to the authors, teleology requires a renewed revision and specific defining. Although, from one hand, some researchers think that it is an adequate tool used to describe biological purposeful processes, from the other hand it has often been weeded out and replaced by physical concept of function. Biological functionality intuitively links with the concept of wholeness and purposefulness. It should be emphasized, however, that not always simply physical concept of function may coincide with the concept of function in a biological sense, in spite of the fact that some relations observed within a living organism might by expressed thanks to a physical concept alone.
In search of the specific parameter of life - general methodological comments
(Biocosmological Association, 2016) Szkutnik, Dariusz A.
Even in Ancient Times, Aristotle, basing the empirical facts, sought the basis to find the explanation for phenomena and regulatory processes ocurring in living organisms. The key concept in explaining in biophilospohy of Stagirite was the concept of the soul (ψυχή), which was to integrate the developmental processes and explain the specific dynamics of the various living beings. The original ideas and timeless questions of Aristotle became the groundwork on the basis of which the contemporary researchers developed their theories in the overall development of living organisms. German embryologist and philosopher Hans Driesch (1867-1941) took scientific attempt to consolidate and explain a factor responsible for development that is described by me as the parameter of nature. That specific parameter was responsible for entirety of regulating processes in live forms, especially for the totiopotential processes during embryogenesis and regeneration. Despite an attempt of consolidating the mentioned parameter had failed, nevertheless Driesch formed relevant question relating to a way of eventual explanation of specific relationships and mutual interactions of particular structures and integral parts of process in progress of the entire development. Driesch’s method of scientific research brought him eventually to areas of metaphysical explanations which in consequences are not situated in frameworks of strictly scientific explanations, whereby his category of entelecheia remains just as an empty verbal expression requiring new content and fresh methodological solutions. Methodological way of research in range of complementary of scientific explanations related to development of organism should lead to final resolution of the overall course of organic processes by analyzing different research methods. Pyotr Kuzmich Anokhin (1898-1974) was extraordinarily thinking researcher who presented certain scientific alternative in the range of explaining complex regulating processes based on functional systems and their mutual dynamic relationships to reach overall organismal results. Not only his specific statement can be the way of translating morphological regeneration but also it can be scientific method in translation of different complex regulatory processes across each live structure. Perspective of Anokhin proves that methodology of scientific researches may be led on field of pure science without digressions in range of metaphysics often referring to pluralistic method in assigning specific value explaining outer factors to perform a function of being the initiator and regulator in live forms. Author considers a relevance of mentioned problem hence, this short summary is just indication of research scope that requires further solutions and scientific amendments as well as profound philosophical generalization.
Wybrane aspekty informacyjnego rozwoju dynamiki wszechświata. Masa, informacja i energia
(Wydawnictwo Akademii Zamojskiej, 2023) Rudolf, Klimek; Szkutnik, Dariusz A.
Currently, the category of information is one of key issues, encompassing both biological and physical processes. In this context, various aspects of information in relation to matter and energy are explored. The article attempts to specify a comprehensive model regarding the steering role of information in the development of the universe. In this introductory approach, information has been equated to the quantum equivalence of matter and energy, expressed through the equation E ⇌i mc2. This approach provides a methodological foundation for understanding the meaning and role of information as a causal factor that encompasses both the static and dynamic development of the universe, as well as the unity of physical and biological phenomena as an informational whole.
Social services in local social policy
(Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, 2026-03-06) Szluz, Beata
The article illustrates local planning for the deinstitutionalization of social services for the elderly, using the example of a municipality that was one of the first in Poland to adopt such a plan. Research confirms that the planning and implementation of services impacts residents’ quality of life. The aim of the analysis was to identify the resources and needs of the municipality’s residents (e.g. the elderly) and to develop a strategy for the deinstitutionalization of social services. The findings demonstrate that diagnostic studies conducted in the municipality revealed specific needs among the elderly and individuals with disabilities, as well as families with children, including children with disabilities. Social services dedicated to people with mental disorders and those experiencing homelessness were also designed, although to a lesser extent due to lower demand. The local plan for the deinstitutionalization of social services is considered pioneering at the national level.
Social services for individuals with dementia and their family carers as perceived by students and social workers
(Instytut Pracy i Spraw Socjalnych, 2025-09-30) Szluz, Beata
The family’s potential to provide care is diminishing due to the ongoing processes of modernisation and nuclearisation of the family, as well as population migration. The diminishing role of horizontal ties and the verticalisation of the family network are becoming aspects influencing the increase in the number of people requiring care, while the number of potential carers is decreasing. The decline in the family»s caring potential will intensify the demand for social services, fostered primarily within the home, on account of the growing process of deinstitutionalisation. This paper presents the results of a survey conducted in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship in 2025 among social workers and full-time first- and second-cycle social work students. Individual in-depth interviews (IDI) were used during the research . The purpose of the study was to provide answers to questions about the implementation of social services aimed at individuals with dementia as well as family carers. The research aimed to address questions regarding the preparation of social work students and social workers for working with individuals with dementia and their family carers as well as the implemented and expected social services that have been implemented, along with the factors facilitating or hindering their delivery.
Pozycja prawna Szefa Kancelarii Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
(Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, 2019) Szluz, Anna
The article presents the legal position of the Chief of the Chancellery of the President of Poland. The President has an influence on shaping the closest surroundings (selection of the Chief is the sovereign decision of the President). The Chief manages the work of the Presidential Chancellery, represents it and stands at its head. The strong position of the Chief should be emphasized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the legal position of Chief as defined by the Constitution and the Statute of the Presidential Chancellery.
Przestrzeń prawna dla działań innowacyjnych na rzecz osób starszych
(Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie, 2024) Szluz, Krzysztof; Szluz, Anna
The subject of the analysis is an attempt to find legal space for selected innovative activities for the benefit of the elderly. In addition to generally applicable legal regulations, attention was drawn to the fact that government programs are being introduced that bring interesting solutions for the elderly. The disadvantage of them, however, is that not all elderly people can use them. The article presents the ideas of social service centers, as well as selected social services: respite care, neighborhood services, personal assistance and telecare, which creates a chance for a safer and higher quality of life for the elderly. The purpose of the article is a legal analysis regarding activities for the elderly in the field of, among others, social services. The subject of the study is to find an answer to the question whether the current legal space is sufficient to implement innovative tasks or not. Legal changes regarding the evolution of the social assistance structure result in the availability of social services for clients. The emergence of new statutory solutions is exceptionally relevant and responds to the needs of an aging society. The answer to legal needs is the amendment to the Act of 12 March 2004 on social assistance. It remains to be seen whether it is sufficient.
Intergenerational Transmission of Values and Attitudes as Perceived by Students in Western Ukraine and Eastern Poland
(UKSW, Warszawa, 2024-09-30) Szluz, Beata; Myshchyshyn, Iryna
The empirical base of the article is the result of surveys conducted among students in the years 2018-2010. The purpose of the analysis is to learn the opinions of students in the cities of Lviv and Rzeszów with respect to the intergenerational transmission of values and attitudes. The formulation of the research problem: how do students in Eastern Poland and Western Ukraine perceive intergenerational transmission of values and attitudes? While conducting the research, both survey method and survey technique were used. Purposive sampling was determined by the following criteria: nationality, age, gender, and field of study. The foremost value which students internalised, and passed on to them by their mothers, is love. Assisting others and caring for loved ones were also apparent. The mothers of Polish students shaped the respondents’ attitudes regarding respect for others, while Ukrainian students internalised the following values passed on to them by their mothers: justice, patriotism, and freedom; in contrast to Polish students, for whom these values and attitudes appeared to be the least important. The fathers of the students shaped: industriousness and a prosperous life. The context of carrying out economic functions was lauded. According to Polish students, fathers passing on values such as respect for others, love, and honesty were also important; similar to what Lviv students thought were important. Ukrainian respondents emphasised that their fathers had shaped their broad intellectual horizons. For these students honesty and justice were equally important. Students who had been educated in Lviv reported religiosity as the least important. This was most often instilled by their mothers (somewhat more often Ukrainian) rather than by their fathers (somewhat more often Polish). The results demonstrated differences in the assessment of the transmission of values and attitudes of Ukrainian and Polish mothers and fathers.
KAPITAŁ RODZICIELSKI W OCENIE MŁODZIEŻY STUDIUJĄCEJ W UKRAINIE, LITWIE I POLSCE
(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2024) Kwak, Anna; Bieńko, Mariola; Szluz, Beata
The aim of the article is to analyze the transmission of parental capital in the family in the area of competences, attitudes, preferences, values and behaviors. The empirical basis of the article is material collected in quantitative research conducted in 2018-2019 in Kharkov, Lviv, Vilnius, Rzeszów and Warsaw among students aged 20-23. The research was aimed at understanding the image of the family home and assessing the elements of parental capital transferred by mothers and fathers from the point of view of Ukrainian, Lithuanian and Polish students. The obtained results show the difference in the assessment of capital on the mother’s and father’s side. Due to the nationality of the respondents, Ukrainian and Polish students present a similar picture of the analyzed phenomena.
„Niecodzienna codzienność”. Świat społeczny osób z chorobą Parkinsona
(Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie, 2024) Szluz, Beata; Jamrógiewicz, Beata
Choroba Parkinsona jest jedną z najczęstszych chorób neurozwyrodnieniowych. Podstawowymi objawami choroby Parkinsona są bradykinezja, drżenie i sztywność plastyczna. Społeczne badania naukowe nad doświadczaniem chorób przewlekłych koncentrują się bezpośrednio na kluczowych graczach w służbie zdrowia – ludziach chorych. Badacze zdrowia, praktycy i decydenci mogą twierdzić, że reprezentują obawy pacjentów, rzadko jednak uwypuklają opinie na temat doświadczenia pacjentów w zakresie opieki zdrowotnej, a tym bardziej w odniesieniu do tego, co oznacza życie z chorobą przewlekłą. Celem badań było rozpoznanie i przedstawienie ich społecznego świata na podstawie narracji będącej subiektywną rekonstrukcją ich historii życia. Do badań wykorzystano autobiograficzny wywiad narracyjny zaproponowany przez Schützego, który opracował metodę jako spójną koncepcję badań biograficznych. Zebrany materiał empiryczny (44 wywiady) został poddany analizie, co umożliwiło udzielenie odpowiedzi na postawione pytania i sformułowanie wniosków, to zaś pozwoliło na wzbogacenie posiadanej wiedzy o jakościowy aspekt analizy. Badania nad chorobą przewlekłą ukazują, jak ludzie postrzegają siebie jako osoby przewlekle chore i jak choroba wpływa na ich życie.
Pomoc społeczna i praca socjalna w Ukrainie – historia i współczesność
(Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej w Warszawie, 2023) Myshchyshyn, Iryna; Szluz, Beata
Celem badaczek jest zobrazowanie historii i współczesnych wyzwań w polu pomocy społecznej i pracy socjalnej w Ukrainie. Pierwsza część artykułu uka zuje rys historyczny i rozwój systemu pomocy społecznej oraz pracy socjalnej w tym państwie. Druga część, oparta na analizie dostępnych dokumentów koncepcyjnych i strategicznych, ma na celu przedstawienie polityki państwa w zakresie rozwijania systemu pomocy społecznej oraz pracy socjalnej, ze zwróceniem uwagi na intensyfikację w zakresie usług społecznych.
Nieoczekiwana zmiana miejsc... Opieka nad osobą z chorobą neurodegeneracyjną w biografiach opiekunów rodzinnych osób z chorobą Alzheimera
(Uniwersytet Łódzki, 2022) Szluz, Beata
Opieka nad osobą z chorobą Alzheimera jest nie tylko wyczerpująca fizycznie i emocjonalnie, ale może też wiązać się z wysokimi kosztami finansowymi. Problem ten nabiera szczególnego znaczenia w obliczu procesu starzenia się jednostki i społeczeństwa oraz rosnącej liczby osób z chorobą Alzheimera. Opieka nad osobą z alzheimerem naraża opiekunów na wysokie ryzyko obniżenia jakości życia, szczególnie dotyczy to opiekunów rodzinnych, którzy są emocjonalnie związani z pacjentem. Celem było rozpoznanie i przedstawienie ich społecznego świata na podstawie narracji będącej subiektywną rekonstrukcją ich historii życia. Do badań wykorzystano autobiograficzny wywiad narracyjny, zaproponowany przez F. Schütza, który opracował metodę jako spójną koncepcję badań biograficznych. Zebrany materiał empiryczny (50 wywiadów) został poddany analizie, umożliwiając udzielenie odpowiedzi na postawione pytania i sformułowanie wniosków, co pozwoliło na wzbogacenie posiadanej wiedzy o jakościowy aspekt analizy.
Wolontariusz- streetworker wobec problemów osób bezdomnych
(Prešovská univerzita, Prešov, 2011) Szluz, Beata
Bezdomność jest jednym z trudniejszych do zbadania i rozwiązania problemów społecznych. Wspomniana trudność wynika z jednej strony z kosztowności badań, wiąże się z niebezpieczeństwem, na które naraża się badacz. Z drugiej strony kumulowanie się różnych przyczyn, złożoność sytuacji osoby bezdomnej powoduje, że nie zawsze korzysta ona z pomocy instytucji. W zasadzie ciągle część osób przebywa poza miejscami, tzw. mieszkalnymi. Działalność pomocowa wobec tych osób wymaga podejmowania długotrwałych, wieloaspektowych oddziaływań. W odniesieniu do osób wzbraniających się przed przebywaniem w placówce jest ona szczególnie skomplikowana. Okazuje się, że bardzo dobrym rozwiązaniem jest, stosunkowo mało jeszcze rozpowszechniona w Polsce, praca streetworkerów (pracowników etatowych, bądź wolontariuszy). W związku z powyższym niniejszy artykuł poświęcono zagadnieniu streetworkingu, który jest stosowany m.in. w pracy socjalnej z osobami bezdomnymi.
Prawa dziecka niepełnosprawnego intelektualnie w domach pomocy społecznej
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2006) Szluz, Beata
Niepełnosprawność jest jednym z ważniejszych problemów współczesności. Znaczenie tego problemu wynika z rozmiarów i rozpowszechnienia zjawiska oraz konsekwencji, jakie wywołuje w sensie indywidualnym i społecznym. Rozmiar występowania stawia przed społecznością obowiązek inicjowania działań zapobiegających jego powstawaniu, które muszą być podejmowane przez rządy, instytucje i społeczności lokalne. Jawi się również przed społeczeństwem wymiar konsekwencji. Nie ograniczają się one do samych osób niepełnosprawnych i ich rodzin, lecz powodują konieczność tworzenia instytucji oraz realizowania wielu działań na rzecz tej grupy osób. Instytucjami, które z racji określonych ustawowo celów mają organizować opiekę i wsparcie oraz czuwać nad realizacją podstawowych praw i potrzeb człowieka niepełnosprawnego, są między innymi domy pomocy społecznej. Są to placówki całodobowej opieki stacjonarnej. Warto zauważyć, że dla osób niepełnosprawnych dostępne są również formy pomocy półstacjonarnej, do których możemy zaliczyć na przykład środowiskowe domy samopomocy. Prezentowana refleksja skoncentrowana została na placówce stacjonarnej, ze względu na specyficzne problemy, jakie pobyt w takim miejscu stwarza. Rozważaniami objęto jedną z sześciu grup osób, dla których organizowane są domy pomocy społecznej . Artykuł ten należy uznać jako próbę odpowiedzi na rodzące się pytanie o prawa dziecka niepełnosprawnego intelektualnie w domach pomocy społecznej.
Bezdomne kobiety w opinii bezdomnych kobiet
(TNFS, 2011) Szluz, Beata
This article was written based on a larger, their own studies that were conducted in 2009 among the 52 homeless women in podkarpackie voivodship. People were matched in terms of age, place of residence during the research and occasional or permanent residence in the hostel. Using autobiographical narrative interview, which is a particular form of free or deep interview. The text attempts to show the opinion of homeless women on their own. It shows the reasons for homelessness women in their opinions and their own characteristics.
Financial Risk and its Consequences as Inherent Element of Public-Private Partnership Projects
(Filodiritto Editore, 2020-07-10) Żegleń, Patrycja; Barwińska-Małajowicz, Anna; Ślusarczyk, Bogusław
The chapter concerns agreements implemented on a PPP basis and risks connected with this kind of projects. The most significant risks are as follows: the delay in construction works, the increase in construction costs, cyclicality of demand and changes in legal regulations. According to the respondents, it is the private sector which should assume full risk of the above-mentioned types, except for changes in legal regulations, the risk for which should be assumed by the public entities enacting such laws. The respondents would like to have foreign partners and companies from proper sectors as partners in the implementation of PPP projects, while cooperation with developers and social organizations was met with scepticism. Mutual trust (still missing) and the reputation of a potential investor were seen as factors which influence the development of cooperation between sectors.
Nowe instytucje w postępowaniu przed sądami polubownymi w aspekcie ich użyteczności dla przedsiębiorców
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2006) Olszewski, Jan
Miłosierdzie gminy miejskiej? Samorządowe subsydia dla krakowskich instytucji żydowskich w latach autonomii galicyjskiej, 1866–1914
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Kozińska-Witt, Hanna
Autorka omawia akty prawne będące podstawą konfesyjnego rozdziału dobroczynności w Galicji. Wymienia instytucje żydowskie, które otrzymywały miejskie subwencje. Przedstawia proces przyznawania przez samorząd subwencji dla instytucji żydowskich, jego formalne uwarunkowania oraz chronologię. W kilku wypadkach porównuje praktykę w tym względzie z przepisami obowiązującymi we Lwowie.

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