Słowo. Studia językoznawcze nr 12/2021

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttp://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/7690

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Operator tematyczny jako wobec jego historycznej funkcji porównawczej
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Kleszczowa, Krystyna
The article discusses the inspirations which linguistics may draw from the semantic-syntactic research trend in the modern language. Obviously it explores only a model and a point of reference, for it is impossible to faithfully transfer methods used by synchronic linguistics to the study of historical material. This year saw the publication of Magdalena Danielewiczowa’s work entitled „Aspekt tematyczny w strukturze informacyjnej wypowiedzi. Rozszerzanie i integracja wiedzy” [“The Thematic Aspect in the Informational Structure of Utterances. How Knowledge is Made Broader and Integral”], whose author suggests that the thematic-rhematic structure should be extended to cover expressions which indicate the aspect which is expressed by the theme – we are dealing with the exponents of the thematic aspect (thematisers). A thematiser, which in reference to the Polish language Magdalena Danielewiczowa posits in the first place, is jako, a functional expression which historically occupied the first place among the exponents of comparison. Which elements are shared by jako in both functions? In typical comparative constructions (gradational and non-gradational ones) we compare two objects, A and B, and we compare them in reference to some property (Z). In a construction in which jako performs the function of a thematiser, we characterise A (theme) in order to say something about A in comparison to itself (A1), although in a different role; obviously we do this also due to the property Z: Jan (A) jako urzędnik (Z) jest skrupulatny, ale poza urzędem Jan (A1) jest strasznym bałaganiarzem. [Jan (A) is diligent as an employee (Z), but outside his office-related work Jan (A1) is a terribly messy person.] In both cases we may speak about characterisation, on the one hand by means of seeking a similarity between A and B, and, on the other hand, by means of attributing some property to A. In the further part of her discussion, the author attempts to explain why the comparative jako was transformed into jak (the disappearance of ~o), and how jako in turn, prevailed, in the function of a thematiser, in the competition with other functors.
Mikrotoponimy Beskidu Niskiego jako symptomy pogranicza
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Słabczyński, Robert
This paper describes the microtoponyms of the south-eastern part of the Beskid Niski region, which before World War II was inhabited mainly by Lemkos and Poles. In spite of the fact that the examined area lies on the border of Poland and Slovakia, in this paper it is treated as an internal borderland, mainly between a nation (Poles) and an ethnic community that is not a nation (Lemkos). The microtoponyms collected during the research are interpreted as linguistic signs revealing phenomena and processes connected with the coexistence of groups of people who differ in language, culture and religion. In this paper selected issues concerning microtoponyms as symptoms of ethno-linguistic, religious and socio-cultural borderlands are discussed successively.
Bibliografia prac prof. dr hab. Barbary Greszczuk
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Gotkowska, Ewa
El concepto de cambio en el discurso político en Twitter: el caso de Ciudadanos durante las Elecciones generales de 2016
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Wiśniewska, Natalia
Spanish political discourse has already been studied in numerous investigations from different linguistic perspectives, but it continues to be an area that arouses interest among linguists. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the political discourse carried out by the Spanish party Ciudadanos on Twitter. In particular, we aim to find out how some of the linguistic argumentation mechanisms were used before the 2016 General Elections in Spain. Specifically, we will focus on analyzing evaluative language, operators, and argumentative connectors, considering the concepts of argumentation theory in language (Anscombre and Ducrot, 1994; Portolés 1998, 2001, 2004; Fuentes Rodríguez and Alcaide Lara, 2007) and the typology of axiological language (Puzynina 1992).
Pachnące cynamonem #keto #ciasteczka polecają się na #Święta :D. Środki perswazji w profilu kulinarnym (@moderncavegirl)
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Drozd, Barbara
The purpose of this article is a linguistic analysis of the blog entries under the photos posted on the @moderncavegirl profile, which is related to the ketogenic diet. The author also has a blog: moderncavegirl.pl, where she publishes her recipes. Instagram plays the role of promoting the blog. Due to the fact that the blog entries concern food, it will be important to determine how the author promotes her blog, what linguistic means she uses for this, how she writes about food to encourage people to reach for the recipe and make us of it. The aforementioned linguistic means or constructions can be divided into those that are used to promote a blog directly or indirectly. Direct promotion of a blog applies to those constructions that are explicit incentives to visit it or that inform the recipient that the recipe can already be found on the website. Indirect promotion of the blog is related to persuasive linguistic constructions.
Ocena przydatności narzędzia badawczego na podstawie studium przypadku dziecka bilingwalnego w ujęciu logopedycznym
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Myśliwiec, Iwona
The aim of this paper is to introduce, analyze, and discuss the Language Development Test (LDT) as a tool for examining bilingual children. The research was based on a case study of a boy who was at the stage of acquiring Polish as an L2. The obtained test result differs significantly from the opinion of the Polish language teacher and speech therapist who cooperated with the boy from the moment of his arrival in Poland to the time of the final examination. Alex’s score on the Language Development Test (TRJ) corresponds to the third level. In reality, however, the boy mastered the language well enough to begin his education in a Polish school, keeping up with his Polish peers in acquiring knowledge and expanding his linguistic competence. This demonstrates the lack of valid tools for examining bilingual and multilingual children. Standards for these groups should be developed separately.
Anny Świrszczyńskiej anegdota o przemijaniu. Konceptualizacja upływu czasu w języku poezji
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Fert-Cichecka, Elżbieta
This article has presented the methods for conceptualization of passage of time in the poetry by a Polish poetess – Anna Świrczyńska. The poetess depicts the process of aging from the individual and personal perspective. She highlights the nontraditional ways of how women’s aging is perceived. The analysis of Świrczyńska’s poetic works has been conducted with linguistic methods based on cognitivism (profiling) and structuralism. In Anna Świrczyńska’s poems, time and passing are one of the elements of life. Thus, apart from negative evaluation, they are subject to positive valorization.
O zagadkowej nazwie osobowej: Mazalon
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Czaplicka-Jedlikowska, Maria
The article and its graphic attempts to establish the origin of the personal name Masalon [a German citizen] and a graphic version of Mazalon [a Polish citizen], which for people signing with this surname is still a mystery. The bearers of this surname look for traces of traces of the origin of the root maz- as an appellative basis for the personal name Mazalon in the dictionaries of Polish and other European languages, because they want to establish the linguistic origin of their surname and the place on the map associated with their roots. The article discusses several paths of such searches and deliberations on the recorded forms.
Bo jak żyć i nie mówić. Fenomen izolacji społecznej i komunikacyjnej w powieści „Kamień na kamieniu” Wiesława Myśliwskiego
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Kominek, Andrzej
One of the protagonists of the novel “Stone Upon Stone” by Wiesław Myśliwski is Michał Pietruszka. After the dramatic end of his career, Michał returns to the village where he once lived. He becomes nobody due to a mental illness and the loss of social position. He stops talking and communicating with the outside world. The article aims to show that language helps to merge the human self. Besides language, man is nobody and does not exist.
O sposobach przedstawiania pojęć matematycznych w komunikacji specjalistycznej na przykładzie całki
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Mikołajczyk, Magdalena
The paper deals with the problem of various ways of representing concepts in specialist communication. In specialist communication in the field of mathematics we are dealing with a situation in which the concepts which are the basis of specialist knowledge are abstract. Therefore, in communication with the recipient, the problem of their representation arises. It turns out that they can be represented in a number of ways not seen outside the field of this science. In turn, the very choice of concrete representations may seem to be closely related to the communicative situation. Consequently, communication in mathematics turns out to be very complex in terms of the medium used to express content. This is because it can be represented by a word, a phrase or a metaphor, as well as by a symbol, a longer symbolic notation, or even a drawing. Such a wide range of various representations is a peculiar phenomenon in terminology, which is an important part of specialist communication, because it expands the understanding of a term as a sign, especially a linguistic one, with new, often non-literal material. The research touches upon an important problem of what unusual means a sender of a specialist text may use to present a term. The research material consists of popular representations of integrals, appearing in mathematical texts of varying levels of specialisation.
Malowana, glazurowana, polewana, siwa… Językowe i estetyczno-artystyczne wyróżniki ozdobnej ceramiki rzeszowskiej (na podstawie wybranych etnograficznych opracowań popularnonaukowych)
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Węgorowska, Katarzyna
Decorative pottery and derived from it decorative ceramic are firmly interwoven with Polish folk culture. The article discusses linguistic and artistic distinguishing features of ceramic created in the Rzeszów region. It describes specialist vocabulary related to pottery and ceramic preserved in four popular science ethnographic studies (such as names of various kinds of ceramic, vessels, materials, thechniques, activities, performers of the activities, decorative motives and pottery centers). The characterized lexis permitted to reconstruct the facts connceted with the traditional handicraft representative of old and contemporary Subcarpathian heritage.
Krytyk i/a recenzent – znaczenie pojęć w słowniku i w tekście
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Krauz, Maria
The subject of the article is to discuss the evolution of the meaning of terms that are part of the critical discourse: critic and reviewer. The author, analyzing the lexicographic definitions from older and contemporary sources, and the use of the discussed lexemes, collected primarily in the resources of the National Corpus of the Polish Language, looks for answers to the questions of whether critic and reviewer are synonymous terms, how their meaning evolves in dictionaries and in the text, in which new contexts: whether the subject of the review changes, what characteristics the person evaluating someone or something has, and what actions are taken by critics and reviewers.
Wspomnienie jest formą spotkania (Khalil Gibran). Prof. dr hab. Barbara Greszczuk (1950–2021)
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Myszka, Agnieszka
Pogranicze językowe i kulturowe w nieoficjalnym nazewnictwie powiatu jarosławskiego w województwie podkarpackim
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Oronowicz-Kida, Ewa
The purpose of the article is to present the linguistic and cultural borderland in unofficial anthroponyms and microtoponyms from the district of Jarosław, whose eastern border largely coincides with the border of Poland and Ukraine. Borderland means the sphere of contact and coexistence of various phenomena on the border of geographical neighborhood, but also on the level of language and cultural properties as well as the linguistic and civilizational awareness of the inhabitants of a given area. The analyzed names are characterized by East Slavic and South-East borderlands’ influences, visible mainly in the field of phonetics and word formation, making these names broadly understood linguistic hybrids, i.e. linguistic forms combining phonetic and morphological elements of different languages. The best persistent East Slavic linguistic features in both unofficial anthroponyms and microtoponyms are phonetic properties in the form of g and h pleophony and substitutions, and hybrid derivatives. The constant presence of Ukrainian and South-East borderlands’ lexis and words semantically related to East Slavic cultural and religious realities also deserves attention. All this testifies to the ethnic, social and cultural roots of people living in this borderland.
Styl religijny we współczesnych tekstach modlitewnych – analizy egzemplaryczne
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Wojtak, Maria
The article presents a characteristics of the religious style as a variety of modern Polish. This style is shown as a polarized and polymorphic category, open to other varieties of the language. In the analytical part the author focuses on description of those features of the religious style that are a continuation of the past. She shows such stylistic properties in the prayer texts as stereotyping, formulaicity, hieraticism and dialogicality, as promoted by the Catholic Church today (in the 21st century). Grammatical and lexical exponents of these features, i.e. forms treated as archaic, bookish and obsolete distance communication thus formed from the colloquial language.
Kilka uwag o języku liturgii
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Ożóg, Kazimierz
Every human action in the dimension of the person and group is surrounded by language. The rule of being in a word also applies to religion and especially to the relationships of man and community with God. The article analyses the fundamental role of language in the liturgy of the Catholic Church. In the author’s view the great communication act defining liturgical events consists of a series of mocro-acts: worship, prayer, thanksgiving, repentance and theological statement. Liturgy is a great character behavior. The shape of liturgical formulas is logical, transparent, representing mainly the high variety of Polish.
XXII Międzynarodowa i Ogólnopolska Konferencja Onomastyczna (Rzeszów, 14–16 października 2021 roku)
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Zawadzka, Dominika; Mika, Justyna
„Biblia Paulińska” (2008) wobec tradycji polskich (katolickich) przekładów Pisma świętego
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Matuszczyk-Podgórska, Bożena
The aim of the paper is to illustrate translators’ strategies adopted for rendering in Polish the so-called Pauline Bible, the latest (2008) Catholic version of the original Script. This translation is a response to the challenges posed by contemporary culture; it is meant to convey Biblical ideas in language appealing to the cntemporary recipient. At the same time, the translators and editors engaged in this task had to take into account the deeply rooted in the Polish culture traditions of translating the Bible and rendering its message: 1) the tradition of faithful philological translation, 2) the tradition of the Polish Biblical translation style (established by the Rev. Jakub Wujek), 3) the tradition of the Millennium Bible (1965). The author uses selected samples to illustrate how the Pauline Bible, departing from the method of literal translation, manifested in, e.g., reflecting Semitisms, does not abandon the principle of fidelity and remains consitent with the idiosyncrasies of the Polish Biblical style. This is in accordance with the overall intention to reconcile fidelity with comprehensibility. The paper is an introduction to further research into issues involved in the said translation.
Zanikanie liczebników zbiorowych jako świadectwo przemian społeczno-kulturowych (na przykładzie języka uczniów)
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Markiewicz, Maciej
This paper consists of two parts – theoretical one and analytic one. In the first part the socio-cultural background of changes taking place in the Polish language during several dozen years was drawn and the subclass of collective numerals was characterized taking into account inflection, semantics and syntax. In the second part, the results of the survey conducted among students were presented. Its aim was to explore the competition of using collective numerals among the young generation of users of the Polish language. The analysis of the data collected allowed to draw a conclusion that collective numerals are a disappearing group of words. What is more, the users of the Polish language create many ways of avoiding the use of collective numerals, such as: using nouns derived from numerals (e.g. trójka), using analytical constructions (e.g. dwie pary spodni), replacing collective numerals by cardinal numerals or using nouns which do not connect with collective numerals.
Nazwy trumien w polskich zakładach pogrzebowych
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Serafin-Wicher, Aleksandra
The aim of the article is to analyze semantic names of coffins. Onomastic material includes 102 names taken from the funeral home web pages and from the survey that was carried out by people working in funeral industry. The collected material comes from the period 2019–2022. The analyzed names of coffins were classified into 12 meaning groups. Out of them the most popular are the names originating from mythology, e.g. “Trumna Hades”, shape of the products, e.g. “Trumna Łodka” or even from particular countries, e.g. “Trumna Amerykanka” that were created through the process of transonimisation or onimisation. In article the author tries to create a typology of the coffin names that were produced in Poland.

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