Tematy i Konteksty 4(9) 2014

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttp://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/1025

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Strony tytułowe
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014)
Spis treści
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014)
Contents
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014)
Dawne piśmiennictwo religijne - inspirujące i nadal odkrywane dziedzictwo
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Trościński, Grzegorz
The present issue of our journal is devoted to Old Polish and Enlightenment religious literature as well as themes and conventions of religious literature. The articles show a rich tradition of such works. The broad scope of topics demonstrates diverse literary research. The articles are devoted to defining such terms as "religious literature" and "religious poet", as well as to translations and biblical inspirations, prayers and meditations, monastic authors and their works, hymnals, sermons and the rhetoric, the matter of faith and reason, and a Sarmatian religion. The present issue of "Tematy i Konteksty" ("Themes and Contexts") also includes the papers devoted to interpretation of 19th century literature, reviews, reports and announcements. The authors of studies are scholars from a range of academic institutions in Poland.
Pius vates
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Borowski, Andrzej
The question we are dealing with in the paper is as follows: to what extent might the notion of “religious literature” be functional if applied both to the early modern literature and to the contemporary literary culture? Does it mean “sacred literature”, simply opposed to the “secular” one, whatever it might mean? The author’s suggestion is to use the notion of “religious literature” more consistently, strictly according to the liturgical functions of the text (e.g. the prayers, hymns or homiletics) while the term “sacred literature” should be used regarding only the so-called “Sacred Books” i.e. the Revelation recognized in a given religious system. The sense of the term “pious literature” or “pious poet” however would be much broader, crossing the limitations of religious functions of the text and reflecting a quasi-prophetic intellectual and moral status of the writer.
Wprowadzenie. Czterysta pięćdziesiąte „urodziny” Biblii Brzeskiej – i co dalej?
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Walecki, Wacław
I participated, together with my doctoral students, in an academic conference held in Brest at the end of May 2013 and dedicated to the publication anniversary of the Brest Bible that was printed in that town. My speech – as befitted the plenary session – was conceived as a general introduction to the conference part focused on the subject matter. I introduced the matter generally, but the selected topics were elaborated upon in detail by the aforementioned group of my younger colleagues. We are pleased to present their papers in the topic-oriented block below. I was also requested by the Organisers to summarise the ”celebration” of the 450th anniversary of its publication and to outline a plan for further studies on the Brest Bible, wherein I emphasized that the studies should be continued not only by the Polish academic community, but, considering the nature of the subject matter, also by contemporary Belarusian, Lithuanian and Ukrainian researchers within the scopes of their respective competences.
List dedykacyjny Mikołaja Radziwiłła jako program ideowy Biblii Brzeskiej. Wokół humanistycznych kontekstów i uwarunkowań studiów biblijnych
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Nastulczyk, Tomasz
This paper deals with the ideological programme of the Brest Bible, expressed in the letter of dedication by Mikołaj Radziwiłł, addressed to the Polish King Sigismund II Augustus. The first part is a short introduction to the problem of biblical humanism of the 16th century. The second and third part deal directly with the letter of dedication. The author focuses on the two ancient rulers mentioned in the letter: Ptolemy II Philadelphus (protector of Septuagint) and the Old Testament Josiah (renewer of the Law). A detailed analysis reveals that the categories of biblical humanism, which shaped the description of both kings, were used to create the parenetic role models, which were to persuade the king to personally take care of the Brest Bible. The last part of the paper points to the problem of gradual confessionalization of biblical humanism. The indirect, allusive introduction of the third royal role model (the Old Testament Manasseh, repenting idolator and destroyer of the Temple idol) suggests that according to the letter of dedication, the final consequence of embracing biblical humanism is to become a devoted supporter of the Reformation.
"Nazacniejsza Pieśń Salomonowa", czyli Pieśń nad pieśniami w przekładzie Biblii Brzeskiej
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Gołębiowski, Michał
“The Noblest Song of Solomon” [“Nazacniejsza Pieśń Salomonowa”], or The Song of Songs [Pieśń nad pieśniami] in the translation of Brest Bible is an attempt to interpret various fragments of the biblical love dialogue with particular focus on the content of margins (comments) written by the editors of the Brest Bible. My analysis leads to the conclusion that for the 16th century Protestant exegetes allegoresis was the dominant method of reading The Song of Songs. Neverthless, in some of their philological intuitions the Brest Bible’s editors surprisingly agree with the findings of the 20th century Biblical Studies, especially in the case of the strictly erotic character of some allusive expressions, or associations with the symbols used in the Pentateuch.
Forma typograficzna Biblii Brzeskiej na tle druków szesnastowiecznych
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Szewczyk, Klaudyna
The following article is a comprehensive analysis of the physical layout of the Brest Bible in comparison with the typographical standard model dominant in the 16th century. The author of the article explores the idea that the new edition of The Bible, initiated by Mikołaj "Czarny" Radziwiłł, was valued during its time not only as a pioneering translation of the Holy Text but also as a labour-intensive editorial project. The article is an overview of the text format and page layout. The author focuses on the visual significance of the book, especially the ornamental materials used to create it. The paper shows how the Brest Bible stands out in comparison with other contemporary Protestant prints. The author focuses on the unusual layout of the chapters, which are both rich and complex in terms of the organization and the commentary, as well as the extensive publishing frame and ornate decor. The typographical model used in the creation of the Brest Bible amazes contemporary scholars with its eternal functionality and reveals the astonishing complexity of the design.
Zbożni rycerze Wacława Potockiego i ich pierwowzory (wybrane przykłady)
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Krawiec-Złotkowska, Krystyna
The article is concerned with "Judyta", "Pojedynek..." and "Enchiridion militis Christiani…" – Potocki’s pieces, and works which inspired the poet to write them. The author focuses on two kinds of fight: spiritual and virtual, and on the characters who engage in the fight. Two kinds of pious knights are distinguished: the allegorical character, created in "Pojedynek…" and "Enchiridion…", based on the Erasmian topos militis Christiani, and the knight of God – disclosed in "Judyta", who has nothing in common with that topos. It is pointed out that anti-Turkish elements occur in "Enchiridion…". There are also analogies between the protagonists in these works and the knight of Christ from Piotr Skarga’s "Żołnierskie nabożeństwo" ["Soldiers' Devotions"]. It is stated that Potocki is Erasmian only to the extent that he refers to Arian ideology, and pious knights show existential dilemmas – especially their care for the country regarding various threats, including the Turks.
Dawne i nowe treści w "Modlitwie za Ojczyznę (według ks. Piotra Skargi)"
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Okoń, Jan
Derived from Skarga and properly tied to his name, "Prayer for the Homeland" is today the most famous prayer text of this genre. It is recited publicly, appears on the radio, and even on the Internet. It has fulfilled a special role on Sunday 29th March 1981, at the height of social tension in Poland, just before the general strike announced by Solidarność. At the command of Cardinal Franciszek Macharski it was recited in all the churches of the Archdiocese of Krakow, and the strike was cancelled. John Paul II knew the Prayer and alluded to it. There is no certainty when the prayer came out and who formulated the text, however. The present article aims to answer these questions. "Kazania sejmowe" (“Sejm Sermons”) as the source of the text is indicated. The structure and message of the prayer are presented. Also, a version from 1936 is referred to and recognized as the earliest one in its present form. Also it is proposed that the initiative for the creation of prayer must have been taken by Archbishop Prince Adam Stefan Sapieha as the shepherd of the Archdiocese. The paper also presents extensively the tradition of prayers for the country in the days of the First Republic.
"Bezoar z łez ludzkich czasu powietrza morowego" Walentego Bartoszewskiego jako przykład "recepty dusznej i cielesnej” na czas zarazy
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Pasek, Monika
The article constitutes an attempt to interpret a little known collection of poems by the Jesuit priest from Vilnius, whose publication was both the reaction to the outbreak of plague in Vilnius between 1629–1632 and the testimony of increased religiousness in the face of the epidemic. The author presents Walenty Bartoszewski and his poetic oeuvre. She briefly describes the social background of those events. Moreover, she characterizes other texts from the 16th –18th centuries that deal with the topic of the epidemic. They include: sermons, secular works, religious songs and prayer works. The core of the article constitutes the interpretation of the collection by Bartoszewski in the context of the most important elements of the volume "Bezoar z łez ludzkich…" [”The Bezoar of Human Tears in the Time of the Plague”], which are as follows: the indication of religiousness at the beginning of the 18th century, the realities of the epidemic in a lyrical work, the vision of God and Christ, protection of the faithful against the bubonic plague, and the intercession of Mother of God.
O religijnym piśmiennictwie "zegarowym” w polskich drukach z XVII i XVIII wieku
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Malińska, Anna
The article is devoted to the Polish religious printed matter from the 17th and 18th centuries (individual works and collections of texts), which shares the “clock” metaphor. The author focuses on Catholic and Arian literature, independent works and short forms, both poetry and prose. The texts analyzed are mostly pieces of advice and warnings helpful in the Christian life, centred around the Passion and funerals. The article presents the content, composition and function of these works, as well as the dual use of the clock theme in them: as an object which awakens and which measures time. The genological aspects of these works are also considered.
Kilka uwag o "Pieśniach nabożnych" Franciszka Karpińskiego – aspekty językowe i kulturowe
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Ożóg, Kazimierz
The paper proves the thesis proposed by literature historians which concerns the linguistic artistry, simplicity and great didacticism of "Pieśni nabożne" [“Pious Songs”], which, though aimed at the lower classes of society, in have been immensely popular for two centuries. It is in them that Karpiński managed to realize the Enlightenment postulates of work on language revival. Some of the songs are treasures of religiousness and Polish culture.
Ludzkie pragnienia, trudy i obawy w oświeceniowych modlitwach poetyckich
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Marcinkowska, Małgorzata
The paper is devoted to poetic prayer songs of the Enlightenment, which contain references to the work and the wider circle of relationships as well as values and feelings of the individual. The considerations are focused on the analysis undertaken by the authors who concentrate on the social changes taking place in the late eighteenth century. The basic research tasks include, among other things, describing the role of poetic prayers in complex human relationships in the context of communication theory as well as genre characteristics. The main aim of the paper is to introduce the meaning and the understanding of prayer as an important part of human life that is placed in the contemporary everyday social rhythm.
Twórczość Jakuba Suszy. Kartka z dziejów literatury unickiej w Rzeczypospolitej XVII wieku
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Pawlak, Wiesław
The article presents the writings of Jakub Susza (c. 1610–1687), the Uniate Bishop of Chełm in 1652–1687. His most important works: the Latin biographies of Josaphat Kuntsevych ("Cursus vitae et certamen martyrii b. Iosaphat Kuncevicii...", Rome 1665) and Meletius Smotrytsky ("Saulus et Paulus Ruthenae Unionis sanguine beati Iosaphat transformatus sive Meletius Smotriscius...", Rome 1666) and a history of the revered icon of Our Lady of Chełm ("Phoenix redivivus albo obraz starożytny chełmski Panny i Matki Przenajświętszej", Zamość 1646, Lvov 1653, Zamość 1694), all represent little known literature written within the Uniate Church. Jakub Susza’s intellectual development, his education in Jesuit colleges in Braniewo, Pułtusk and Olomouc, and the characteristics of his work (consistent use of Polish and Latin as literary languages, the use of western Latin and Polish literary models) contribute to his image as an example of latinization and occidentalization (which then meant polonization) of higher Uniate clergy in the Commonwealth, though as a bishop he took care to preserve the religious identity of the Eastern church.
Jan Alan Bardziński – dominikanin, kaznodzieja, tłumacz. Próba nakreślenia sylwetki twórczej
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Rusnak, Radosław
The article casts light on a poorly known and rarely appreciated figure of a late-Baroque Dominican, keen preacher and devoted translator of both laic and religious texts, Jan Alan Bardziński. The author firmly states that Bardziński’s literary activity remains strongly connected to his multiple duties as a monk as one of the main values he searches for in his readings is a didactic one. Nevertheless he certainly can be defined as a consistent adapter of some renowned ancient works as well, which puts him among other 17th and 18th century followers of the humanistic and classicist traditions and enables us to rank high his erudition and philological preparation. The essay makes a brief survey of his works, describing their content and underlining some important notes given by the translator himself regarding his goals and prorities. Some general observations on the characteristics of his texts are made and the question of integrity or disintegrity of his literary production is highlighted as well.
Rękopiśmienne wierszowane litteraria od średniowiecza do końca XVIII wieku w zbiorach benedyktynek sandomierskich. Część pierwsza: pieśni z kancjonału L 1642
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Trościński, Grzegorz
The object of interest is a description of manuscript L 1642 which belongs to the Diocesan Library in Sandomierz. This manuscript is a Hymnal, which was written in 1721 and it belonged to the Benedictine Sisters in Sandomierz. The material includes medieval European and Polish 16th and 17th century liturgical and paraliturgical songs. The texts in the manuscript are written in Latin and Polish. The Hymnal contains carols, the Advent, Easter and Passion songs among others; there are 77 works in total and only one has no musical notes (its text is written at the end of the manuscript). Most works are known and correspond with the content of other hymnals, e.g. the ones that belonged to the Benedictine Sisters in Staniątki, the Carmelite Sisters in Kraków, and the Clarisse Sisters in Gniezno. There are also some songs in Walenty Bartoszewski’s ("Parthenomelica albo Pienia nabożne o Pannie Najświętszej", 1613) and Stanisław Serafin Jagodyński’s works ("Pieśni katolickie nowo reformowane", 1638). The Hymnal is compiled by Anna Stogniewówna or, according to Magdalena Walter-Mazur, by Zofia Bratysiewiczówna. The manuscript is an interesting source of the known literary and musical culture of the Benedictine Sisters in Sandomierz. It also shows the popularity of these religious works. The Hymnal also contains some unknown versions of songs.
Sanctissimum, zmysły i retoryka. Wierszowany cykl z końca XVII wieku o tajemnicy Eucharystii autorstwa studentów kolegium jezuickiego w Orszy
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Krzywy, Roman; Sieradzka, Aldona
The article is concerned with the handwritten cycle of poems "Głosy piąci zmysłów" [“Speeches of Five Senses”], that comes from the 2nd half of the 17th century. The text is part of a codex containing other rhetorical exercises by students of the Jesuit college in Orsza (Belarus). "Głosy piąci zmysłów" develop the issue of the Eucharistic mystery – voices of the five senses try to explore this problem and the Mind is their leader. But it turns out that four senses – eyesight, taste, the senses of touch and of smell – have failed. Only hearing can prove that the truth about this sacrament was revealed in the words of Christ and the saints. The hardest task is to believe them.
Tryumf Taidy ogłoszony. O diariuszu obłóczyn u dominikanek lwowskich księżnej Teofili Wiśniowieckiej w 1753 roku
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Kuran, Michał
The article presents the structure and main themes of the diary of the solemn investiture ceremony of Teofila Wiśniowiecka entitled "Tryumf troistej Łaski Boskiej" [“The Triumph of the Threefold Divine Grace”] from 1753. This literary work is presented against the background of monastic customs which accompany the investiture. Introduction of many persons served to commemorate their role in the ceremony and to praise the families they represented. The article describes the activities presented in the diary to announce the celebrations. The course of the events is pointed out considering the role of decorations which were especially stressed in the diary. The interior decorated with not only expensive materials and costly votive offerings but also flowers, which were appropriately lit, was accompanied by Baroque splendor with processional marches, the firing of cannons and the music performed by the duke’s band. Theatralization of the event is emphasized. The article considers the rhetorical structure of the speeches included in the diary (dispositio) and the main themes from the sphere of inventio. It also shows which elements of the event were not included in the diary. They were omitted because they did not comply with the rules of the ceremony (i.e. lack of secular speeches during the act of investiture). The investiture was shown as a special case of a rite of passage because it was a doyenne of the family who was joining the Order, not a young maiden. The act was important because while she was still alive she left inheritance to her descendants who felt obliged to pay tribute to her. The Order also accepted her with due respect as their protector and founder. Publication of the diary was intended to consolidate for posterity the information about the lavish celebration and spread knowledge of its course of events among magnates and gentry.

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