Przeglądanie według Temat "optimism"

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Krytyk literacki jako optymista
(Wydawnictwo Avalon, 2020-12) Stanisz, Marek
The article aims to characterize literary criticism as a sign of cognitive and ideological optimism. A claim has been made that every critical and literary act articulates expressis verbis (or implicitly pictures) a project of a desired model of literary communication, the exchange of cultural assets, or even the structure of the society. The above project legitimizes evaluations provided by the critics and changes postulated (positive projects, polemics or catastrophic diagnoses), which in the eyes of their authors appear to be both intentional and legitimate, but – above all – workable and possessing positive influence on the functioning of the literary life (or even the whole community). To support the above argumentation, statements of such literary critics from various periods and cultural circles have been provided: The Iksowie Society, Johann Gottfried Herder, Franciszek Salezy Dmochowski, Kazimierz Brodziński, Teodozy Sierociński, Michał Podczaszyński, Maurycy Mochnacki, Michał Grabowski, Théophile Gautier, Aleksander Świętochowski, Eliza Orzeszkowa, Bolesław Prus, Włodzimierz Spasowicz, Irena Krzywicka, Stanisław Brzozowski, Zenon Przesmycki, Thomas Stearns Eliot, Jan Błoński, Jerzy Kwiatkowski, Adam Zagajewski, Julian Kornhauser, Tomasz Burek, Elaine Showalter, Krystyna Kłosińska and Przemysław Czapliński.
YOUTH IN THE SITUATION OF ANOMIE IN THE EAST-CENTRAL EUROPE BORDERLANDS
(Uniwersytet w Drohobyczu, UR, PWSW, 2016-12-23) Długosz, Piotr
The aim of the following paper is to present youth in the borderlands of Poland, Ukraine and Hungary as well as to determine the level at which they became adapted to the socio-economic system. The research was conducted with the use of the survey method and the auditorium questionnaire technique, the sample was of quota character. The results of the research indicate that the country determines the occurrence of anomie to a greater extent rather than the inhabited borderland. The majority of different symptoms appeared among Hungarian youth. Less symptoms were observed among young Ukrainians and the least in Poland. The most characteristic symptom of anomie is employing innovative strategies in striving for life goals, economic values spreading to other spheres of life and strong etatist, egalitarian and authoritarian orientation. The level of optimism is low as well.