Medical Review T. 14, z. 2 (2016)

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    Gait in patients with stroke-related hemiparesis and methods of gait assessment
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Guzik, Agnieszka; Wolan-Nieroda, Andżelina; Walicka-Cupryś, Katarzyna
    Cerebral stroke, a serious complication of cardiovascular system disorders, has become an important medical issue in contemporary societies. Gait disorders in patients after stroke constitute a serious clinical challenge - every year, more than ten thousand patients become seriously disabled as a result of stroke. Locomotor disability is one of stroke’s consequences. Patients with stroke-related hemiparesis often show gait disorders. Hemiparetic gait is characterized with a number of disorders, such as a considerable asymmetry of gait phase time, i.e. step length, or limb load – the healthy leg being overloaded. These disorders result in limiting patients’ everyday activity. Therefore, objective methods of gait analysis are currently being researched. Among gait assessment methods there are clinical, or observation methods – which consist of gait description as related to the normal gait patterns; as well as quantitative, or objective methods – which consist of measuring, description and analysis of chosen parameters of human gait. The aim of the study is to characterise gait in patients with stroke-related hemiparesis, as well as to discuss the methods of its assessment.
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    Excessive body mass and its correlation with hypertension – a review of the literature
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Wyszyńska, Justyna; Podgórska-Bednarz, Justyna; Mazur, Artur
    Hypertension is a serious health issue both in Poland and worldwide. It has been demonstrated that hypertension diagnosed in childhood persists in adulthood. Therefore, knowledge of the risk factors, prophylaxis and treatment of hypertension are crucial due to its serious medical and social consequences. Early identification of risk factors for hypertension allows to implement targeted preventive actions leading to the modification of habits connected with lifestyle, which in turn may lead to a reduction in the incidence of the disease or reduce its effects. The aim of the paper is to characterize the relationship between the occurrence of excessive body mass and hypertension in adults and in children and adolescents. Material and methods. A review of Polish and foreign literature mainly from the last 10 years. The following databases were searched: PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, Termedia, Polish Medical Bibliography.
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    Endurance training of the respiratory muscles –literature research
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Perenc, Lidia; Karczmarek-Borowska, Bożenna; Tymczak, Monika
    Introduction. In 1976, Leith and Bradley proved that strength and endurance of the respiratory muscles in young healthy volunteers could be successfully trained using respiratory muscle endurance training. In 1992 Urs Boutellier and Christina Spengler’s cooperation resulted in the construction and distribution of SpiroTiger training device. Aim of the study. To analyze available data on monitoring and documenting changes after the respiratory muscles endurance training. Presentation of changes after specific training in the athletes, healthy and chronically ill individuals. Material and methods. Literature Research and the PubMed database analysis using the following keywords: respiratory muscles endurance training, normocapnic hyperventilation, SpiroTiger. Conclusions. Monitoring and documentation of changes in the lung and respiratory muscle function and endurance under the influence of the training can be conducted in a manner consistent with evidence-based medicine. Improved respiratory muscle endurance and ability to perform the effort was observed in the athletes, healthy adults and chronically ill patients under the influence of the training.
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    Assessment of a sitting position by means of a kyphotisation indicator in the professionally active people
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Gruca, Maria; Saulicz, Edward
    Introduction. The development of modern technology has changed human lifestyle from active to passive (sitting). According to many authors, prolonged sitting is a risk factor for overextension and painful conditions of the spine. However, it seems that this relationship can only occur in conjunction with other factors. The aim of this study is to assess a sitting position using a kyphotisation indicator constructed by the author. Material and methods. The study included 372 people living and working professionally in the Silesian Voivodeship. The research program consisted of an interview survey and measurements the length of the spine projections, which provided the calculation of a kyphotisation indicator. Results. The conducted assessment showed that the examined people receive automatically a kyphotic sitting position and this postural habit is moved to a standing position. In addition, the study highlighted the 2 types of habitual sitting positions, one with a higher kyphotisation indicator and the other with a lower kyphotisation indicator, reflecting the “dynamic” sitting and searching a comfortable (antalgic) sitting position by the researched people. Conclusions. A kyphotic sitting position is a risk factor for overextension and painful conditions of the spine, and the kyphotisation indicator can be a useful tool for further clinimetric research regarding a sitting position.