European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.21, z. 4 (2023)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttps://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/9493

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Aktualnie wyświetlane 1 - 20 z 32

Evaluation of salivary alpha amylase activity in smokers with periodontitis, Khartoum state, 2023
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023) Allah, Fatima Abd Alwhab Awad; Ahmed, Hafsa Ahmed Elrheima
Introduction and aim. Smoking widely affect oral health, including its role in the development of periodontitis. Saliva contains an antioxidant system and various enzymes. The study was designed to evaluate the activity of salivary alpha amylase among individuals who smoke and have periodontitis. Material and methods. A total of 100 participants were included, with 50 cases (cigarette smokers with periodontitis) and the remaining 50 nonsmokers with healthy periodontium as the control group. Saliva samples were collected to measure salivary alpha amylase activity. Results. Smokers with periodontitis had significantly higher levels of salivary alpha amylase compared to the control group (177.96±14.5 vs 94.04±19.6 IU/mL, p<0.001). Additionally, there was a weak negative correlation between the level of alpha amylase and the age of the patients (p=0.01, r=0.376). However, no correlation was found between the level of alpha amylase and the duration of smoking (p=0.584, r=0.079). Conclusion. There is a significant increase in salivary alpha amylase levels among smokers with periodontitis. No correlation was found between age and salivary alpha amylase levels. However, a weak positive correlation was observed between the duration of smoking and salivary alpha amylase activity.
Utilizing machine learning to create a blood-based scoring system for sepsis detection
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Aref, Sadik
Introduction and aim. Sepsis, a disease caused by inflammation as a response to infection, often goes undiagnosed due to its heterogeneity and lack of a single diagnostic test. Current sepsis detection scoring systems have low sensitivity and utilize biomarkers that are difficult to obtain from a single test. The goal of this research is to create a scoring system that outperforms current industry standards by utilizing blood-based biomarkers readily available in hospital settings. Material and methods. Machine learning algorithms were run through Google Colab using Extreme Gradient Boost classifier. The dataset was obtained from NCBI website containing electronic hospital records of intensive care patients. A multivariate linear regression was applied to the dataset to determine statistically significant biomarkers in the detection of sepsis, and their β coefficients. Then, validation testing was performed, and the performance was compared to other scoring systems. Results. This experiment reveals that a sepsis detection system that utilizes procalcitonin, white blood cells, C-reactive protein, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, and albumin can outperform other biomarkers and scoring systems with high sensitivity at a recall score of 0.7922. Conclusion. These results demonstrate the potential of utilizing a blood-based scoring system for sepsis detection within hospital settings.
Challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic for children and their families during home quarantine in Turkey
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Aydın, Bahise; Çalbayram, Nazan Çakırer; Altundağ, Sebahat
Introduction and aim. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in human life. As a result of these changes, it is important to determine the effects on the child and family life. This study was conducted to determine the challenges experienced by children and their families while home quarantine in the pandemic. Material and methods. The study was conducted with parents who had children aged 6-18, use social media, and willing to participate in the study. A total of 450 parents participated in the study. Online survey was used. Results. It was determined that some of parental daily activities decreased (doing sports, communicating with friends, engaging in hobbies) and some of them increased (personal hygiene, internet, and playing games with their children). The decreased daily activities of children (doing sports and communicating with friends) and increased activities (eating, personal hygiene, internet, and social media use, playing with toys and technological devices) were detected. There was an increase in some of the family activities (watching movies, playing games, and studying). Conclusion. It was determined that the home quarantine in the pandemic led to some negative changes in the daily living habits, lifestyles, and feelings of the family.
Manifestations of post-traumatic stress in military personnel after participating in hostilities in the Russian-Ukrainian war
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Prykhodko, Ihor; Matsehora, Yanina; Kryvokon, Nataliya; Hunbin, Konstantin; Kovalchuk, Oleksandr; Antusheva, Nataliia; Filonenko, Lesia
Introduction and aim. Since the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war, many Ukrainian military personnel began to show post-traumatic stress (PTS). The purpose of the article is to identify the features of PTS exhibited in different age groups in trauma-exposed military personnel during their participation in the psychological recovery program (“Invincibility Program”). Material and methods. Ukrainian Defense Forces military personnel (n=546 males, between 20 and 60 years of age) participated in this study. All participants were divided into three age groups. Determination of the features of PTS in military personnel was carried out using psychodiagnostic tests. Results. In each age group, more than half of the participants in the “Invincibility Program” had PTS characteristics such as the sub-threshold or clinical manifestations of PTSD, adjustment disorders, low resilience to combat mental trauma, and various sleep disorders combined with somatic complaints. The data showed higher features of PTS in the younger participants and they decreased in both the 2 older sets of participants. Conclusion. The age-related features of the manifestation of PTS in military personnel must be taken into account when developing psychological recovery programs: for younger participants, such events should be carried out longer and more intensively.
Fall risk and frailty level in older adults admitted to the emergency department with a complaint of falling
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Çelik, Sevim; Uğur, Neşe; Karahan, Elif; Dolu, İlknur
Introduction and aim. Falls are the second leading cause of unintentional death in the world. The study was conducted to examine the risk of falls and levels of frailty in older adult patients admitted to the emergency department due to fractures, as well as to identify the factors that influence fall risk and frailty levels. Material and methods. This cross-sectional and correlational study conducted with 155 older patients. Data collected by the patient information form, Itaki Fall Risk Scale and Edmonton Frail Scale. Results. Patients diagnosed with fracture in the emergency department had a high risk of falling with a mean score of 9.55±3.84.70.3% of the patients were frail. The one-third (30.3%) had severe frailty. There was a moderate positive correlation between the risk of falling and the mean frailty score of the older adult patients (p<0.001). Conclusion. The study showed that older adults admitted to the emergency department due to falls are at high risk of falling and the majority of them are frail. Early determination of fall risk and frailty levels in the older adults with a history of falling, prevention of falls and fractures due to falls will be beneficial in increasing the quality of life of the older adults.
The use of the “Talk To Me” application in the therapy of speech development delays
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Warmbier, Wojciech A.; Podgórska-Bednarz, Justyna; Gagat-Matuła, Anna; Perenc, Lidia
Introduction and aim. Computer techniques are increasingly used in speech therapy. The aim of the work is to present the results of the preliminary evaluation of the new “Talk To Me” application and its functionality in the treatment of speech development delays. Material and methods. The study was conducted in 3 groups of children: the study group with the use of the “Talk To Me” application, the conventional therapy group and the control group - in the case of both groups with the intervention, additional reinforcements were used. All children included in the project showed delays in speech development. The recorded age of children in all analyzed groups ranged from 2 to 6 years. In order to verify language progress, the Scale of Language Skills Acquisition in the Field of Communication Competence was used. Results. Acquisition of language skills varies depending on the group affiliation. The analysis of simple main effects for the time of measurement showed that in each group the differences between successive measurements turned out to be significant. In the study group, the increase in language skills differs from the other two groups (p<0.001). However, there is no difference between the groups with conventional and control therapy (p=1.00). Conclusion. Analysis of the research results allows us to conclude that the “Talk To Me” application is a tool that significantly affects the speed of therapy progress in the case of speech development delays concerning communicative competence.
Haemocytometric profile and plasma levels of selected cytokines in patients at various stages of cervical cancer
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Jimoh, Mutiu Alani; Onifade, Abdulfatah Adekunle; Abbiyesuku, Fayeofori Mpakaboari; Edem, Victory Fabian; Rahamon, Sheu Kadiri; Arinola, Olatunbosun Ganiyu
Introduction and aim. Reports have shown that there is alteration in haematological and inflammatory processes in patients with cervical cancer. However, there is the dearth of information on the pattern of alteration in Nigerian patients with cervical cancer at various stages of the disease. Therefore, haemocytometric profile and plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-12 were determined in Nigerian patients with cervical cancer at various stages of the disease. Material and methods. Eighty-nine adults consisting of 49 patients with cervical cancer and 40 apparently healthy controls were enrolled into this study. Haemocytometric profile was determined using automated haematology analyzer while the plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-12 were determined using ELISA. Results. Of the participants with cervical cancer, 6.12%, 24.49%, 53.06% and 16.33% were in stages I, II, III and IV respectively. The mean plasma IL-6 level was significantly higher in patients at stage IV of the cancer compared with those in stages I, II and III. No significant differences were observed in the mean plasma IL-12 level, and the haemocytometric profile when patients in different stages of the cancer were compared with one another. Plasma IL-6 had significant positive correlation with the lymphocytes count and cancer stage but had significant negative correlation with packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin and total white blood cells count (WBC) in patients with cervical cancer. Conclusion. Interleukin-6 appears to play an important role in the progression of cervical cancer and could be involved in cervical cancer-associated alteration in haemocytometric profile.
The effect of a physical therapy programme on the condition of upper limb muscles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Grygus, Igor; Nogas, Anzhela
Introduction and aim. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic progressive systemic disease of the connective tissue affecting the joints, mainly small, of the erosive-destructive polyarthritis type, and frequent systemic inflammatory damage to internal organs. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy on the muscles of upper limbs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by the dynamics of muscle strength and strength index. Material and methods. To determine the strength of the muscles of the affected upper limbs were used dynamometry, calculated strength index as a percentage to assess the functional ability of the affected limb. All patients were divided into control (n=92) and main (n=96) groups, taking into account the functional insufficiency of the joints. Results. After 6 months of physical therapy, muscle strength indicators in the main group of patients with 1st degree of functional joints insufficiency (FJI) in the affected right limb increased by 3.1 kg, in the left by 3 kg; with 2nd degree FJI – in the right limb by 4.2 kg, in the left – by 3.7 kg, significantly exceeded the same indicators in patients of the control group (р<0.05). Similarly, there was an increase in the strength index in the patients of the main group. Conclusion. Physical therapy technology has been developed and implemented effectively influenced the increase in muscle strength and strength index of affected upper limbs of the main group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Plasma level of beta endorphin in seborrheic dermatitis patients
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Vysochanska, Vlasta; Koval, Galina
Introduction and aim. Defects in the epidermal barrier, changes in sebum secretion and its composition, Malassezia spp. overgrowth, endocrine, immune, and neurological disorders are the main pathogenesis items of seborrheic dermatitis (SD). “The opioid system of the skin” was considered a new target in the diagnosis and treatment of SD. The study aimed to determine beta-endorphin (BE) levels in adult patients with seborrheic dermatitis and correlate them with the severity of symptoms and itching. Material and methods. 26 healthy and 62 SD people were examined. SEDASI scale were used to estimate the severity of symptoms and intensity of itching. The determination of the beta-endorphin level was carried out by the ELISA method with the test system Human BE NBP2 (78774 Novus Biologicals). Results. BE in the SD group was higher compared to the control group (35.5 pg/mL, 22. pg/mL, p<0.001). The level of BE in seborrheic patients did not depend on age and sex but was rising with severity of symptoms. Positive correlations were found between the level of BE and the SEDASI was 0.42 (p<.001), between the level of BE and itching was 0.332 (p=0.009). Conclusion. SD patients have an increased level of BE that positively correlates with itching and disease severity.
Demystifying the intricacies – a rare report of two cases of biradicular permanent mandibular lateral incisor and their endodontic management
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Makkar, Sameer; Gupta, Sandeep; Singh, Aiana; Rohilla, Smriti
Introduction and aim. One of the imperative reasons for endodontic failure is an extra or missed root and root canals. Permanent mandibular lateral incisors generally present as monoradicular tooth with one or two canals, but aberrancies in the form of extra root are also rarely seen. There is insufficiency in the literary work regarding the presence of an extra root in permanent mandibular lateral incisor. We hereby report two illustrious cases of biradicular permanent mandibular lateral incisors and their endodontic management and brief review regarding the case reports published so far regarding the existence of an extra root in permanent mandibular lateral incisor in the literature. Also, we intend to apprise the scientific documentation with the aforementioned. Description of the cases. Case 1. A twenty-two-year-old male patient of Indian origin was referred to endodontic clinic for intentional root canal therapy. Pre-operative radiograph revealed 32 exhibited aberrancy in the form of an extra root, with normal periodontal structures and bone architecture. Case 2. A sixty-two-year-old male patient came to the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics with the chief complaint of pain in the lower anterior tooth region. Radiographic examination revealed root caries on the mesial side and two roots with two canals with bifurcation at the level of middle third of root. Conclusion. Clinicians should be well prepared in advance for management of any anatomical aberrancy in their clinical practice by having a scrupulous knowledge of root canal system.
Satisfaction levels of patients attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care center of India
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Kumar, Vijay; Biswas, Ratnadeep; Ojha, Vishnu S.; Kaushal, Kishore
Introduction and aim. Any hospital’s outpatient department (OPD) is regarded as the storefront of the facility, and patient satisfaction is an important measure of healthcare quality. Hence, this cross-sectional study was conducted in different OPDs at a tertiary care center. Material and methods. Two hundred patients were recruited, and structured personal interviews were conducted with questions based on the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (PSQ-18). T-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare satisfaction scores between variables. Results. Upon analysis, 86% of the patients rated their overall experience as either ‘very good’ or ‘good’. Interpersonal manners (mean score±SD; 4.60±0.55), communication (4.39±0.66), general satisfaction (4.03±0.79), and technical qualities (3.86±0.57) were the domains in which the patients were most satisfied, while time spent with the doctor (3.77±0.89), accessibility and convenience (3.77±0.67), and financial aspects (3.37±0.83) were the areas that lagged. Conclusion. Satisfaction scores were found to vary significantly with gender, age, waiting times, and the number of visits per day. Regular patient satisfaction surveys should be conducted in all hospitals for devising interventions to provide patients with the best possible care.
Ascorbic acid in cancer management – time for a second look
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Ogochukwu, Izuegbuna
Introduction and aim. Over the past decades, the hypotheses that ascorbic acid (AA) can play a role as an anti-neoplastic therapy have generated many conflicting reports. Despite the controversies, mounting evidence has shown that AA has the potential to play a role as an anti-neoplastic agent. Recent studies have unraveled its pharmacokinetics and various mechanism of action on cancer cells. This has spawned different preclinical studies with reports of good activities against various cancers. Material and methods. A review of the literature regarding ascorbic acid in the management of cancer was performed using the PubMed database. The research was limited to abstracts and available full-text articles. Analysis of the literature. Clinical trials have also demonstrated its safety and tolerability across different dosages. AA has been noted as a multitargeting agent that acts as a pro-oxidative cytotoxic agent, anti-cancer epigenetic regulator and immune modulator. AA has also been shown act synergistically with standard chemotherapy regimens in different cancers. Despite its potentials, phase III clinical trials are seriously lacking. The recent phase III VITALITY study shows that AA may play a role as an adjunct targeted therapy for ras-mutated cancers. Therefore, there is need to for more standardized clinical trials to help identify cancer subtypes and AA combination regimens that can show the most benefits. In this review, the pleiotropic mechanism of action of AA was explored as well as various preclinical and clinical studies in cancer therapy. In addition, recommendations were also made for effective strategies towards an AA and standard cancer regimens in treatment as well as future directions. Ascorbic acid has been shown to induce cell death in various cancer types through different mechanisms of action. Several clinical trials and case reports have shown its efficacy in combination chemotherapy, and the pharmacological route of action can be either intravenous or oral. However, it can impair the actions of some drugs when given in combination. Also, dosage should be determined for maximal pharmacologic action. Conclusion. Ascorbic acid has the potential to provide safe and cost-effective antineoplastic treatment option especially in combination therapy. Its potential needs to be further investigated through clinical trials.
Exploring the versatility of ciclopirox – from anti-fungal to anticancer agent and beyond
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Singh, Dhishank; Kaur, Ginpreet; Chintamaneni, Meena; Joshi, Hemant; Ramniwas, Seema; Tuli, Hardeep Singh
Introduction and aim. Ciclopirox has been treating fungal infections for decades. Recent studies suggest ciclopirox may be repurposed to treat cancer, viral infections, and neurological disorders. Ciclopirox exerts anticancer by inhibiting multiple pathways of cancer cell growth and survival and anti-viral actions by reducing viral replication and altering the host immunological response to viral infection. Recent research suggests that ciclopirox may protect against neurodegenerative illnesses including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. This narrative review shows ciclopirox’s potential to treat cancer, viral infections, and neurological diseases. Material and methods. Current relevant research publications focused on ciclopirox and its repurposing medicinal potential, therefore a well-designed technique was used to find them. „Ciclopirox”, „Anti-fungal”, „Anti-cancer”, „Repurposing”, and „Therapeutic potential” were used to search PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Analysis of literature. Ciclopirox may reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, which may cause several illnesses. Overall, the repurposing of ciclopirox for the treatment of cancer, viral infections, and neurodegenerative disorders represents a promising avenue of research that warrants further investigation. Conclusion. It was concluded that CPX and olamine derivatives as outstanding antifungal medications, as well as provide information on ongoing research to use them for other illnesses.
Nursing students’ awareness of health-promoting lifestyle profile and sustainable development goals – a quasi-experimental study
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Dolu, lknur; Bozkurt, Feyza Demir
Introduction and aim. Health promotion is one of the common elements of sustainable development goals. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of “Healthy Life and Environment” course on nursing student’s awareness of sustainable development and healthy life, and health-promoting lifestyle behaviours. Material and methods. A pre-, and post-test control group quasi-experimental research design was used. One nursing department located in Nortwest Blacksea region, Turkey. A total of 160 nursing students pursuing bachelor nursing programs. Students from first and second years who enrolled in the “Healthy Life and Environment” course assigned to intervention group, those who did not attend the course assigned to control group. Results. Female students had higher level of HPLP II and SDA than male. SDA had a weak correlation with HLA and a very week correlation with HPLP II at baseline. Intervention group had an improvement of .03 points in HPLP II, no change in HLA, and a slight improvement of .01 points in SDA, however these differences were not statistically important. Conclusion. The results of our study highlighted that nursing curricula need to be modified to incorporate sustainable development methodology using student-centered learning.
Secondary Fahr’s syndrome mimicking meningoencephalitis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Vamshikrishnapatel, Kotha; Kumar, Vijay; Biswas, Ratnadeep; Ojha, Vishnu S; Hegde, Aniketh V.
Introduction and aim. Fahr’s disease is a rare neurological disorder characterized by bilateral basal ganglia calcifications. The aim of this report is to highlight a case of Fahr’s disease with atypical features such as neck rigidity and peripheral nerve involvement. Description of the case. Here, we present the case of a South Asian patient with secondary Fahr’s disease whose clinical presentation mimicked that of meningoencephalitis. The patient had neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms along with abnormal body movements. She also had restricted neck mobility. Computed tomography of the head revealed bilateral dense calcifications in the basal ganglia suggestive of Fahr’s syndrome. Investigations revealed severe hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and low parathyroid hormone levels, which led to the identification of hypoparathyroidism as the underlying cause. The presence of pre-existing epilepsy and neck rigidity made the diagnosis difficult. The relatively rapid development of symptoms along with the presence of peripheral nerve involvement made this case even more unique. Calcium levels were corrected, and there was a marked symptomatic improvement. Conclusion. Neck rigidity and restricted neck mobility may be present in cases of Fahr’s syndrome due to calcifications of the nuchal ligament or other spinal ligaments and thus must be differentiated from meningoencephalitis. Although the symptoms of Fahr’s syndrome are generally limited to the central nervous system, there may be involvement of the peripheral nerves as well.
The investigation of the impact of education on sexual health/reproductive health knowledge levels of nurses and midwives in extraordinary situations – evidence from Turkey
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Cirban Ekrem, Ebru; Kuş, Tuğçe; Erkmen, Emir; Dursun, Nisanur
Introduction and aim. In extraordinary situations, sexual/reproductive health services are very important for the health of the whole society, especially women and children. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of training provided on sexual health/reproductive health during extraordinary situations on the knowledge levels of nurses and midwives. Material and methods. The research was conducted using a single-group pre-test-post-test follow-up test measurement quasi-experimental design. It was completed between November 2021–June 2022 with 140 participants working in a province in Turkey. The data were collected with the “Descriptive Information Form” and the “Sexual Health and Reproductive Health Knowledge Assessment Form for Extraordinary Situations”. Training was given with the Sexual Health/Reproductive Health Training Booklet for Extraordinary Situations. Results. It was found that the participants scored 20.82±4.47 on the Sexual Health and Reproductive Health Knowledge Assessment Form for Extraordinary Situations in the pre-test, 27.63±2.67 in the post-test, and 27.07±3.46 in the follow-up test. As a result of the training, it was determined that the difference between the scores they got from the Sexual Health and Reproductive Health Knowledge Assessment Form for Extraordinary Situations was due to the pre-test (p<0.05). Conclusion. In the study, the participants scored above the average in the pre-test, while they achieved significantly higher scores in the post-test and follow-up test. This shows that the training given to nurses and midwives is effective.
Tuberculosis epidemic in India – a systematic review
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Deotale, Pranay; Mondal, Nitish
Introduction and aim. India, accounting for approximately 26% of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden with a significant proportion of 0.11 million (6%) pediatric TB cases. The goal of this systematic review paper is to provide a thorough analysis of the TB epidemic in India, including information on the severity of the illness and challenges associated with diagnosis and treatment, the risk factors for transmission and progression of the disease, and the advancements and difficulties encountered in efforts to control at community level. Material and methods. The terms “Tuberculosis in India,” “Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis,” “Tuberculosis and Associated Co-morbidities,” “Diagnosis of Tuberculosis,” “Prevention of Tuberculosis,” and “Treatment of Tuberculosis’’, keywords were used to search in number of international electronic databases, including “Google Scholar,” “PubMed,” and “DOAJ.” Analysis of the literature. Diagnosis and treatment of TB are significantly complicated by co-morbid condition such includes alcoholism, diabetes, HIV, undernutrition, diabetes and HIV. In addition, there may be treatment delays, and the extra-pulmonary or drug-resistant TB due to ignorance, misunderstandings, and lack of education among TB patients, and medical professionals, which ultimately increases morbidity and mortality. Conclusion. Poverty, undernutrition, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and co-morbidities, which frequently complicate TB diagnosis and treatment, must be addressed in addition to the critical need to prioritize TB research and development.
Characterization of SUS-treated amputees at the Itanhaém Municipal Rehabilitation Center from 2012 to 2020
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Artioli, Dérrick Patrick; Bertolini, Gladson Ricardo Flor
Introduction and aim. Analyzing the factors related to amputations and understanding which factors are changeable can assist in the development of public policies for the prevention and education of the population. Objective: To describe the main etiological characteristics and symptoms after amputation in the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS) patients in order to contribute to the information for treatment planning by the multiprofessional team for these patients. Material and methods. Retrospective study from 2012 to 2020, evaluating data from all amputation cases seen at the Itanhaém Municipal Rehabilitation Service, SP. Results. 76 cases were studied, mostly middle-aged men, Caucasian, smokers, hypertensive, type II diabetics, some with dyslipdemia, cardiopathies, and the main cause of amputation was infection after wound. Conclusion. The population needs to be warned about the risk of amputation due to infected wounds in patients with difficulty in controlling their comorbidities. Patients who have undergone amputation, should be oriented towards an early utilization of rehabilitation services, and municipalities should prepare their medical and rehabilitation professionals for the treatment of characteristic symptoms that amputees report and prosthetization.
A study on the mycobacterial burden and phenotypic drug resistance pattern with reference to the GeneXpert Cycle Threshold values in pulmonary tuberculosis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Kashyap, Bineeta; Sarkar, Krishna; Singh, Kapil; Hyanki, Puneeta
Introduction and aim. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial to prevent further transmission. The present study aimed to correlate cycle threshold values with smear microscopy and culture positivity, and determine cut-off cycle threshold values for levels of smear grade and culture positivity. Material and methods. Forty presumptive cases of pulmonary TB were included and subjected to Ziehl- Neelsen stain, culture on Lowenstein Jensen media, CBNAAT and drug susceptibility testing for first line anti-tubercular drugs. Results. Our study predicts 3+, 2+, and 1+ sputum smear grade at a cut-off of Ct value ≤ 16.74, ≤19.68, and ≤ 22.32 respectively. A strong positive correlation was found between time to culture positivity and Ct value. A cut-off of Ct value ≤22.32 predicts culture positivity with a sensitivity of 92%, and a specificity of 67%. None of the isolates showed rifampicin resistance by 1% proportion method. Conclusion. Understanding the appropriate utilization of CBNAAT Ct values and their correlation with smear microscopy grade, culture, and drug susceptibility testing can assist clinicians in early identification and prompt initiation of appropriate treatment. This knowledge can contribute to the prevention of drug resistance, reduced transmission, and a decreased disease burden associated with TB.
An in vitro study for the evaluation of morphological and biochemical characteristics of absorbable sutures coated with genistein and nicotine
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-12) Chopra, Aditi; Cecil, Anju; Eshwaramoorthy, Rajalaksmanan; John, Rubin S.
Introduction and aim. Inflammation, cell proliferation, matrix deposition, and tissue remodeling are all elements of the well-structured and well-coordinated process of wound repair. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of genistein and nicotine on polyglycolic acid (PGA) and vicryl sutures. Material and methods. Genistein and nicotine were isolated and solution was prepared and the suture material PGA and vicryl were immersed in the solution and dried. They were tested for their tensile strength and degradation values after immersion in artificial saliva (on the first day and on the 14th day). The sutures were also seen under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for its uniform coating and the mixture formulation of genistein and nicotine were tested for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity using protein denaturation assay and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay respectively. Results. Nicotine has a high anti-inflammatory activity on the suture material, whereas Genistein has an insignificant anti-inflammatory effect. The mixture formulation has a relatively similar anti-inflammatory effect when compared to the control. The SEM analysis shows a uniform coating of the formulation on the PGA and vicryl sutures. In comparison, PGA has shown lesser tensile strength and hence higher degradation ability. Conclusion. Nicotine and Genistein affect the tensile strength and degradation properties of the sutures.

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Przeglądanie European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.21, z. 4 (2023) według Data wydania