Przeglądanie według Temat "phytochemicals"

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Drug-induced thrombocytopenia – etiology and alternative therapeutic approaches
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-09) Rajashekaraiah, Vani; Berikai Ananthakrishna, Anusha
Introduction and aim. The cumulative incidence of drug-induced thrombocytopenia (DIT) is 10 cases per one million people per year with a prevalence of approximately 25% in critically ill patients. This review provides a comprehensive view of drug-induced thrombocytopenia, diagnosis, underlying mechanisms, common strategies in therapeutics, and potential alternatives. Material and methods. Databases such as “Google Scholar”, “PubMed”, “Medline” and “MDPI” was used for literature review with the keywords, “platelets”, “platelet disorders”, “thrombocytopenia”, “drug-induced”, “oxidative stress” “plant extracts”, “phytochemicals”, “antioxidants”, for the articles published between 2013-2023 and written in the English language. Analysis of the literature. Several antimicrobials, anti-cancer drugs, and antivirals are often reported to cause adverse effects during treatment, such as thrombocytopenia. A thorough understanding of the underlying pathophysiology is important for appropriate treatment. Even though an improvement in platelet count is observed after the discontinuation of the causative drug, there is a dire need for treatment in some cases due to associated complications. There are various pitfalls with conventional treatments which include clinical complications and lack of effectiveness. Conclusion. Interventions in therapeutics through antioxidants can aid in faster recovery. Various plant extracts and phytochemicals have been employed as therapeutics in platelet disorders due to their exceptional antioxidant activity. It is imperative to explore the bioactive components of natural products and their influence on platelet efficacy. Also, it highlights how antioxidants can be used as a safe, yet effective option as therapeutics for treating a complicated disorder such as DIT or be used as supplements to prevent adverse effects of existing treatments involving antibiotics and chemotherapeutics.
Nootropics: Phytochemicals with Neuroprotective and Neurocognitive Enhancing Properties
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Crespo-Bujosa, Héctor B.; Suárez Rodríguez, Ramón L.F.
Introduction. Neurological chronic conditions represent a healthcare concern worldwide. They hinder a person’s functionality affecting family, social interactions, as well as academic and work performance. In addition, the complexity of these illnesses and the variable response to treatments, as well as the side-effects, call for the research and implementation of phytochemicals known as Nootropics to form part of an integrative treatment. Aim. To present the influence of nootropics on neuroprotection and neurocognition. Material and methods. Analysis of literature data found in the PubMed database. Results. Nootropics, which can be synthetic or natural, possess properties that translate in enhancement of mental or neurocognitive functions. Within the natural options, vitamins, plants and even fungi have been found to produce cognitive enhancement with less side-effects. Continuing research has shown promising therapeutic uses for B vitamins, Hericium herinaceus and Ginkgo biloba as coadjuvants in the treatment of neurologic chronic conditions to improve an individual’s neurocognitive functions and quality of life. Conclusion. Nootropics open the door for new research, clinical implementation and promotion of integrative health especially in cognitive neuroscience by implementing products of natural sources. This is particularly important in order to identify side-effects, drug-herb interactions, proper posology and synergic actions that may prove to improve neurocognitive functioning and health improvement.
Phytochemical analysis, stability, and antimicrobial activity of eighteen medicinal plants studied against five multi-drug resistant human pathogens
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Malya, G. Dharshana; Bhattacharjee, Jhumpa; Mukherjee, Sahana; Deka, Shubhajyoti; Saikia, Lahari; Nandi, Shoma Paul
Introduction and aim. Several medicinal plants from India have been reported to be effective against human pathogens, but comprehensive comparative studies are scarce. The aim of this study has been to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity, phytochemical composition, and stability at different temperatures and pH of ethanolic extracts of eighteen Indian medicinal plants which are prevalent in North-east India and thrive abundantly. Material and methods. These plants included Syzygium cumini, Cannabis sativa, Camellia sinensis, Murraya koenigii, Alstonia scholaris, Terminalia chebula, Flemingia strobilifera, Azadirachta indica, Prunus persica, Euphorbia thymifolia, Averrhoa carambola, Paderia foetida, Psidium guajava, Spondias pinnata, Garcinia cowa, Litsea cubeba, Micania macrantha, and Phlogocanthus thyrsiflorus. Their potent medicinal properties made them the ideal choice for this study which included the use of agar well diffusion method and phytochemical analysis. Results. Agar well diffusion has been used to test their antibacterial activity, which demonstrated higher antibacterial activity of G. cowa extract against Vibrio cholerae and Staphylococcus aureus, whereas S. pinnata extract was most effective against V. cholerae and Enterococcus faecium. Conclusion. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols. The antimicrobial activity of these plant extracts remained stable at higher temperatures and varying pH levels.