Evaluation of corin and copeptin as novel biomarkers for polycystic ovary syndrome – diagnostic accuracy and associations with cardiometabolics

Abstract

Introduction and aim. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects 5–18% of women of reproductive age and is intricately linked to metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular risks. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of copeptin and corin as potential biomarkers in PCOS and their association with cardiometabolic risk factors. Material and methods. This case-control study included 60 women diagnosed with PCOS (Rotterdam criteria) and 30 healthy controls. Serum levels of copeptin and corin and metabolic parameters were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Statistical analyses included receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, logistic regression, and correlation tests. Results. The results revealed significantly elevated corin (1450.23±264.91 vs. 619.17±159.19 pg/mL, p<0.001) and copeptin levels (5.81±1.66 vs. 2.46±0.64 ng/mL, p<0.001) in patients with PCOS compared to controls. Both biomarkers were strongly correlated with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR: r=0.648 for corin and r=0.750 for copeptin) and dyslipidemia. ROC analysis demonstrated exceptional associative biomarker precisions for corin (AUC=1.00) and copeptin (AUC=0.89). Univariate regression identified corin (odds ratio [OR]=1.018) and copeptin (OR=1.344) as independent predictors of PCOS. Conclusion. This study identified plasma corin and copeptin levels as potential biomarkers for PCOS diagnosis and risk stratification. Elevated corin levels predict infertility, while copeptin levels correlate with metabolic dysfunction, particularly in obese, insulin resistant phenotypes.