Tematy i Konteksty 6(11) 2016
URI dla tej Kolekcjihttp://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/1842
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Pozycja Strony tytułowe(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016)Pozycja Spis treści(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016)Pozycja Contents(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016)Pozycja Swojskość i uniwersalizm – z wybranych zagadnień staropolskiego i oświeceniowego piśmiennictwa religijnego(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Trościński, GrzegorzOld Polish and Enlightenment religious literature is a fascinating area of research in past culture. It is still too early to claim comprehensive knowledge of it even though systematic work has been in progress for decades. The present issue of “Tematy i Konteksty” is the second collection of papers focused upon this current in old Polish literature. This issue is devoted to the relations of familiarity and universalism in Old Polish and Enlightenment religious literature. The main emphasis in the papers has been placed upon the Brest Bible and biblical inspirations, homiletics and occasional literature, religious drama, religious confession, mysticism, meditation, religious prints and manuscripts.Pozycja O Biblii brzeskiej – bloczek rocznicowy drugi(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Walecki, WacławThe introduction presents the next stage in the research on the Brest Bible. It is the result of the conference organized in Brest in 2015, which was a continuation of a symposium that was also held in Brest to commemorate the 450th anniversary of the Radziwiłł Bible. The author presented main avenues of research on the Brest treasure and surveyed the themes of papers delivered by the participants. Their articles are included in the present volume of “Tematy i Konteksty”.Pozycja Biblia brzeska a Europa z perspektywy Mikołaja Radziwiłła „Czarnego” działań o charakterze public relations(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Walecki, WacławThe article presents the current state of research and outlines plans for further studies on one of the most important translations of the Holy Scriptures into Polish, the so-called Brest Bible, or the Radziwiłł Bible (1563). In the second part, on the basis of Latin sources, the paper analyses the promotion of this edition conducted in Europe by Mikołaj “the Black” Radziwiłł, the initiator of the publication.Pozycja Warianty typograficzne Biblii brzeskiej(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Siess-Krzyszkowski, StanisławThe issue that is the main focus of this paper has not been of great interest to bibliology scholars. Even though one version of the Brest Bible, marked as B, was described quite thoroughly by Feliks Bentkowski already two hundred years ago, catalogue descriptions have until today been based upon the scheme formulated by Karol Estreicher Sr. He identified three versions of the Brest Bible, which differ only in the title page. The fact is, there are only two versions A and B in existence, which differ in the first quire (*) or (very rarely) in the first two quires (*, **). The quires of version B were established to have been printed in the 1580s or 1590s in Jan Karcan’s press in Vilnius. Apparently, a certain number of the Old Testament quires A–Y were typeset and printed in Brest in 1563. There is only one extant complete copy of it with the newly printed quires, whereas in the remaining dozen or so copies that have survived it is only one, or rarely, two quires, and sometimes only single sheets. The search for the Bible versions also made it possible to compile a list of 135 copies of the Brest Bible stored today in public, monastic and church collections in Europe and North America.Pozycja Brzeskie potomstwo Biblii Radziwiłłowskiej. Sprawy i słowa Jezusa Krystusa oraz Wtore księgi Łukasza świętego Tomasza Falconiusa(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Siwiec, JustynaThe aim of the article is to present and analyze two sixteenth-century, nontrinitarian publications ("The Matters and Words of Jesus Christ" and "The Second Book of St Luke" by Thomas Falconius) which were created in close connection with the Brest Bible in 1566. The first part contains general information about the physical attributes of the works, showing typographical associations with the Brest Bible. Then, I present the work’s editorial layout and binding, regarding them as a valuable source of knowledge about Brest as a publishing centre in the sixteenth century. The final part contains an analysis of the most important doctrinal (nontrinitarian) theses posed by Thomas Falconius.Pozycja Prolegomena do badań nad Katechizmem brzeskim w świetle początków brzeskiej drukarni(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Kucharska, Aleksandra; Sarzyńska, Sylwia; Zuziak, SzymonThe authors of the article attempt to present current research into the "Brest Catechism", the sixteenth-century text reprinted in 1908 and edited by Franciszek Pułaski as part of the Collectanea Series by the Krasiński Estate Library. It was prefaced by Pułaski, and reviewed by Aleksander Woyde and Aleksander Brückner. The article presents background to the publication of the Catechism, i.e. the activity of Mikołaj “the Black” Radziwiłł, specifically setting up the printing house in Brest in 1553 and engaging Bernard Wojewódka in it. The authors also attempt to establish the reasons for the Catechism’s dual composition.Pozycja Postać Atanazego Brzeskiego w świetle jego Diariusza. Próba interpretacji(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Gołębiowski, MichałThe short study is devoted to the person of Athanasius of Brest, one of the most prominent Orthodox priests and religious activists of the 17th century, seen in the light of his only work, "Diary" ("Дыярыуш", 1646). The paper attempts to analyse Athanasius’ dis-uniate mission as a consequence of his own prophetic creation, belief in supernatural visions and radical passion for the Orthodox traditionalism, described in his book. It appears that the key place in the work of Athanasius is occupied by the Icon of Virgin Mary of Kupiatycze, the sacred image regarded by the monk not only as a source of grace for his Apostolic ministry, but also as a sign of the real identity of the Orthodox Church. Athanasius’ social activity turns out to be important for understanding the controversies surrounding the Union of Brest.Pozycja Męczeństwo siedmiu braci machabejskich i ich matki wobec chrześcijańskiej tradycji hagiograficznej(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Rusnak, RadosławThe article focuses upon the description of the massacre of seven Maccabean brothers and their mother, from the seventh chapter of the Second Book of the Maccabees, as one of the most important representational patterns for the chronologically later Christian hagiographic literature, and also outlines theological foundations, developed by the Fathers of the Church, for the inclusion of the heroes of the Jewish uprising from the second century B.C. in the category of martyrdom characteristic of Christianity. In the part devoted to the Old Polish reception of this theme, special attention is devoted to a separate literary rendition of the story, which is the only one of its kind, in "A Pathetic Story of one Mother" by Samuel Dowgird of Pogowie. A detailed analysis focuses on both placing this adaptation within the entire translation work of the Lithuanian author and the idea of its interpretation. The paper is complemented by a critical edition of Dowgird’s work.Pozycja Między „świętą prawdą” a herezją – Biblia w Wywodzie jedynowłasnego państwa świata Wojciecha Dembołęckiego(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Czarczyński, PiotrThis article attempts to explain the role of the Holy Bible in the book by Wojciech Dembołęcki entitled "Wywód jedynowłasnego państwa świata". The author does not deny that theories presented in his work were formulated with the help of the Holy Bible. The article answers the following questions: Which fragments of the Holy Bible were cited on the pages of "Wywód"? To what extent is Dembołęcki faithful to the original when he recalls themes from the Old and New Testaments? How does the Holy Bible help Father Wojciech to prove that Polish has been spoken since the time of Adam and Eve, that the Polish people are the oldest nation and only they have the right to rule the whole world which was given to them by God, and also that all kings will soon respect their authority? We also try to assess Dembołęcki’s attitude: whether he should be considered a heretic or a defender of holy truth.Pozycja „Tyś kształt człeka nad insze stworzenia ozdobił”. Dobro stworzenia i zło grzechu w pieśniach psalmicznych Niepróżnującego próżnowania Wespazjana Kochowskiego(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Gołębiowski, MichałThe study is devoted to the issues of eulogy of the world and contempt of the temporal and sinful condition of man based on “psalmic cantos” in "Niepróżnujące próżnowanie" ["Not Idling Idleness"] by Wespazjan Kochowski. As I try to prove, the religious attitude of the Sarmatian poet indicates continuity of patristic tradition, especially the so-called “golden era” of the Fathers of the Church (turn of the fourth and fifth centuries). Kochowski’s theological vision contained in the song "Everything from Heaven" and in the poetic series "To the Penitent" is based on the dichotomy between the original perfection of creation and the need for God’s healing grace.Pozycja Jan Sobieski jako czytelnik Biblii w świetle Listów do Marysieńki(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Pawłowski, RafałTo date, studies of Jan Sobieski’s letters have meticulously been setting aside biblical reminiscences, which occur over the entire set of his enormous epistles to his wife. Not entirely seriously, we can say that the fame of military perfection and literary excellence overshadow subtle and occasional references to the Bible. Biblical references uncover for the reader an image of a humble man subordinated to God’s will, who wants to atone for his sins and transgressions in his lifetime. In the power of God he was also looking for relief and answers when his conjugal life was not doing best. Sobieski was also deeply convinced of the immutability of God’s judgments which were always faultless (providentialism).Pozycja Koncept w kazaniu okolicznościowym Pszczółka w bursztynie Franciszka Sitańskiego(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Kaczor-Scheitler, KatarzynaThe article presents the conceit in the Polish baroque sermon "Pszczółka w bursztynie" ["A Bee in Amber"] of a Bernardine Franciszek Sitański. In the sermon the author presents the figure of St. Dorothy; he also draws attention to the virtues of Dorota Kątska, who was the abbess of St. Norbert’s Order in Zwierzyniec (near Cracow) in the 17th century, and most of all he praises the monastic way of life. Biblical and hagiographic arguments, a source of inspiration for the author as an effective means of persuasion, appeal to the imagination of the audience. Metaphors, analogies and comparisons in the sermon prove that "Pszczółka w bursztynie" is based upon the conceit. By using the arguments Sitański was trying not only to move the recipients, but mainly to persuade them to cultivate virtues presented by Christian heroines.Pozycja Przed Bożym Sądem… Prawo z śmiercią, aniołami i niebem, abo Kazanie o Wniebowzięciu Panny Naświętszej Samuela Brzeżewskiego(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Dybek, DariuszSamuel Brzeżewski is a forgotten Polish Baroque preacher. There are three extant sermons by him (published 1640–1645) and a biography of the blessed Michał Giedroyc edited by him. Although the sermons are not popular, they are interesting as they represent the so-called Conceptismo of Polish homiletics. One of the sermons is dedicated to a late nobleman, J. Pucniewski, who is compared to an olive tree. The other two sermons relate to the Blessed Virgin. "Zaciąg…" deals with the search for the best court for Virgin Mary, which consists of sinners and the suffering. The third one, "Prawo z śmiercią, aniołami i niebem…" ["The trial with death, angels and Heaven, or the sermon of the Assumption of the Virgin"] was written in commemoration of the Assumption of the Virgin. It describes the trial between the people and Heaven. The preacher is the prosecutor, the faithful are the witnesses, and God is the ultimate judge. Referring to the Bible, the Antiquity and writers of early Christianity, Brzeżewski created an absorbing, though not flawless, sermon using an unusual concept.Pozycja Wymiar quasi-religijny polskich gazet ulotnych o batalii chocimskiej z 1621 r. i kilka przyczynków (przegląd wybranych zagadnień)(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Sztyber, RadosławThis article is an attempt to present the content of a few short brochures related to religious or rather quasi-religious elements which support the main messages of the leaflets. The range of the studied texts was defined in accordance with the notes made in Bibliography (Bibliografia) by Konrad Zawadzki who classified only four prints as early newspapers published in 1621 (in the national language). All of them in various ways concern the war between the Commowealth and the Ottoman Empire. In all of them their authors (mostly anonymous ones, excluding Marcin Paszkowski with his "Sauromatian Flag" ["Chorągiew sauromatcka"]) created an image of warfare waged within an imaginary field of combat – religion, therefore a reader does not only find here the struggling soldiers and knights but the followers of Catholic and Islamic faiths as well. And of course, each detail of these enunciations – in terms of religion – pointed out the winner: Poles for their fidelity to the Church. Such a conviction was apparently proved with a few peculiar foresights; e.g. differences between Christian and Muslim calendars – A.D. 1621 it was almost precisely a thousand years after the Muslim method of time reckoning began, which obviously should have meant the end of Turkish power, doomed then to a final collapse. There were more similar argumentations based on omens extracted from Christian tradition that have been confronted with Islam beliefs and they might have been showing – tendentiously – the real victors: Poles again. However only the facts (confirmed by the evidence from an eyewitness and participant of the battle) appeared the most important although their value was also shown with a Biblical scene – “the glad tidings” seemed to be like a dove returning to Noah’s ark (like Poland “floating” then – alone and without any help) with an obvious sign of the end of deluge… Predictions won for that time (fortunately) but their quality soon became – in the very near future – verified sorely (unfortunately). Other matters (contributions) were discussed, too – i.e. questions of the printing time of "Sauromatian Flag" and its borrowings, a background of an augury concentrating around the Equestrian Statue in the Augustaion in Constantinople and some other various details.Pozycja Tematyka religijna w dramacie jezuickim z połowy XVIII wieku (na przykładzie twórczości Jana Bielskiego)(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Mieszek, MałgorzataThe article focuses upon the religious subject matter of Jesuit dramas from the 18th century, discussed on the example of works of Jan Bielski. Bielski was a representative of the generation of dramatists who initiated transformation of Jesuit theatre. Religious issues were still a predominant feature in Jesuit tragedies from the 18th century. Bielski subordinated them to Jesuits’ new educational trends. The author incorporated religious themes into dramatic conflicts. However, he closely connected religious issues with secular ones. In some tragedies, religious issues were predominant, in others they coexisted with the historical subject matter and completed it significantly. Bielski also used the earlier tradition of a morality play, but he supplemented the scheme with emotions and tenderness. It corresponded to the new classical aesthetics. Religious issues became part of theatre’s moralizing purpose. At the same time, Bielski’s dramas reflected the changes which occurred in Jesuit theatre’s perception of religiousnesses.Pozycja Tragedia Saul Vittorio Alfieriego w adaptacji Wojciecha Bogusławskiego. Rekonesans badawczy(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Purgał, LiwiaThe work of Wojciech Bogusławski, adaptation from the tragedy by Vittorio Alfieri, depicts two characters who present their arguments to each other. King Saul is characterized by cruelty and quite pathological pride, whereas David, his adversary, is noble, valiant and ready to sacrifice himself for the good of his country. The events of the tragedy are modelled after the biblical story of King Saul, who is abandoned by the spirit of God, and David, favoured with the blessing of the Creator, presented in the First Book of Samuel. Yet, the tragedy of Alfieri-Bogusławski is not only a rephrased version of the biblical text because the time of the plot begins when the story in the Bible finishes. The biblical events in the tragedy are shown in flashback. The paper is a research reconnaissance, as it presents fundamental remarks on the interpretation of the tragedy and suggestions for further study, especially concerning the function of the characters’ performance. Further examination is needed of the technique used by Bogusławski in adapting the work of Alfieri, and of the translation. The paper only presents general characteristics of the Polish translator’s decisions. Boguławski himself was aware of the consequences of translating a rhyming piece as prose. He strove to write concisely, to salvage the depth of thought and the expressive power of the original, to preserve most of the language, which would enable accurate communication with the reader, delight of the audiences, compassion for the characters, pity, fear, and thus to recreate high style in order to reproduce the category of grandeur, pathos and heroism. From the analysis of selected aspects of Bogusławski’s literary technique and artistry, it appears that the tragedy is an artistically mature piece and should be subject to further, more detailed study.Pozycja Godzinki o Niepokalanym Poczęciu Najświętszej Maryi Panny. Glosy, hipotezy, interpretacje(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Sulikowski, AndrzejThe article concerns an Old Polish matins to the Holy Mary from the 17th century, which were created as a sung prayer, especially for laics. Its composition is similar to the breviary office of the Catholic Church, whereas the versification is based on prominent poetry examples from the Polish Renaissance (Jan Kochanowski, Mikołaj Sęp Szarzyński et al.). The author states that this form of prayer was attacked or even ridiculed in the times of reformation and counter-reformation by Protestant writers. Thanks to philological analysis of every distich – with consideration of the European background – the author shows intense and direct relations of the text to the Bible in Renaissance translations (priest Jakub Wujek, the Gdańsk Bible) and sometimes also to Marian apocryphic texts. A crucial role is played here by the symbolism of numbers (especially 7, 3, 1) and the semantic differences in many lexemes and language forms of the virtually 16th century Polish, if compared with contemporary Polish. A full concretization of this poetic cycle becomes visible when the text is sung first – hence the musical and prosodic aspects of the Little Office: its melodic line, physiological effects as the deepening and regularity of the breath have been considered. This is the way the prayer influences the human body, it opens and purifies the spiritual space for the influence of God’s grace. The author localized the prayer within the daily cycle of Old Polish and contemporary civilization, he pointed out the radical changes in life habits within the last century and an evolution of folk spirituality. The Little Office also has its place in the weekly cycle whereby every part is assigned to one specific day of the week. During the philological and prosodic analysis potential performers of the Little Office in Old Poland from the circles of peasants and craftsmen were named. The text has been well acquired in the community for twenty generations – the Little Office is often sung from memory exclusively. Because of the sociological changes it pervaded, thanks to the Roman-Catholic liturgy, into the contemporary urban ceremonial.