Słowo. Studia językoznawcze nr 10/2019
URI dla tej Kolekcjihttp://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/6728
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Pozycja W świecie wartości moralnych – między zawiłością a prostotą(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Walicki, JakubIn the article I describe a dual nature of morality, arguing that moral actions require a constant movement between complexity and simplicity of the moral world. In the first part of the article I examine heterogeneity of the moral sphere, pointing out that it should not be simplified. I try to show why morality cannot be seen as a domain of perfect clarity and why it is usually impossible to make a firm distinction between goodness and evil. In the second part I argue that despite the difficulties, morality also requires self-confidence which can be justified. Although some moral problems are demanding, many others can be solved relatively easily. In the last part of the paper I discuss a difference between primary, spontaneous moral self-confidence, connected with simplified moral judgments, and secondary, reflective one, which comes from overcoming and controlling initial moral doubts.Pozycja Polszczyzna młodej inteligencji na przykładzie tekstów popularyzujących naukę(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Sagan-Bielawa, MirosławaThe article refers to the concept of intelligentsia as a social group which exerts significant influence on Polish standard patterns. Although the term intelligentsia is vague and questionable, it is well-established term in Polish linguistics, especially in sociolinguistics. Author argues that science communicators (young professional researchers, science journalists, PhD students) represent the young intelligentsia, because these well-educated people pursue their intellectual development and they have sense of public duty. The article examines standard of popular science texts in Internet, new tendencies in written Polish and attitude of young intelligentsia toward traditional linguistic norm. The errors (esp. punctuation and syntax) exemplify impact of technological changes and phenomenon of secondary orality. It would be useful for science communicators to edit carefully their texts. Both researchers and journalists need to improve their writing skills permanently. Nevertheless it must be emphasized that school education and competent teachers seem to have important influence on the linguistic patterns.Pozycja Określenia dzieci odnoszące się do ich wieku znane najmłodszym i najstarszym mieszkańcom pogórskich wsi(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Piechnik, AnnaThe article presents lexical terminology of children relating to their age, which are present in the region of Pogórze Ciężkowicko-Rożnowskie (on the border of tarnowskie and nowosądeckie counties). The Language material was gathered by means of a questionnaire. It was answered by almost 200 people, who represent two age groups: middle-school students, and the oldest inhabitants of the area in question. The results revealed significant differences in the way a child is perceived by the students and by the oldest generation. The respondents representing these two groups determine different caesura for adulthood, and they also justify this choice differently. Lexical terminology of children relating to their age constitutes a significantly larger number of lexical items in the language of the older inhabitants of Pogórze. Students more frequently quote names common in general Polish language, both in its colloquial and regional form. Older respondents are more keen to use differentiating dialectal terms, including lexical items referring to the past reality of village life. Students are familiar mainly with the dialectal lexical items for children that are widespread in the area in question and have numerous derivatives.Pozycja Składniowa „mówioność” w powieści Doroty Masłowskiej „Kochanie, zabiłam nasze koty”(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Nowakowska, MagdalenaSyntactic treatments, which imitate spoken language, are crucial determinants of the colloquial style, alongside lexis. Responsible for the impression of interacting or communing with the spontaneously created text, which is a record of the living language of the narrator and characters, they are concerned with numerous simplifications and schemes. Among many diversified linguistic phenomena found in the novel by D. Masłowska, entitled “Kochanie, zabiłam nasze koty” (English title: “Honey, I killed our cats”, seemingly contradictory syntactic tendencies are used; the elliptical nature of syntax on the one hand, and, on the other hand, numerous repetitions both with regards to lexis and the construction of sentences. The segmentation or breaking up of utterances, as well as their excessive expansions, is similarly contradictory. Drawing from the spoken language aims to connect the at times unreal word depicted in the novel with the reality of the recipient, and to present the literary characters in a reliable way, more often than not associated with ordinariness.Pozycja Opisując nieopisane, czyli o (nie)przetłumaczalności języka przyrody na przykładzie brytyjskiego, polskiego i niemieckiego przyrodopisarstwa(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Miller, DorotaIt goes without saying that words can distort or illuminate the way we perceive and emotionally experience the surrounding world and nature. Following this observation, the main objective of this paper is to pinpoint the possible linguistic expressions of nature. The underlying question can be formulated as follows: How can we adequately, accurately but nevertheless emotionally describe the subjective experience of nature and the relation human-nature? The analysis is based on three publications documenting growing interest of the literature in environmental issues: Robert Macfarlane’s “The Wild Places” [2017], Michał Książek’s “Droga 816” [2015] and Peter Wohlleben’s “Das Seelenleben der Tiere” [2016]. They represent the so-called nature writing: a well-established literary tradition in the Anglo-American literature, little-known in Polish and German literary landscapes.Pozycja Structural and grammatical peculiarities of the headline in modern ukrainian mass media(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Marynenko, Iryna; Mykhailenko, VladyslavThe article presents the grammatical structure of headlines of modern Ukrainian media. It is stated that traditional paper media continue the tradition of short headlines including non-extended simple sentences. They are often one- or two-word sentences, which intrigues and interests the reader. At the same time, cross-media editions show a tendency to use long titles in form of extended simple or composite sentences including the main content of the article. Sometimes too long headlines of publicistic materials can be an obstacle to remembering and understanding the sense of further information.Pozycja Gwara śląska jako wartościujący determinant reklamowy(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Łuc, IzabelaThe article descibes the stategies of introducing lingustic units derived from the Silesian dialect into advertising texts. The mechanism and contextual funtions of exploiting dialect lexemes in commercial text (in the evaluative form) were described by the use of pragmalinguistic analysis and the theory of semantic fields (with appropriate methodological solutions).Pozycja Wartościowanie kościoła – czy Kościół jest wartością?(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Kubacka, AngelikaIn the following dissertation I would like to answer the question if the Catholic Church is still perceived as a value. Lexical connotations as well as not firmly fixed textual connotation proved significant for analysing the modern perception of the Church. I examine what connotations are present in the texts about the Church and which of them, due to their frequency of appearance and coherence may prove useful in establishing the Church’s place in the sphere of value. Among the other methods, I am applying the categorisation by prototype for the research. I’ve gathered materials for my analysis from journalistic texts published by Gazeta Wyborcza in 2016.Pozycja Czas dziki żwawiec – analiza semantyczna wybranych czasowników ruchu w przysłowiach o czasie(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Kochmańska, WiolettaThe text provides a typological and functional analysis of the movement verbs expressed in the texts of proverbs the subject of which is time–an abstract metaphorical concept. Thestudy is based on the semantic frame paremic analysisin which time is featured as an object capable of moving. These are figurative representations of movement, which are the exponents of the fictitious movement. It has been shown that the components of the scenery created by the environment (embodied as water, air, alleged surface of the nose), direction of movement (segmental, horizontal, vertical), and method of contact with the surface are the constants in the semantic frame of such descriptions of displacement. The result of the ongoing research is the conclusion that time is conceptualized by humans as a dynamic concept, associated with movement (even equated with change), which clearly illustrates the current belief that Time does not stand still.Pozycja Imiona słowiańskie z członami lubo-, -lub, miło-, -mił w toponimii Polski(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Górny, HalszkaThe article is devoted to toponyms motivated by Slavic compound names with adjective elements: lubo-, -lub, miło-, -mił. This topic is part of the research project called “Names as the Basis of Polish Geographical Names”, carried out at the Institute of the Polish Language at the Polish Academy of Sciences in Cracow. In a two-line analysis (on the antroponymic and toponymic level), enriched with cartographic illustrations, attention was focused on pointing out the chronology of personal names, productivity of the Slavic names in the process of nominating toponyms, and on highlighting the chronology, frequency, geography of oikonyms and their structural types. In over 60 place names created up to the end of the 16th century, and located mainly in Greater Poland, Silesia and Mazovia, 27 names with the above-mentioned elements were preserved. Among them are forms reconstructed from toponyms, such as: *Lubogost, *Lubomysł, *Lubowid, *Lubowit, *Nielub, *Miłobąd, *Miłodrog, *Miłorad, *Niemił. The younger layer of place names dated to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries or introduced officially after 1945 occur mainly in the north and west of Poland.Pozycja Formuły metatekstowe podkreślające przebieg argumentacji w encyklikach Jana Pawła II(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Gajewska, UrszulaThe main purpose of this article is the description and the functional analysis of metatextual formulas signaling the course of argumentation in the encyclicals of John Paul II. Among the studied constructions should be highlighted: indicators of the subject, indicators of the premises (introducing an argument from authority, introducing definitions, introducing commentary and explanation) and signaling devices of arguments and statements, proposals and conclusions. The aforementioned metatextual formulas play an important role in the communication process. They identify and specify moments that are particularly important in the complicated justification process. Emphasizing the strategic places of discource, they serve to start the appropriate perceptual processes in the recipient, thanks to which the text can be quickly integrated and interpreted accordingly.Pozycja Renaming in Urbanonymyas a Form of Foreign Policy Démarche(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Danylchuk, DmytroThe article presents one of the manifestations of the socio-communicative function of urbanonymy, namely the symbolic role of renaming in the context of foreign policy. The purpose of this article is to establish and describe the signs of foreign policy démarches or similar symbolic acts in renaming (changes in urbanonymy, renominations). To achieve this goal, the author does the lexical-semantic analysis of the concept ‘démarche’ using the induction and deduction methods; the features of démarche were found in certain types of urban renaming of the new period, recorded in the mass media. Finally, with the help of the induction and generalization methods, seven basic criteria for the presence of démarche features in renaming acts are formulated. Materials of the research were presented at the International Scientific-Practical Conference «Language. Society. Journalism» (Kyiv, November 02, 2018).Pozycja Vasco-caucasian vector in the study of germanic vocabulary of unknown origin(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Borshchevskyi, Serhii V.The present article reflects the results of research into the lexicon of unknown origin of the modern Germanic (English and German) languages. It is presupposed that the vocabulary specified was inherited from prehistoric idioms of ancient Europe and therefore belongs to heterogeneous Pre-Indo-European substrata. Original etymologies on the basis of revealed Germanic-Basque and Germanic-Caucasian parallels are suggested. The author postulates the participation of the Vasco-Caucasian component in ethnogeny of the Germans and differentiation of the Germanic languages.Pozycja „Wirtualny doradca zdrowotny”, suplement diety, reklama i odbiorca – czyli język portali promujących zdrowie w Internecie(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Błachowicz, EwaThe paper focuses on the language of the health promoting web portals, including the language of advertisements related to the health promoting products which are placed on selected web portals. The communication-related aspect of the discussion, that is the perspective of the virtual health advisor and receiver organise the discussion. The analysis is conducted according to the paradigm of the popular science apparatus with limited amount of specialist terminology, which makes it understandable for any reader.Pozycja Słowo od Redakcji(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Ożóg, Kazimierz