O nieznanych i mało znanych znaleziskach szpil z główką w kształcie tarczki spiralnej z terenu Lubelszczyzny

Ze względu na fakt, że szpile z główkami w formie tarczki spiralnej (tarczek spiralnych) to na Lubelszczyźnie znaleziska rzadkie i pozyskane bez kontekstu, trudno jest się wypowiadać na temat zasięgu ich występowania oraz ustalać datowanie. Jedynie w przypadku znalezisk z Gródka, stan. 1D, Lubartowa – dzielnica Jacek i Kolemczyc możemy przypuszczać, że pochodzą z wczesnej epoki żelaza, z ostrożnym wskazaniem na młodszy odcinek tego wycinka pradziejów.

In the Lublin region, pins form are relatively numerous (though not the most numerous) group of ornaments from the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. These artifacts vary in size and the shape of their heads. They were made of bronze and iron. They were very rarely recorded in assemblages (graves) or outside of features (in the cemetery and settlement areas), and the vast majority are entirely contextless finds. Extremely rare pins in the Lublin region include, for example, items with a spiral disc-shaped head. Almost all of these are so-called stray finds. Only one such pin was discovered on the surface of a settlement. The impulse for writing this short text was the discovery of a collection of ornaments from the younger period of the Early Iron Age (HaD), recently made in Czernięcin Poduchowny, Turobin commune, Biłgoraj district. This discovery, already announced in popular-science publications, the press, and in social media, will soon become the subject of analysis and separate study. It is worth noting that this hoard, alongside massive ring-shaped ornaments (artefacts relatively well known and researched for the Lublin region) it included two pins with spiral disc-shaped heads. There is no information about such objects in the context of other metal discoveries from this territory. Apart from the aforementioned hoard from Czernięcin Poduchowny, pins with spiral disc-shaped heads have been found without context in four locations in the Lublin region (with varying degrees of location accuracy), as well as in two unknown places in this territory. Some of these artifacts are not yet known to archaeologists. Several pins have already appeared in publications, but within a limited scope. Therefore, it is worth recalling them here. Pins with a single spiral disc-shaped head have been found in two unknown locations in the Lublin region (Fig. 1:1,2), in Gródek, site 1D (Fig. 2:1), in Gródek at an unmarked site (Fig. 2:2,3), and in Lubartów-Jacek (Fig. 3:1,2). The only pin with a head formed of two spiral discs comes from Kolemczyce (Fig. 4). Pins with a single spiral disc-shaped head are ornaments widespread in broad territorial and chronological frameworks, and should be dated according to the context in which they were found. They constituted a popular part of burial equipment and they also appeared in hoards – e.g., in the Early Iron Age, they sometimes formed part of larger sets of ornaments, which included necklaces, armlets, bracelets, or other decorations. This pattern was made in both bronze and iron, and particularly numerous examples have been provided by cemeteries of the Lusatian culture. Two pins from unknown locations in the Lublin region, as well as the item from an unmarked site in Gródek, are difficult to definitively place in time. The remaining items can probably be linked to the Early Iron Age. Of particular note here is the partially twisted pin with a single disc from Lubartów-Jacek, as well as the item with two discs from Kolemczyce. Due to the fact that pins with spiral disc-shaped heads (or heads with more than one spiral disc) are rare and contextless finds in the Lublin region, it is difficult to discuss the range of their occurrence or establish detailed dating. Only in the case of finds from Gródek site 1D, Lubartów-Jacek, and Kolemczyce it is possible to presume that they come from the Early Iron Age, with a guarded indication towards the later part of this prehistoric period.