European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.17, z. 2 (2019)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttp://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/4751

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Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva – a presentation of cases and literature review
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Dąbrowska, Małgorzata; Dąbrowski, Piotr; Tabarkiewicz, Jacek
Introduction. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a very rare inherited disease leading to progressive ectopic ossification of muscle and soft tissue and resulting in severe immobilisation and premature death. The mutations in ACVR1 gene that codes the 1A activin receptor which belongs to the family of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are leading to clinical symptoms. Aim. In this raport we present 3 cases of paediatric FOP patients presenting varied clinical course of disease. Description of the cases. Case 1. A girl, currently 5 years old, was hospitalised for the first time at the age of 10 months with suspicion of a hyperplastic lesion of the left lumbar area. The time period between the first symptom, i.e. subcutaneous oedema, and the correct diagnosis was about 8 months. The symptom with key importance for the diagnosis was congenital deformities of the thumbs and big toes. Case 2. A 6-year-old girl with a congenital hallux valgus in both feet, a small painless nodular lesion in the area of the distal metaphysis of the femur, limiting the flexion of the knee joint, was diagnosed in the third month of life. Case 3. A three-year-old girl was diagnosed with congenital defects i.e. hallux valgus of both feet. The first symptoms of the disease occurred during her 14th month when an oedema of the subcutaneous tissue of the nape area was observed. Conclusion. Until recently, there has been no efficient therapy which could slow down the natural course of the disease and currently the disease is treated as incurable. Of key importance from the perspective of patients is early diagnosis and, more importantly, preventing traumas, surgical procedures, intramuscular injections, sparing dental treatment and ensuring avoidance of airway tract infections.
Acute pulmonary hypertension as a symptom of Bard’s syndrome and pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosa – rare manifestation of malignant gastric cancer
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Mazur, Danuta; Romanek, Janusz; Filip, Rafał; Przybylski, Andrzej
Introduction. Acute pulmonary hypertension leading to right ventricular failure and circulatory collapse is usually caused by a pulmonary embolism. However, in extremely rare cases, similar clinical manifestations can be related to another diseases, such as lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Aim. The purpose of this paper is to report on the case of a 29-year-old male patient presented with rapidly progressing dyspnoea. Description of the case. The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was made on the basis of echocardiographic signs of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular (RV) dilatation, and the recommended therapy was introduced. On the suspicion of bronchopneumonia, antibiotics and steroids were applied. However, the previously stated diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was not confirmed by the angio-CT scan, which showed small diffusive lung parenchyma intra-biliary nodules (ground glass opacity) with the peripheral appearance of a tree-in-bud sign. Consecutive CT of pelvis and abdomen along with endoscopy revealed a metastatic gastric cancer with the presence of lymphangitis carcinomatosa and miliary dissemination to the lungs. The presence of pulmonary metastases in the course of disseminated gastric cancer is known in literature as Bard’s syndrome. Conclusion. Extrapulmonary malignancies, particularly gastric cancer, should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis in patients with an acute right ventricular failure and nonspecific lesions in the respiratory system.
Glycosaminoglycan concentration in cancer tissue
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Bar, Piotr; Galiniak, Sabina; Bartusik-Aebisher, Dorota; Filip, Rafał; Aebisher, David
Introduction. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) play a widespread role in tissue modelling. GAG polymers may affect several receptor pathways in parallel. Aim. To present difference in concentration of GAG in healthy and cancer tissues. Material and methods. The literature search was performed nd reviewed using selected keywords. Results. We revieved the methods of detection various types of glycans measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Conclusion. MRI methodology provides an efficient tool forstudy of cellular composition. The use T1 aof T2 measurements to study cancer tissue is a promising assay.
What is the unique nature of the Huntington’s Disease?
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Bartoszek, Adrian; Szalast, Kamil
Introduction. Huntington’s disease is a rare neurodegenerative disease, inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Every child in the family whose parent is a carrier of the mutant gene has a 50% risk of inheriting the disease. Genetic tests unambiguously confirm whether a person at risk is ill or not. Symptoms include movement, neuropsychiatric and cognitive disorders. Currently, the disease is incurable and there are no effective methods for its treatment. Aim. The aim is to present information about Huntington’s disease, its inheritance, symptoms and pathologies, as well as to draw attention to its unique impact on patients and their families. Material and methods. A literature review of the following databases has been conducted: PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, Springer Link. Results. Huntington’s disease, due to the autosomal dominant inheritance, disturbs the whole family system. Over several generations, a family can struggle with the problems of taking care of several patients at the same time, providing children with information about the risk of falling ill, making decisions about genetic testing, and starting a family or having children. Conclusion. Huntington’s disease is a challenge for healthcare professionals who are not always prepared to solve unique, multi-generational problems in families with Huntington’s disease.
Labial salivary gland biopsy in the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Błochowiak, Katarzyna; Sokalski, Jerzy
Introduction. Labial salivary gland biopsy is used for diagnosis of Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) and lymphoma accompanying SS. Aim. The aim of this study was to present the main techniques used for taking labial salivary gland biopsies in the diagnosis of SS with respect to their advantages, histologic criteria, validation, complications, and their usefulness for diagnostic procedures, monitoring disease progression, and treatment evaluation. Material and methods. This study is based on analysis of literature. Results. The microscopic confirmation of SS is based on the presence of focal lymphocytic sialadenitis (FLS) with a focus score ≥1 per 4 mm2 of glandular tissue. A lymphocytic focus is defined as a dense aggregate of 50 or more lymphocytes adjacent to normal-appearing mucous acini in salivary gland lobules that lacked ductal dilatation. Other histopathological features of SS are lymphoepithelial lesions and a relative decrease of <70% IgA + plasma cells. Labial salivary gland biopsy is characterized by high specificity, a positive predictive value, and an average sensitivity of 79% in SS. Conclusion. It can be also valuable in diagnosing B-cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas but it is not recommended for the monitoring of SS progression and the effectiveness of the treatment. Persistent lower lip hypoesthesia is the most severe complication of labial salivary gland biopsy.
The role of opportunistic Corynebacterium spp. in human infections
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Olender, Alina; Bogut, Agnieszka; Bańska, Agata
Introduction. The non-diphtherial corynebacteria (diphtheroids, “coryneform” bacteria) have been increasingly recognized as causative agents of human infections. Aim. To provide an overview of the role of non-diphtherial Corynebacterium species in human infections. Material and methods. Analysis of the literature data found in the PubMed database. Results. The role of diphtheroids - inherently low-virulent microorganisms considered members of the human microbiota – as potential pathogens has been linked to specific risk factors including immunosuppression, implantation of biomaterials and invasive medical procedures. Their pathogenic potential is primarily associated with frequent multidrug resistance, the ability to adhere to biotic and abiotic surfaces and/or to form biofilm as well as with internalization, intracellular survival and persistence within human cells. The most common infections include bacteremia, sepsis, endocarditis, meningitis, urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, wound and skin infections, and endophthalmitis. The leading species are C. jeikeium, C. striatum, C. urealyticum, C. amycolatum, and C. pseudodiphtheriticum. Conclusion. Opportunistic corynebacteria can be responsible for a wide range of infections which can be expected to increase in frequency in the future due to an enlarging population of patients with predisposing risk factors but also due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance in this group of bacteria.
Neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer – objectives and tasks
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Ostańska, Elżbieta; Bartusik-Aebisher, Dorota; Aebisher, David; Kaznowska, Ewa
Introduction. Neoadiuvant therapy (NCT) in the treatment of breast cancer is employed for patients with early stage disease or with inoperable disease. NCT can decrease the tumor volume. It can facilitate breast conservation therapy. Response to NCT is a strong predictor of outcome breast cancer (BC). Direct target therapies has markedly improved the result of treatment BC. Aim. Therapy for breast cancer continues to improve. The importance of tumor burden on local control rates will be in the future. Material and methods. This analysis was performed using a systematic literature search. Results. The latest scientific reports give hope for greater safety and a better life for patients based on optimized and effective therapy. Conclusion. Currently, improving the effectiveness of breast cancer treatment is mainly related to the optimal use of classic therapeutic strategies. New classes of substances have been approved for treatment or are in advanced stages of clinical development.
Use of whole-body vibration as osteoporosis treatment in postmenopausal women: a systematic review
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Peretti, Ana Luiza; Tozeto Ciqueleiro, Rodolfo; Forner Flores, Lucinar Jupir; Flor Bertolini, Gladson Ricardo
Introduction. The use of whole-body vibration (WBV) has increased in the therapeutic field for patients with osteoporosis, however, there is still some controversy about its real effects. Aim. to perform a systematic review on the use of WBV for improving bone mineral density and effects of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Material and methods. the search was conducted by two researchers in the MEDLINE/PubMED and SciELO databases. It was included in the study clinical trials that dealt with the influence of vibration platform treatment on osteoporosis in the Portuguese and English languages published since 2006. Results. Ten selected clinical trials were found in a total of 405 articles. There are heterogeneous results owing to the divergences of the study. Six articles presented benefits of treatment with WBV in bone parameters, one article with changes in balance and muscle strength and three with no effects after treatment. Conclusion. It is concluded that the use of WBV was presented as an option in the treatment of osteoporosis, however, studies using homogeneous methodologies are needed to compare the actual benefits of using them.
Imaging methods of early detection and screening for breast cancer. A review
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Gustalik, Joanna; Bartusik-Aebisher, Dorota; Aebisher, David; Kaznowska, Ewa
Introduction. Breast cancer is the most frequent neoplasm among women. That is the reason why scientists all over the world are attempting to improve early detection methods of this particular malignancy. Aim. The most common and most widely used examination methods for screening for and detecting breast cancer is presented herein. Material and methods. This review was performed according to systematic literature search of three major bibliographic databases. Results. Available data suggest that incidence and mortality in high-resource countries has been declining whereas incidence and mortality in low-resource countries has been increasing. Conclusion. The role of a physician is to select the most suitable one for each patient in order to obtain the best result. No matter the method however, between 2005 and 2011, the 5-year relative survival was found to be 89%. This is thought to be due to both the increase in utilization of population-wide screening, as well as advances in treatment.
Assessment of manual abilities in children with infantile cerebral palsy
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Przysada, Grzegorz; Guzik, Agnieszka; Wolan-Nieroda, Andżelina; Przybyło, Magdalena; Drużbicki, Mariusz; Mazur, Artur
Introduction. Cerebral palsy (CP) is a problem presenting multiple issues and the prevalence of this condition is quite significant. CP risk factors are mainly observed in prematurely born children as well as those affected by complications around the time of birth or during the period of mother’s pregnancy. Quite frequently CP is manifested by abnormal muscle tone, contractures and deformities, and consequently impaired fine and gross motor functions. Aim. The study was designed to examine the level of hand function, i.e. fine motor skills and to investigate whether there is a correlation between development of fine motor and gross motor functions. Material and methods. The study group included 80 children with infantile CP. In the group there were 24 cases with spastic diplegia, 36 with spastic hemiplegia, and 20 with bilateral hemiplegia. During the study the children performed Box and Blocks test, and their parents filled in Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) describing the level of fine motor function development in their children. The children were additionally asked to perform two motor tasks. The first one involved an attempt to assume position on all fours, and the other one checked the ability to assume and maintain standing position. Results. The best scores in the conducted tests were found in children with CP taking the form of spastic diplegia, and the poorest scores in MACS, Box and Blocks test as well as in motor tasks assessing gross motor function were observed in children with bilateral hemiplegia. Conclusion. The form of infantile CP affects the level of manual abilities. There is a correlation between the level of gross motor and fine motor functions development.
Relative influence of body mass index and socioeconomic class on blood pressure levels and health
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Soni, Ajay; Siddiqui, Nazeem Ishrat; Wadhwani, Ravindra
Introduction. Blood pressure (BP) is a complex entity which is influenced by many factors. The impact of socioeconomic class and body mass index (BMI) on hypertension has been reported in the past but literature on their influence on blood pressure in healthy adolescents is very limited. Aim. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of BMI and socioeconomic status on BP in healthy adolescents. Material and methods. This cross sectional study includes three hundred healthy adolescents. Anthropometric and BP measurements were done. BMI categories were derived using WHO Asia Pacific guidelines. An updated Kuppuswami scale was used for determining socioeconomic status. Multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance was used to study impact of socioeconomic and BMI classes on BP. Results. Obese subjects of upper socioeconomic class have higher blood pressure values. Strong significant differences in the mean values of systolic blood pressure (f-23.569; p<0.00001), diastolic blood pressure (f-22.470; p<0.00001) and mean arterial pressure (f-27.454; <0.00001) were observed in different BMI classes. Except for diastolic blood pressure (f-2.713; p <0.030) rest of BP indices did not differ significantly in different SES classes. Conclusion. Obese subjects of upper socioeconomic class are prone for development of future hypertension. High BMI is significant risk factor for high BP, however socioeconomic class of the subject should also be considered as predisposing factor for high BP.
Determinants of women’s behavior in breast cancer prevention
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Nagórska, Małgorzata; Aksamit, Magdalena; Krygowska, Krystyna; Bassara-Nowak, Dorota
Introduction. According to statistics, breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in Poland. Progress in treatment and diagnosis gives an opportunity of a quick diagnosis, but women are reluctant to undergo prophylaxis screening. Aim. To identify women’s attitudes about breast cancer prophylaxis. Material and methods. The diagnostic survey was conducted in a group of 200 women. The research tool was the questionnaire developed by the authors. Results. Knowledge about breast cancer and prophylaxis was on an average level. Nearly half of the women surveyed (45.5%) declared that they do not ask for a breast examination while visiting a gynecologist. Only 26.8% of the surveyed women were systematically subjected to preventive examinations for breast cancer, while 18.7% of them performed breast self-examination. Every fifth respondent used invitation for a free mammogram. Conclusion. The women’s knowledge about breast cancer is average, but it does not translate into their attitudes towards the prevention of this cancer. Most women niether perform breast self-examination nor benefit from free prophylaxis programs. Younger respondents most often use the Internet. Education and place of residence do not affect the participation of women in preventive examinations for breast cancer.
Balance evaluation after Russian current on the femoral rectus of healthy individuals
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Czarnobaj, Carina Casiraghi; Folarosso, Hellen Cristina; Picagevicz, Maria Gabriela; Lima de, Natália; Kiyosen Nakayama, Gustavo; Flor Bertolini, Gladson Ricardo
Introduction. A technique used in physiotherapy, but still underinvestigated, is the use of the Russian current as an aid in the improvement of balance. Aim. To verify the influence of the Russian current applied to the rectus femoris on balance in healthy and sedentary individuals. Material and methods. A cross-sectional clinical trial was performed at the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná – Unioeste, in the city of Cascavel – PR. The sample consisted of 20 healthy female subjects aged between 18 and 25 years, equally divided into two groups where group 1 was placebo and group 2 treatment. Initially, the proprioceptive evaluation was performed by means of a functional test (the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT)) and stabilometry using a baropodometer. Russian current was then applied to the femoral rectum of both limbs simultaneously for 2 weeks, 5 days a week. Results. No significant differences were found analyzing the variables, but the elevated effect size points to clinical relevance of Russian Current in functional assessment. Conclusion. The use of the Russian current in the rectus femoris did not present significant alteration on balance.
Evaluation of platelet indexes as potential biomarkers of suspected pulmonary embolism
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Wójcik, Mariusz; Daszyk-Wójcik, Joanna; Skoczyński, Kamil
Introduction. Pulmonary embolism is one of the most frequent cardiovascular diseases, potentially leading to death. There is no validated biomarker with both high specificity and sensitivity. Aim. The aim of the study was to define the diagnostic importance of platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) on acute pulmonary embolism. Material and methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 145 patients with clinically suspected acute pulmonary embolism admitted to the Emergency Department. Demographic data and laboratory tests were collected on admission. All patients underwent computed tomography (CT) angiography. Results. The total data of 145 patients were analyzed, including 65 patients (67±17 years; 30 men/35 women) with acute pulmonary embolism confirmed with CT and 80 patients (67±19 years; 26 men/54 women) with negative CT. The MPV did not differ between the patients with acute PE and the control group (8.0 fL [IQR: 7.6-8.4] vs. 7.9 fL [IQR: 7.4-8.7], p=0.45). There were no significant differences in PLT (220x103/mm3 [IQR: 172-274] vs. 243x103/mm3 [IQR: 186-286], p=0.12) and PDW (59.0 ± 6.9% vs. 57.2 ± 7.3%, p=0.12). Conclusions. Our results suggest that platelet indexes (at a single time point) are not a reliable diagnostic biomarkers of acute pulmonary embolism.

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