European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.20, z. 4 (2022)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttps://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/8428

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Clinico-epidemiological and vaccination profile of patients attending flu clinic of a tertiary health care institution in Eastern India during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemic
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Singh, CM; Chaudhary, Neha; Naik, Bijaya Nanda; Rao, Rajath; Pandey, Sanjay; Kumar Nirala, Santosh ; Ranjan, Alok; Prasad, Santosh
Introduction and aim. With the third wave of COVID-19 hitting the country, there is an urgent need to systematically document the clinical-epidemiological and vaccination details of the patients to formulate evidence-based decisions. So, this study was planned to describe the profile of patients attending the flu clinic of a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. Material and methods. This hospital-based cross-sectional study was done for 6 weeks (Jan-Feb 2022) among 623 patients using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire related to COVID-19. An unadjusted odds ratio was calculated and statistical significance was attributed to a p-value <0.05. Results. Out of 623 patients, almost 90% of the patients were vaccinated against COVID-19 with at least one dose of any vaccine. Cough (57.8%) was the most common complaint. Patients aged > 60 years and those having one or more than one comorbidity suffered from moderate-severe COVID-19 infection when compared to their counterparts (p<0.001). Also, 2.1% of fully vaccinated, 3.8% of one dose vaccinated and 10.9% of unvaccinated patients suffered from moderate-severe COVID-19. Conclusion. During the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, a smaller number of elderlies compared to the previous two waves were affected indicating age shifting. The severity of COVID-19 was less among vaccinated individuals compared to unvaccinated highlighting the importance of COVID-19 vaccination.
Comparison of triglyceride-glucose index and HOMA-IR as indicators of insulin resistance in obese women with subclinical hypothyroidism
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Kirac, Cem Onur; Sirikci, Vehbi; Findikli, Huseyin Avni
Introduction and aim. Thyroid hormones play an important role in glucose metabolism as in many metabolic events. The aim of our study is to evaluate the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and insulin resistance, especially in obese women. Material and methods. Newly diagnosed SCH patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥30 who applied to our outpatient clinic between March 2021 and October 2021, and euthyroid obese women who applied for routine control were included in the study. In this study, we used homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and triglyceride glucose (TyG) indexes, which are noninvasive, simple and useful methods for evaluating insulin sensitivity. Results. The study included 78 female patients between the ages of 19 and 64. A correlational analysis was performed between thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and HOMA-IR, TyG, and BMI. The results showed that TSH levels were positively correlated with HOMA-IR (R=0.297, p=0.008), TyG (R=0.316, p=0.005) and BMI (R=0.307, p=0.006). This relationship was stronger for TyG compared to the other variables. As another finding, BMI was positively correlated with HOMA-IR (R=0.359, p=0.001) and TyG (R=0.404, p<0.001). This relationship was stronger for TyG than HOMA-IR. Conclusion. These results show that patients with SCH are at risk of developing diseases that accompany insulin resistance, such as metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disorders. The most important finding of our study is that the TyG index gives more significant results than HOMA-IR, especially in obese women.
Correlation between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Zielińska, Anna; Tabarkiewicz, Jacek
Introduction and aim. The association between periodontitis (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been analyzed and described in literature. Periodontal pathogens, such as “Porphyromonas gingivalis” and “Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans” are pointed as the common factors for both diseases. In this work we demonstrate that treatment of dental and oral diseases is an unconditional requirement for patients with RA. Material and methods. PubMed was searched with the keyword “rheumatoid arthritis” and “periodontitis” from May 1999 to January 2022, showed 181 articles. Ultimately 72 articles were included in the review. Analysis of the literature. The above mentioned pathogens exhibit multiple mechanisms that disturb immune and inflammatory responses of the human organism. Those mechanisms lead to the periodontal disease (PD) that may activate the systematic reactions which in turn lead to intensification of systematic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). P. gingivalis has the ability to expresses PAD enzyme (peptidylarginine deiminase) and activates the citrullization process. Moreover, the bacterium produces gingipain cysteine proteinases, which degrade the mechanisms of immunological system. The latter pathogen, A. actinomycetemcomitans, expresses hypercitrullization in neutrophils. Conclusion. Both pathogens influence inflammatory response of the organism, through the common pro-inflammatory mediators for periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis, intensify the clinical manifestations of both diseases.
Determination of post-traumatic growth status of frontline infection control nurses in the COVID-19 pandemic – a cross-sectional study
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Sevecen Çelik, İnce ; Arzum Çelik, Bekleviç
Introduction and aim. It is very important for nurses to experience post-traumatic growth in order to protect their mental health after traumatic events such as a pandemic. The aim of this study is to determine the post traumatic growth status of infection control nurses, who play an important role in health services in the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. This study is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. The study was conducted with 170 infection control nurses working in infection control committees of hospitals in Turkey. “Nurse Descriptive Information Form” and “Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI)” were used as data collection tools in this study. Results. As a result of this research, the mean PTGI total score of the infection control nurses was 70.73±23.03, and it was determined that they experienced moderate growth from the sub-dimensions of the scale. Also it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the changes in philosophy of life sub-dimension scores of PTGI according to the age and marital status of the nurses. In addition, it was determined that there was a significant difference between the total PTGI scores according to the year of working as an infection control nurse and the loss of a relative of the healthcare worker due to the COVID-19 disease. Conclusion. In this study, it can be said that infection control nurses experienced a moderate post-traumatic growth after the COVID-19 pandemic. Age, marital status, working year and loss of a healthcare worker friend during the pandemic period seem to affect nurses’ post-traumatic growth. It is very important to determine the mental health of infection control nurses working on the front lines in the pandemic.
Effect of the prognostic nutritional index and systemic immuneinflammatory index in predicting short-term mortality in geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Özkan, Abuzer; İslam, Mehmet Muzaffer; Akça, Hatice Şeyma; Eroğlu, Serkan Emre; Gökhan, Aksel
Introduction and aim. We aimed to investigate whether systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were associated with short-term mortality in geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2. Material and methods. Our study was designed retrospectively. The data of patients that presented to a single center. The primary outcome of the study was the diagnostic value of SII and PNI in predicting 28-day mortality in geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Results. 272 geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 included. The median PNI was 42.5, and the median SII was 687.6 (430–1404.2). In univariant analysis, PNI and SII has a significant relationship with mortality (p<0.001 and p=0.008, Mann-Whitney U test). PNI had an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.680, which was significantly higher than that of SII (AUC: 0.6). The odds ratio of PNI (>40.1) and SII (<1.267) for 30-day mortality were determined as 1.12 , and 1. Conclusion. In conclusion, the blood tests used to calculate PNI and SII are routinely included in complete blood count and biochemistry tests that can be performed in every hospital. According to the results of the current study, the mortality group had significantly higher SII values and significantly lower.
Fabry disease related nephropathy – case family report and literature review
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Król, Nikola; Trąd, Szymon; Milian-Ciesielska, Katarzyna; Gala-Błądzińska, Agnieszka
Introduction and aim. Fabry disease (FD) is a ultrarare storage disorder which causes irreversible damage to the brain, heart, and kidneys in young patients. The aim of our study was to draw clinician’s attention to the need of considering FD in the differential diagnosis of kidney disorders. Description of the case. We present the case of a 45-year-old man who has been misdiagnosed for several years with arterial hypertension with organ complications. He was referred to the nephrological ward due to chronic advanced kidney disease of unclear etiology. After 2 months of thorough differential diagnostics, based on the clinical course (past stroke, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), left ventricular hypertrophy, paroxysmal limb pain) and conducted genetic examination, FD was confirmed. Then, screening tests were performed among the patient’s family members, confirming the presence of the same mutation as in our patient in 4 women of which in 3 were diagnosed cardio-renal syndrome. The authors of other studies report glycolipid deposits in the kidney cells on a needle biopsy, usefulness assess podocyturia, globotriaosylceramide protein in the urine and renal parapelvic cysts in an ultrasound examination in diagnostic FD nephropathy. Conclusions. This is the first case report to describe membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in a patient suffering from FD. In patients with FD and the same genotype, kidney damage has a different phenotype.
Favre-Racouchot syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – a common link
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Shamsi Mohd, Imran; Dawar, Sachet; Shaafie Harris, Ishtiyaq; Chaudhry, Arun
Introduction and aim. Favre-Racouchot syndrome though mostly reported in Caucasian men (with an estimated prevalence of 6% in adults older than 50 years), cases have been reported in dark-skinned population including Indians, albeit rarely. It is characterized by large open and closed comedones along with epidermal cysts over the nose, cheeks, temples, forehead and periorbital areas. The association of this condition with chronic heavy smoking is what it makes compelling. Description of the case report. We report a case of elderly male, chronic heavy smoker who was diagnosed as a case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as per standard guidelines. He presented with multiple nodulo-cystic lesions and had undergone a skin biopsy. Histomorphology features were consistent with Favre-Racouchot syndrome. Conclusion. Early identification of this skin condition in mildly symptomatic and asymptomatic smokers may help clinicians to forewarn the patients regarding development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Haematological changes and metabolic alterations in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients hospitalised at an Infectious Diseases Center, Ibadan, Nigeria
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Alonge, Oluwagbenga; Ganiyu, Arinola
Introduction and aim. Following the use of repurposing drugs to successfully manage coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in an Infectious Diseases Center (IDC) in Nigeria, it was imperative to assess haematological changes and metabolic alterations in these patients which may inform recommendations for future use. Material and methods. Blood samples of admitted COVID-19 Nigerian patients during therapeutic management were analysed for haematological- (total white blood cells (WBC), lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil and neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio) and blood chemistry- parameters [total protein, total and conjugated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), albumin, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), PO4 3-, Ca2+, uric acid, Na+, K+, Cl- and HCO3 -] using autoanalysers. The percentages of patients having values below, within and above reference ranges were compared using Chi-square test while the mean values at admission were compared with mean values at discharge using Student t-test. Results. The mean values of total protein, albumin, Na+, HCO3 -, uric acid, Ca2+, WBC, platelets, lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils were significantly increased in COVID-19 patients at discharge compared with COVID-19 patients at admission. Also, more percentages of COVID-19 patients at discharge compared with COVID-19 patients at admission had albumin, ALP, total bilirubin, HDL, Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3 -, urea, creatinine, WBC, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils within normal reference intervals. Conclusion. This study showed that most metabolic and haematological derangements were normalised by repurposing drugs in most of the COVID-19 patients at this IDC, thus supporting the continuous use of this therapeutic option.
Obesity-diabetes-endocrinopathy – the metabolic connection
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Kozakowski, Jarosław; Dudek, Piotr; Zgliczyński, Wojciech
Introduction and aim. The article outlines the mechanisms of interrelationships between obesity, type 2 diabetes, and certain disorders of the endocrine system. The paper explains how insulin resistance develops, which is a key link between obesity and several related disorders, how hypercortisolemia leads to the development of obesity and glucose intolerance, why thyroid dysfunctions are bidirectionally associated with metabolic disturbances, in what way excessive body weight leads to the hypogonadism in men, or how menopause promotes the development of abdominal obesity, carbohydrate intolerance and, in some cases type 2 diabetes. Material and methods. Scientific articles were reviewed by searching for information using the online database with scientific articles, including PubMed, Google Scholar and other available scientific databases. Analysis of the literature. The huge prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and hormonal disorders (e.g., autoimmune thyroid disease, female and male hypogonadism) over the contemporary world together with the serious health consequences of these conditions makes up a specific triangle of metabolic connections, increasingly absorbing the human, organizational and financial resources of health systems. Conclusion. Recognizing the relationship between the components of this triangle and understanding the risks arising from this phenomenon may allow to effectively reduce its impact on our health.
Risk and associates of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use among undergraduate university students – a Pan-India cross-sectional study
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Biswas, Ratnadeep; Joshi, Rishabh; Rao, Rajath; Rajan, Ratnesh; Gaur, Rituj; Rangnath; Sahoo, Saikrishna
Introduction and aim. Substance abuse and its associated problems are a global concern. Young adults, particularly college- going students, remain among the highest at-risk groups for various substance use disorders. So, this study was conducted to find out the prevalence of substance use and its correlates among undergraduate (UG) university students. Material and methods. We did an online cross-sectional survey among 1003 undergraduate university students across India using a pre-structured, self-reported questionnaire consisting of basic demographic details, standard tool (WHO-ASSIST), and the results were tabulated. A multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the correlates of substance use and Pearson correlation to find a correlation between ASSIST scores. Significance was attributed to a p-value <0.05. Results. A total of 320 (31.9%), 167 (16.7%), and 125 (12.5%) among 1003 students used alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis respectively. 70 (21.9%), 116 (69.5%), and 62 (49.6%) were at moderate-high risk of abuse for alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis respectively. There was a strong positive statistically significant (p<0.001) correlation between all three substance-specific scores (Pearson’s Coefficients r = 0.643, 0.763, and 0.725 respectively). Conclusion. One, two, and three out of every ten students used cannabis, tobacco, and alcohol respectively. Many of them fall into the moderate-high risk category. The data suggest that a student at high risk for any one substance is also at a higher risk of using another substance as well. This calls for an integrated ‘bundle’ approach to focus on all substances together as one unit.
The impact of physical activity on the cognitive fitness of the elderly – a review
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Marszałek, Anna; Kasperczyk, Tadeusz; Walaszek, Robert; Burdacka, Katarzyna
Introduction and aim. The issues of humans’ ageing are more and more frequently addressed in the relevant literature. Most commonly, people follow three ageing trajectories: a normal one, disease-affected one, and a healthy one. The purpose of this article is to present a relationship between physical activity and occurrence of cognitive function impairment in the elderly. Material and methods. This paper is a narrative review. Based on a literature search, various forms of physical activity are presented, as well as the effects of physical activity on mitigation of cognitive disorders in the elderly. The following databases were used: Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar. Analysis of the literature. One of the most important factors that promote healthy ageing is regular physical activity. Many studies and publications have addressed this issue. The relationships between physical activity and cognitive fitness have been less studied. Conclusion. The results of the studies presented in this article may form the basis for more in-depth analyses and, in a longterm perspective, for the development of optimal preventive and therapeutic strategies using broadly understood physical activity to maintain cognitive fitness of the elderly.
The relationship between women’s childbirth experiences and their maternal attachment and the risk of postpartum depression
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Muslu, Ayşegül; Erciyas, Şeyma Kilci; Cindaş, Pakize; Atan, Şenay Ünsal
Introduction and aim. This descriptive study was conducted to examine the effects of the childbirth experiences of mothers on their maternal attachment and postnatal depression. Material and methods. The study was conducted with 315 mothers who agreed to participate in the study in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between 2 September 2019 and 25 February 2020. A “Personal Information Form”, “Childbirth Expectation and Experience Questionnaire (CEEQ)”, “Maternal Attachment Inventory (MAI)”, and “Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)” were used to collect data. The data were analyzed with the IBM SPSS v23 program. Independent-samples t test, oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson’s correlation test were used in the analyses. Results. The mean postpartum depression mean score of the participants was 4.3±5.9, and 23% of them were at risk of depression. The mean maternal attachment score of participants was determined as 85.2±4.6, and their mean birth experience score was 3.0±3.1. A positive and significant relationship was found between more than half of the items of Childbirth Expectation and Experience Questionnaire and general satisfaction (p≤0.05). The childbirth experience scores of the participants were not significantly related to their maternal attachment and postpartum depression scores (p>0.05). Conclusion. In this study, no significant relationship was found between the childbirth experiences of women and their maternal attachment or postpartum depression levels.
The role of erythrocyte distribution width in predicting poor outcomes in geriatric patients with acute pancreatitis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Akça, Hatice Şeyma; Özkan, Abuzer
Introduction and aim. In our study, our aim was to evaluate the relationship between red cell distribution width (RDW) values and prognosis in geriatric patients with acute pancreatitis. Material and methods. Patients over the age of 65 and diagnosed with acute pancreatitis who applied to the Emergency Department of Umraniye Training and Research Hospital between 16.07.2021 and 15.05.2022 were included in our retrospective study. RDW levels were recorded using the hospital data system. Results. Our study included 184 patients, 19 (10.3%) of which died. Sixty-five percent of our patients were women. The mean hospital stay was 5 days (from 3 to 9). A statistically significant relationship was also observed between high RDW and mortality (p=0.006). The diagnostic test performance analyses of CRP, and RDW in predicting mortality revealed that they were statistically significant in predicting mortality, with the AUC value being calculated as 0.66 (0.6061–0.7368) for CRP, with a cut-off value of 22; and 0.69 (0.6909–0.7368) for RDW, with a cut-off value of 14.5 (p=0.019, p=0.006, respectively). Conclusion. Hematological parameters can help predict a prognosis in patients with acute pancreatitis. Although RDW is not statistically more significant than CRP, it can be used as a prognostic marker in patients with acute pancreatitis.
The role of hematological parameters in differentiating Plasmodium falciparum and others – a study from Somalia
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Özdemir, Serdar; Algın, Abdullah; Altunok, İbrahim; Ebubekir, Arslan
Introduction and aim. Accurate identification of Plasmodium species is important because of the differences in their treatment. We aimed to investigate the role of hematological and biochemical parameters in the differentiation of Plasmodium falciparum and other plasmodium species. Material and methods. This is a retrospective study. Patients admitted to the emergency department with signs and symptoms of malaria were included into the study. Patients with malaria were grouped as P. falciparum and others. Hematological parameters of two groups were compared by univariate and multivariate analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using the Jamovi. Results. A total of 107 patients were included in the study. According to univariant and multivariant analysis there was no difference in between two groups in the terms of blood urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, platelet count, and mean platelet volume (in univariate analysis p values were 0.029, 0.011, 0.019, 0.171, 0.870, 0.307, 0.042, and 0.276, respectively and in multivariate analysis p values for blood urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, hemoglobin, and platelet count were 0.100, 0.535, 0.328, and 0.213, respectively). Conclusion. The investigated hematological and biochemical parameters were found to be not valuable in predicting type of malaria. On the other hand, we recommend confirming the results of our study with larger samples and multicenter studies.
Zinc in fibromyalgia patients: relationship with body mass index and sleep quality
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2022-12) Ece, Yiğit
Introduction and aim. Given the potential relationship between oxidative stress and fibromyalgia and well-documented antioxidant efficacy of zinc, the present study aimed to determine serum zinc concentration in FM patients as compared to healthy controls, as well as to identify the correlation of serum zinc concentration with the body mass index (BMI) and sleep quality, Material and methods. In this case-control study, 54 fibromyalgia patients were consecutively recruited between October 01, 2021 and December 01, 2021. The control group consisted of 54 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results. Fibromyalgia group had significantly lower zinc concentration, higher body mass index, and lower sleep quality scores as compared to the healthy control group. The correlation analysis revealed a significantly negative correlation between serum zinc concentration and body mass index and a significantly positive correlation between serum zinc concentration and sleep quality both in fibromyalgia and healthy control groups. Conclusion. Our results both support the hypothesis that low serum zinc concentration plays a role in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia and indicate that fibromyalgia may lead to weight gain and poor sleep quality, which needs to be confirmed in large-cohort studies.

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