Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia

URI dla tego Zbioruhttp://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/212

"Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia" to czasopismo wydawane wspólnie przez Instytut Archeologii UR oraz Fundację Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego. Prezentuje różnorakie zagadnienia z zakresu archeologii i pokrewnych jej dziedzin nauki oraz recenzje i polemiki.

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Aktualnie wyświetlane 1 - 20 z 253

A Child’s Grave Robe from the Northern Crypt of St Anne’s Church in Konotop, Lubuskie Province, Poland
(the Authors, 2022-12) Grupa, Małgorzata; Jasiak, Krzysztof; Grupa, Dawid; Nalaskowski, Filip
An ossuary was found in a brass sarcophagus, dated to 1720 based on a medallion. The archaeological material was mixed with rubbish and sand. Inside the sarcophagus, the remains of both adults and children were discovered. These are believed to be members of the von Kottwitz family, former owners of Konotop. The separation of the material into different types of cloth was quite painstaking and lengthy. Only one of the grave robes has survived in an almost intact condition. It was a simple grave robe without a back. During the analysis of the skeletal remains, it was matched to the red stained skeleton of an infant.
A Contribution to the Study of Traces of Psychotropic Substances Inside Miniature Vessels and Collared Flasks of the Eneolithic Funnel Beaker culture (FBC) from Poland
(the Authors, 2023-12-29) Taras, Halina; Zakościelna, Anna; Osak, Marcin; Buszewicz, Grzegorz; Teresiński, Grzegorz
The text presents the results of laboratory analyses conducted on vegetal intoxicating substances identified on the walls of selected pottery forms discovered at Polish sites attributed to the south-eastern group of the FBC. The samples taken from miniature vessels and collared flasks were examined using the GC-MS/MS method (triple quadrupole) and then the reference method LC-MS/MS (linear ion trap). As a result of the research, psychotropic substances were identified in four samples: papaverine, scopolamine and atropine.
A Cucuteni-Vădastra Type Dagger from Site 26 at Strzyżów (S-E Poland) Attests to the Intercultural Landscape of the Eneolithic Eastern Carpathians
(the Authors, 2023-12-29) Zakościelna, Anna; Adamczak, Kamil; Garbacz-Klempka, Aldona; Kowalski, Łukasz
In the mid-1990s, a copper dagger of the Cucuteni-Vădastra type was found in the Lublin-Volhynian culture cemetery at Strzyżów, south-eastern Poland. The dagger was customized as a pendant and deposited in an inhumation burial that contained the remains of an adult male and over ten other grave offerings dating to the 2nd quarter of the 4th millennium BC. This paper presents the results of archaeological and metallographic examinations of the dagger from Strzyżów and relates them to a wider cultural context of the region. The results of our study show that the dagger has no signs of use-wear, and furthermore indicate that the metal used for its production is fahlore copper which could have been sourced from the Slovak Ore Mountains. The two other Cucuteni-Vădastra type daggers that were discovered in the vicinity of Strzyżów mark the Western Volhynian Upland as a distinct cluster of the Cucuteni-Vădastra dagger industry in Europe. Furthermore, the daggers from Poland evidence a close relationship between the Lublin-Volhynian culture and the Cucuteni-Tripillia complex and attest to the intercultural landscape of the Eastern Carpathians region during the Eneolithic
A Double Child Coffin from the Southern Crypt of the Holy Trinity Church in Radzyń Podlaski (19th Century)
(the Authors, 2022-12) Dabralet, Igor; Michalik, Jakub; Grupa, Małgorzata; Gałka, Barbara
The lives of children in the past were both ephemeral and fragile. The birth of a child, although expected and prayed for, was inevitably connected with the fear of death of both the mother and child, and every childbirth was a kind of a challenge. Unfortunately, in many cases, it finished with death during the delivery or just after. Surviving childhood safely was a constant struggle for the smaller members of a community. This information is evidenced during archaeological explorations of churches and burial grounds. No matter whether they were rich or poor, death took its toll on every social group. There was only the difference in the way of burial ceremony and accessories attributed to it. Some of the child burials were comparable with the richest burials of adults. One of them, a burial in a double coffin, attracted archaeologists’ attention at the very beginning of exploration in Radzyń Podlaski. A child burial in a double coffin can be classified as a unique find, not only in the area of Poland but also in Europe.
A Few Remarks on the Chronology and Periodization in Archaeology
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2016) Gediga, Bogusław
The issue of chronology and periodization has been a concern not only for the world of Polish archaeology, and it has never ceased to be a current problem. Both of these terms are generally interchangeable and refer mainly to the chronology, or strictly dating the prehistory sequence, for which there are no written records in which we would have absolute dates of particular events. The range of chronological issues was synthetically presented in the entry “Chronology (Chronologie)” in volumes of “Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde”. The achievement made by Ch. J. Thomson, in the form of distinguishing three-age system, was the first attempt to divide the prehistory, not only according to the time sequence, but to show the changes in the culture depiction and thus the periodization of history. However, this technological and raw material criterion is undermined. In Polish archaeological literature the three-age system became the subject of lively discussion in the post-war years, which was linked with ideological changes. At present, these attempts should be made again from the periodization of particular elements of culture, and at a later stage an attempt to synchronize the obtained effects should be made and construct an overall picture of the periodization of prehistory and culture of prehistoric societies.
A Few Remarks on the Presence of Wood in Funeral Rites of the Lusatian Cultural in the Lublin Region
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2016) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
In the Early Iron Age, there were burial cemeteries (Bliskowice, Krupy, Lublin-Jakubowice Murowane) in the Lublin region where wooden chests/sarcophagi were built, probably as family graves. These cemeteries were arranged in order: rows of graves were running along the E-W axis, and each chest was located along the S-N axis. The dead, equipped with vessels and animal food, were burnt together with the chest. This custom refers to the burial rite performed by the population of the Western-Podolian Scythian culture. Previously, in the Bronze Age, population of the Lusatian culture used wood during funerary rites, but to a lesser extent (palisades and fences).
A Grave from Nezabylice, Chomutov District. On the Phenomenon of Inhumation in Stage B1 of the Early Roman Period in Bohemia
(the Authors, 2023-12-29) Hlavová, Jana Kuljavceva; Kuljavceva Hlavová, Jana; Ondráčková, Lenka; Černochová, Radka; Křivánek, Roman; Radoň, Miroslav; Půlpán, Marek
The article describes the discovery of a skeletal grave in 2015 in Nezabylice (NW Bohemia, Chomutov district) at a cremation burial ground, which was dated to stage B1 of the early Roman period according to characteristic metal objects. Today, only four dozen similarly dated skeletal graves are registered in Bohemia, which, together with the early date of acquisition, makes them one of the rarest and most difficult to recognize archaeological monuments in this area. In the given situation, every recently researched skeleton grave from the early Roman period brings a wealth of new and important information about this distinctive phenomenon of burial rite among the Elbe-Germanic tribes.
“A House for the Dead” or a Cremation Pyre? The Interpretation of Grave No. 10 Discovered in the Globular Amphora Culture Cemetery in Sadowie in the Sandomierz Upland
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2024-12) Pasterkiewicz, Wojciech
The subject of this study is grave no. 10 of the Globular Amphora Culture discovered in cemetery no. 23 in Sadowie near Opatów, in the Sandomierz Upland. Based on observations made during fieldwork as well as analyses of documentation, it was determined that the feature had two stages of use. The first was as an above-ground structure like a house for the dead, in which human corpses were placed for skeletonization. The second one concerned rites during which a cremation pyre was erected and human remains and grave goods were cremated. So far, there are only a few analogies for the aforementioned feature from close-range cultural circles which developed in a similar time horizon (including the Havelian culture, the circle of the Corded Ware Culture).
A Medieval Ships Crew and their Weapon: from Archaeological Material to Interpretations
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Valentyrova, Kateryna
Comprehensive research of artefacts has become the norm for modern archaeology. Archaeologist must pay attention to all aspects of the investigating problem and analyze material by means of methods from different branches of science. The Center for Underwater Archaeology of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv have been researching finds from a medieval Italian shipwreck since 1999, with a very interesting group of artefacts consisting of baselard type daggers. At the stage of interpretation, we decided to use methods which are characteristic of historical science, with a reconstruction of medieval people’s` perceptions of baselards forming the basis for it. The combination of data about the material object itself and its image (the concept of it) turned out to be useful for ensuring a clear interpretation of archaeological finds and even for the verification of some social reconstructions.
A Preliminary Report on a Search for Artefacts and Verification Excavations Conducted within the Limits of the Old Village of Trójca in 2020 and 2021
(the Authors, 2022-12) Florek, Marek
In 2020–2021, within the limits of Trójca – a medieval village located near a ford on the Vistula River that is today part of Zawichost – artefacts were sought with the use of metal detectors. Next, a survey excavation was conducted, resulting in the discovery of e.g. two silver hoards from the 11th and 12th c., single coins from the 11th–12th c. (over 140 specimens) and from later times, merchant’s weights, adornments, minor devotional articles and military accessories (especially from the 11th–13th c.) and many other artefacts. Their discovery makes us suspect that Trójca was one of the most important supralocal trade centres of Lesser Poland in the early Middle Ages. The conducted excavations and research are only the first stage for future archaeological prospections to be conducted in Trójca and will be continued in the years to come.
A Surprise from the East. A Quiver or Bowcase Loop from the Ancillary Settlement in Gdańsk
(the Authors, 2023-12-29) Janowski, Andrzej
Archaeological explorations carried out between Tartaczna and Panieńska streets in Gdańsk has provided a wealth of movable historical artefacts. One of them is a quiver/bowcase loop made of antler. The article discusses typological classification, comparative analysis, dating and ethnocultural characteristics of the artefact. Antler and iron elements of quivers and bowcases are very rare in Poland and all of them are considered to be elements of foreign culture: Rus’ or Hungarian.
About the Chronology of the Beginning of the Metal Ages
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2016) Kadrow, Sławomir
This article discusses the cases of the Bayesian analysis of series of AMS radiocarbon indications that modify our knowledge of the relative and absolute chronology of the Copper Age in the Great Hungarian Plain and the beginning of the Bronze Age in southern Germany and Central Europe. The results of relevant analyses have been reported as well as their importance for better understanding of the determinants of chronological and periodization patterns has been commented.
Absolute Chronology of the Komarów Culture in the Upper Dniester Basin in Light of Research at the Bukivna Cemetery
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2016) Makarowicz, Przemysław; Cwaliński, Mateusz; Romaniszyn, Jan
The purpose of this article is to specify the absolute chronology of the Komarów culture in the Upper Dniester basin on the basis of the analysis of research results concerning barrows in Bukivna, Ivano-Frankivsk region. Statistical methods – seriation and correspondence analysis – have been used for this purpose. Thanks to the capabilities of Oxcal v. 4.2.5 calibration program, a series of radiocarbon dates for six barrows was interpreted. The sequence (succession) of construction of the excavated mounds and the time periods in which they were built were determined. Within the first group of monuments they were erected every few dozens of years. The construction period in this group can be estimated (95.4%) for a maximum of 275 years (1826–1551 BC) and with a high probability (68.2%) for 132 years (1756–1624 BC). On the basis of the findings of the Bukivna necropolis, it is to be expected that the Komarów culture community of the Upper Dniester buried their dead in the mounds for 200–300 years, i.e. for a shorter period of time than it was previously assumed.
Aerial Surveys of the Earthwork Castle in Czermno. Preliminary Interpretations and Reconstructions of the Early Medieval Elements of the Settlement Complex
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2010) Poznański, Marek
Author explores the possibilities of aerial survey over the Early Medieval settlement complex, including castle at Czermno on the Polish-Ukrainian border. Aerial investigations allowed to detect moats and ditches, jetty, earthwork castle buildings, dwellings on the suburb, roads, piers and other constructions. Now it is possible to integrate historical data, results of excavations and mentioned aerial survey into a reconstructed picture of Cherven/Czerwień, presumed capital of Rotburgenland.
Airborne Laser Scanning and 20th Century Military Heritage in the Woodlands
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2017) Kobiałka, Dawid
This paper discusses recent advancements in the context of modern conflict archaeology in the woodlands. One aspect of this development of archaeological research is a broad use and application of airborne laser scanning (ALS). Material remains of a forced labour camp and munitions depot in the forests around Gutowiec (Poland) known as Guttowitz 35 are used as a case study. After approaching prisoners’ memories concerning the site, the results of ALS combined with the outcomes of fieldwalking at the site are presented. This article tries to back up the following thesis: due to applications of non-invasive methods (e.g. ALS, fieldwalking), archaeology is able to offer a deeper understanding and contextualization of such sites as Guttowiec 35: a fresh insight into the materiality of conflict landscapes from the recent past in the woodlands.
An anthropological analysis of a skeleton from the Lublin-Wołyń culture grave in Książnice, site 2, Pacanów commune, Świętokrzyskie province
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2014) Szczepanek, Anita
The paper presents an anthropological analysis of a skeleton from the Lublin-Volhynia culture grave – item 3/08. The skeleton was severely secondarily damaged. The preserved elements allow to determine that the bones belonged to an adult female individual of about 144–149 cm stature intra vitam.
An elite burial from the Copper Age: Grave 8 at the cemetery of the Lublin-Volhynian culture at Site 2 in Książnice, Świętokrzyskie Province
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2014) Wilk, Stanisław
The paper describes an inhumation burial (Grave 8) discovered at the cemetery of the Lublin-Volhynian culture at Site 2 in Książnice, Świętokrzyskie Province, in August 2008. A skeleton of an adultus woman, lying in a flexed position on the left side, with the skull directed towards the south, was discovered at the depth of 55–60 cm in a partly destroyed rectangular burial pit. The unusually rich grave goods consisted of ten ornaments made from copper wire (two necklaces with spectacle-shaped pendants, two bracelets, two earrings and two rings), a chocolate flint retouched blade and a blade, as well as fragments of two clay vessels: a pear-shaped amphora and a pear-shaped goblet. The analysed burial is a perfect example of changes taking place in the social structure of the younger Danubian cultures at the turn of the 5th and the 4th millennia BC. It shows that the elite controlling trade exchange and the distribution of prestige objects in the Lublin-Volhynian culture included also women of high social standing.
An interview of Jadwiga Teodorowicz-Czerepińska (J.T.Cz.) by Dr Jan Gurba (J.G.)
(Institute of Archaeology Rzeszów University, 2012) Gurba, Jan
Analysis of Glass Beads from the Graves of the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian Culture in Jasionka and Grodzisko Dolne Employing the X-ray Fluorescence Method
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2007) Samek, Lucyna; Karwowski, Maciej; Czopek, Sylwester; Ostachowicz, Jerzy; Stęgowski, Zdzisław
Animal bone material from Lublin-Volhynia Grave 8 at Site 2 in Książnice, Pacanów commune, Świętokrzyskie Province
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2014) Makowicz-Poliszot, Danuta
The article presents the results of zoological analysis of animal bones (45 pieces) from Grave 8 (Feature 3/08, the Lublin-Volhynia culture) discovered in 2008 in Książnice, Site 2. The identified remains (25 pieces) come from goats/sheep Capra hircus L./Ovis aries L. (Table 1).

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