Przemiany zabudowy sektora Champlain (oppidum Bibracte) w świetle badań wykopaliskowych z lat 2013–2019

Since 2005, a team from the Institute of Archaeology at the University of Rzeszów (IA UR) has been participating in research at the oppidum of Bibracte (Mont Beuvray) in Burgundy. In 2012, a decision was made to begin excavation works to investigate the situation on the slope descending towards road D 274 (Fig. 1). The designated area is intended to eventually connect the excavation sites from the Côme Chaudron and Champlain sectors with the top of the hill called Theurot de la Wivre (793 m), which was researched by the team led by Thierry Luginbühl (Guichard 2007, 26, 27). The study presented here is preliminary in nature and is based mainly on data collected in the years 2013–2019 (Fig. 2). Regarding the slope of the Champlain sector, five wide terraces were identified (Fig. 3). These units have only been partially uncovered, as their edges are usually located outside the excavation boundaries. Within the terraces, several phases of settlement were identified. There is a sequence involving the formation of the terraces and adjustments based on creating flattened areas, as well as a sequence of settlement phases of the researched area. It has been possible to document the chronological relationships between individual structures on the discussed terraces. In specific cases, the construction extended over two neighbouring terraces (neighbouring terraces were linked structurally). It seems there was no fixed rhythm of changes in the phases of settlement, therefore we cannot precisely synchronize all transitions in the use of the terraces. However, it is very likely that some building phases on the successive terraces are to a significant degree contemporary with each other. Despite the relatively poor state of preservation of immovable features recorded on the Champlain slope and the few clear stratigraphic relationships, the features documented between 2013 and 2019 can be linked with three successive stages of occupation, ranging from LT D2b phase to the middle period of Augustus’s reign (Figs. 13–16). The research in the Champlain sector has not been completed yet. The conclusion of the fieldwork is planned for 2025.