Studia Anglica Resoviensia T. 21 (2024)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttps://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/11198

Przeglądaj

Aktualnie wyświetlane 1 - 11 z 11

“It’s not the lie that bothers me, it’s the insult to my intelligence that I find offensive”: An investigation into the use of lies and insults in political discourse during the 2024 UK General Election on the basis of the BBC 7-party debate
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Trinder, Donald
In the mid 2010s political discourse was subject to a downward spiral as lies and insults have become prevalent firstly as a consequence of the Brexit Referendum in the UK and then the election of Donald Trump as President of the USA. This spiral in the UK theoretically came to an end with the demise of Boris Johnson as Prime Minister, and the return to ‘grown up’ politics promised by Rishi Sunak and Jeremy Hunt among others. Thus, the 2024 UK General Election seemed to offer the perfect opportunity to assess the extent to which the dishonesty and insult that characterised the populist Johnson’s premiership had fallen out of fashion. The paper analyses the BBC’s seven-party debate, which took place on June 7th, 2024, using the methodology of political discourse analysis to investigate the extent to which representatives of the seven main parties competing in the election campaign were prepared to resort to lies and insult as part of their rhetorical arsenal. The results indicate that the Conservatives and Remain were particularly prone to the deployment of both lies and insults, but, somewhat surprisingly, the Scottish National Party were equally liable to slip in the odd embellishment of the truth.
Sex and gender representation in translation: Unveiling the complications
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Osuchowska, Dorota
The paper discusses a number of difficulties connected with translating gendered vocabulary which, for the limited purpose of this discussion, is understood as either vocabulary that allows the translator to identify the sex of a referent or all other vocabulary that, in one way or another, relates to gender as a cultural concept. The presentation, based on students’ translations as well as authentic examples from contemporary literature collected by the author, is primarily intended for translation trainees who frequently underestimate the problems they will one day be obliged to resolve in confrontation with this particular segment of the lexicon. Other than that, it may be of use to fellow translation instructors, especially those interested in authentic material that they could employ to illustrate how the two concepts, translation and gender, intersect. The illustrative material presented in the paper represents English and Polish. From this, it follows that it is pertinent to any discussion of rendering gender while translating from an analytic to an inflectional language. Its novelty resides in the fact that it showcases issues that are often ignored in current discussions of translation and gender, but are nevertheless important from the point of view of everyday translation practice.
A critical overview of the cultural elements in four EFL textbooks used in Croatian secondary schools
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Molnar, Draženka; Prtenjača, Zvonimir
The significance of integrating cultural elements into foreign language (FL) teaching has been widely recognized by many researchers (Kramsch, 1998; Byram, 2008; Sercu, 2010). Consequently, in recent years, cultural content analysis of English textbooks has received considerable attention. Impelled by the newly reexamined pedagogical standards and the existing National Curriculum in Croatia, this paper provides a critical overview of the cultural elements in four English textbooks for secondary schools used in Croatian EFL classrooms. As one of the three existing domains in the English Language Curriculum, intercultural communicative competence (ICC) is perceived as an inevitable and integral part in successful foreign language learning. The paper is divided into a theoretical and an analytical part. The former gives a brief overview of the previous and contemporary research in the field of textbook analysis and the importance of intercultural communicative competence in the foreign language learning. The second provides both qualitative and quantitative results of the representations of cultural elements such as topics, visuals, audio material, values and cultural activities. Qualitative analysis of the textbooks is elaborated separately, and quantitative results are presented collectively for all four textbooks. Textbook material is examined against Amanda Hilliardʼs analytic kit, which combines three frameworks for the most appropriate multi-layered analyis of the cultural content. The results of the analysis corroborate some of the previous research findings pointing at the overemphasis of specific topic areas, representation of ethnic minorities in the visuals, accents in audio materials and overly positive perspectives of the target culture. The article concludes with some practical suggestions for further modernization of the intercultural activities which would strengthen studentsʼ skills such as tolerance for ambiguity, empathy and adaptability.
In search of the beginnings of a foodsemic boom in the history of English
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Kowalczyk, Aleksandra
Food unquestionably plays a vital role in our lives, as it is essential for our day-to-day existence. It is multifacetedly mirrored in the way we picture the world and communicate with one another. Frequently, food names are deployed metaphorically/metonymically to conceptualize either human beings themselves and/or various aspects and features of their existence. Sometimes, such metaphors are analysed from a synchronic perspective, for example by Martsa (2001, 2013) and Kövecses (2002) and they are perceived as a means of communication. However, food metaphors may be analysed from a diachronic perspective and, as shown by Kleparski (2008, 2012), Kudła (2009, 2016), and Kowalczyk (2015, 2017) among others, in the history of English, food metaphors are traceable in various historically distant periods, and abound especially in most recent periods of the history of English when there are high levels of foodsemic figurative extensions. As shown by Kowalczyk (2024), between the years 1800-1950, there were over 130 cases of food-related metaphor. These numbers stand in sharp contrast to the humble beginnings of food metaphor in Old English and the Early Modern English period. The aim of this paper is to specify the period of intensification and heightened productivity of this phenomenon. The 16th century will be highlighted as the time of a true foodsemic boom that sparked off the process of blooming of this metaphorical mechanism. In the late Middle English period, which spans the 14th and 15th century, only a handful of food-related metaphors are registered and supported by historical lexicographic sources. By contrast, during the course of the 16th century, there were around two dozen food-related cases of metaphorization.
On metonymy and other forms of motivation for some Nigerian English expressions
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Kosecki, Krzysztof
Nigerian English (NE) gradually developed on the basis of British English (BE) in the wake of the British colonization of West Africa. Numerous expressions in both varieties have the same or closely similar forms but different meanings. Such differences are often motivated by the cognitive mechanism of metonymy. They involve two distinct paths of conceptualization and categories of usage: (i) expressions that do not function as metonymic sources in BE give rise to metonymies in NE; (i) the same metonymic sources in BE and in NE provide access to different extensions of the same targets in NE. Apart from conceptual metonymy, many instances of NE usage reflect two other motivating factors: the impact of the local socio-cultural experience and of the West African linguistic substratum. All three forms of motivation are often present within a single expression.
The politics of fear in Yussef El Guindi’s Back of the throat
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Kirin, Ivana
The events of September 11 and the ensuing ‘war on terror’ saw the rise of private and structural Islamophobia in the USA. Centuries-old essentialist myths and stereotypes have been used to perpetuate the image of Muslims and Arabs as the antithesis to the West, most often as could-be terrorists—a danger to both individual and national identity, values and even life itself. As Svendsen (2008), Furedi (2018), Ahmed (2014) and Bauman (2006) argue, whoever controls fear, controls the society. This paper examines the cultural and discursive strategies of disciplining through the reproduction of fear and safety narratives in Yussef El Guindi’s play Back of the Throat. It analyses the reciprocal effects culturally constructed fear has on both its subjects and objects. Finally, it describes the lived experiences of Arab/Muslim Americans in the aftermath of 9/11, in the climate of prejudice-driven fear that undermines their individual freedoms and civil rights.
Linguistic escapism and symbolic value of signs of (good) times
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Gradečak, Tanja
Our research describes the linguistic landscape of three Croatian towns where we compare the signs on coffee shops and bars in reference to the symbolic function of foreign languages used on them, especially when compared to the mostly informative value of signs in Croatian. The sampling method applied was Cook’s and Campbell’s Diversity or Heterogeneity Sampling (1979:75–77) where the survey areas are illustrative, and not representative examples of the linguistic landscape. The results indicate that the higher percentage of signs in a foreign language, predominantly English, may be seen as an instantiation of processes related to economic and cultural globalization in a multilingual world (Gorter, 2013) when foreign language signs imply prestige and positive connotations, as confirmed by the sample of interviews with informants, coffee shop owners and patrons alike. In areas burdened by the politically charged atmosphere foreign language signs are seen as a form of escapism from the implications the use of any of the minority or majority language signs may cause.
English/French code-switching in later medieval charters
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Ingham, Richard
The spoken use of French in later medieval England cannot be recovered, except insofar as it may be inferred from surviving documents. The use in medieval Latin charters of the French definite article (FA) determining an English Noun (EN) is here taken to be a textually preserved remnant of spoken usage. Following earlier work by Ingham (2009), the FA + EN phenomenon is studied quantitatively, showing that the FA + EN construction occurs where it would accord with code-switching constraints observed in contemporary bilingual communities. Attention is paid in particular to the appearance or otherwise of the phenomenon in contexts featuring a possessive and an adjectival modifier of the Noun, where a clear structural contrast is obtained, as predicted on the assumption that spoken code-switching lay behind the establishment of the charter text. It is further shown that FA+EN is more frequent with a monosyllabic than a polysyllabic Noun, for which a prosodic explanation is proposed, in keeping with the hypothesis that the phenomenon was originally oral. This support for the existence of spoken bilingualism from the 13th century onwards in a professional environment fits the timeframe, furthermore, for the well-known expansion in the penetration of French loan words into English. Alternative explanations that have been proposed for the FA + EN phenomenon are considered but found to be inadequate.
Economization of Self: Constructing a Female Neoliberal Subject in Eílís Ní Dhuibhne’s Fox, Swallow, Scarecrow
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Radmilo Derado, Sanja
The paper focuses on the interdisciplinary textual analysis of Eílís Ní Dhuibhne’s Fox, Swallow, Scarecrow which addresses the complex human condition under the absolute reign of capitalism in the context of the Irish transition toward a neoliberal state. By relying on new economic criticism, the paper argues that this novel represents some of the silenced and, at the same time, most destructive aspects of the Irish iteration of neoliberal capitalism and its predominantly fictional character in the 21st century. By zooming in on the protagonists’ constant search for self-actualization amid the Irish economic and real-estate boom, the narrative reveals the confusion and desire inherent in the neoliberal state of mind which thrives on constant striving for materialistic self-fulfilment. Although the neoliberal paradigm introduced into the Irish public discourse the belief that women are finally in a position to realize themselves as active subjects and to enjoy benefits they had been denied in the past, this process is presented here as incomplete. Namely, the paper shows that at the height of Irish economic prosperity, within the short-lived and superficial social idyll, the characters live in a new form of capitalist colonialism in which they still encounter strong, albeit radically shaken social taboos such as class differences, poverty, extramarital affairs and women’s financial dependency in a marriage. The paper argues that the female neoliberal subject ultimately fails to adhere to the neoliberal paradigm on her journey toward self-assertion. She creates her own counter-space through her attempts to balance her intimate desires with the expectations placed on her as a wife and a mother. Threatened by unforgiving societal pressures, constructed counter-space critiques the neoliberal expectations of self-empowerment, but also challenges the patriarchal structures and traditional roles still imposed on women in modern Ireland.
Peter Kropotkin’s 1902 Mutual Aid theory today
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Coombs-Hoar, Katarzyna
Kropotkin's assertions regarding mutual aid, posited in his seminal work, illuminate a fundamental aspect of social behavior transcending species boundaries. He contended that cooperation and solidarity, rather than mere competition, were integral to evolutionary progress, challenging Darwin's paradigm of survival of the fittest. This perspective underscores the significance of altruism and collective support in the survival and flourishing of diverse communities. However, in the contemporary milieu characterized by individualism and digital connectivity, the applicability of Kropotkin's theory warrants scrutiny. The proliferation of online interactions has reshaped the dynamics of social relationships, raising pertinent questions about the efficacy of mutual aid in a virtual landscape dominated by self-promotion and egotistic pursuits. The transition from face-to-face to digital interactions has ushered in a new era marked by instant gratification and superficial connections. Furthermore, the accountability inherent in online engagements adds another layer of complexity to the evaluation of mutual aid in the digital age. As individuals navigate the intricacies of virtual interactions, the extent to which Kropotkin's principles endure amidst the allure of self-interest remains a subject of inquiry. This paper seeks to explore the viability of mutual aid in fostering meaningful connections and promoting collective well-being within the evolving landscape of digital communication.
The political and ideological causes of the Anglo-Dutch wars
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Borus, György
This paper seeks to explore and explain the causes of the first three Anglo-Dutch wars. It argues that the political and ideological causes of these wars were at least as important as the economic ones, and that they cannot be fully understood without highlighting the political and ideological differences between the regimes of England and the United Provinces at the outbreak of the conflicts. It discusses in detail the causes of the first two Anglo-Dutch wars, which are more controversial than those of the third.

Przeglądaj

Ostatnio nadesłane materiały