Elevated estrogen receptor beta and oxidative stress in postmenopausal women with ovarian cancer

Introduction and aim. Ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women is associated with hormonal dysregulation and oxidative stress. This study investigates the relationship between estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), selected reproductive hormones, and oxidative stress markers in women with ovarian cancer compared to healthy controls. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to evaluate these parameters in an integrated way, offering new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying postmenopausal ovarian cancer. Material and methods. Blood samples were collected from 45 postmenopausal women with ovarian cancer immediately after diagnosis to be compared with 45 healthy women. ERβ and some hormones were evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Chemiluminescence imunoassays and miniVIDAS, while spectrophotometric methods were used to evaluate variables associated with oxidative stress. Results. The results show a significant increase in beta estrogen receptor values for women with ovarian cancer 12.69±1.79 ng/mL, p<0.001 compared to healthy women 0.47±0.06 ng/mL. Furthermore, a significant increase was observed in the values of each estrogen (E2) 18.4±2.19 pg/mL vs. 16.20±3.45 pg/mL, p=0.001, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) 15.56±2.88 pmol/L vs. 1.22±0.29 pmol/L, p<0.001, and total oxidant status 2.93±0.63 µmol/L vs. 0.65±0.09 µmol/L, p<0.001. On the contrary, a significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity 3.22±0.72 mmol/L vs. 10.04±1.50 mmol/L, p<0.001. The results also show a positive correlation between the values of total oxidants and the hormones studied, compared to the negative correlation with total antioxidants. Conclusion. The significant increase in the values ​​of ERβ as well as the estrogen hormone that may be derived from adipose tissue in women with ovarian cancer in the postmenopausal stage, has multiple effects, for example, by altering some hormones such as progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, and AMH. These hormonal disturbances resulting from granulosa cell tumors play a role in increasing the metabolic rate and therefore increasing the oxidative stress of cells.