European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.16, z. 4 (2018)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttp://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/4493

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Influence of food-derived advanced glycation end products on health
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Galiniak, Sabina; Biesiadecki, Marek
Introduction. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are compounds formed endogenously in the human body. Besides this source of AGEs, they also exist in food and can be generated during cooking. Enhanced endogenous generation and intake of dietary AGEs have physiological impact on human health and are associated with progression of many diseases, including diabetes and its complications. Aim. The purpose of this review is to the present the current state of knowledge about the various negative effects of advanced glycation end products on human health. Materials and methods. This study is based on analysis of literature reporting the content of AGEs in food and high or low AGEs dietary interventions in human and animal subjects. Results. Literature data present databases gathering description of AGEs determinations in various types of food. Conclusions. Excessive consumption of AGEs-rich products, especially abundant in protein and fat or cooked for a long time at high temperature, may contribute to the deterioration of human health, including development of hypertension, insulin resistance, and diabetic complications.
Receiver operating characteristic analysis of the FeNO biomarker in the diagnosis of asthma
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Biesiadecki, Marek; Galiniak, Sabina; Bartusik-Aebisher, Dorota; Aebisher, David
Introduction. The fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is used as a non-invasive biomarker that reflects inflammation in the airways. It is so versatile that it used to control asthma severity as well as to monitor response to treatment. However, the exact cut-off point of the nitric oxide level which allows one to make a precise diagnosis of asthma is unclear. Aim. To examine the possibility of using advanced statistical methods such as receiver operating characteristic for the analysis of FeNO concentrations for improving the diagnosis of asthma. Materials and methods. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used for analyzing results to determine levels of nitric oxide which may be a prognostic indicator of asthma. The studied group consisted of 111 children including 69 asthmatic patients, and 42 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide was conducted in all subjects included in this study. Results. FeNO level was higher in asthmatic patients. The analysis of results showed that the cut-off point for the FeNO concentration is 11.5 ppb. Sensitivity and specificity with the FeNO level allowed us to determine a value of the diagnostic variable of FeNO concentration of 14.0 ppb. A comparison of FeNO level and sex of the subjects showed there is no correlation between these parameters of patients. Conclusions. Currently, the FeNO measurement provides complementary data in the care of a patient suffering from asthma, however analysis of more studies on a larger group of patients is needed.
The effect of alcohol on neuroglia in the developing brain and in adults
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Krawczyk-Marć, Izabela; Galiniak, Sabina; Sęk-Mastej, Anna; Marć, Mateusz; Orkisz, Stanisław; Wawrzyniak, Agata
Introduction. During puberty, the young body undergoes transformation not only within the reproductive and hormonal systems, but also significant changes in the central nervous system (CNS). Matured neural connections improve the integration of distant brain regions, the plasticity of neurons increases, and thus specialization of the brain occurs in the performance of specific tasks. During these transformations, both neurons and the accompanying neuroglia are sensitive to all toxic factors, among which ethanol occupies a special place. It causes an increase in the activity of glial cells, which by directing pro-inflammatory cytokines directly contribute to the death of apoptotic neurons. A long-lasting and irreversible impairment of brain function, especially in the hippocampus occurs as a result of alcohol abuse during the period of development. Aim. This paper presents an overview of current knowledge about the effects of alcohol on neuroglia in the developing brain and in adults. Materials and methods. The literature review of the following databases has been conducted: EBSCO, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link. Conclusions. The results of alcohol research have shown that it affects the neurotransmission and fluidity of cell membranes, changing the activity of neurons. By binding to GABA receptor (GABA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDA receptor for glutamate), ethanol suppresses brain function. In addition to increased sensitivity and susceptibility to the addictive effects of ethanol, the neurogeneration activity is intensified followed by the induction and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which in the first stage disrupt the cortical function hindering logical thinking and disrupting the limbic system, directly affecting the memory and learning processes. Next, the cerebellum is attacked, which results in the impairment of balance and motor coordination, and consequently acts on the brain stem, directly affecting the respiratory and circulatory control centers.

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Przeglądanie European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.16, z. 4 (2018) według Autor "Galiniak, Sabina"