Polskie ekwiwalenty przekładowe rosyjskich wykładników modalności epistemicznej кажется i казалось

This article is an attempt to analyse the Polish translational equivalents of the Russian modal words кажется and казалось expressing the speaker’s commitment to the truth of the proposition and evaluating it as possible. It is worth mentioning that some of the equivalents convey assertive modality. The sentences with the skipped marker of epistemic modality constitute a great deal of examples in the target language.