Przeglądanie według Temat "infertility"

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Global risks of endometriosis in women – an appraisal
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Roy, Chhandika; Mondal, Nitish
Introduction and aim. Endometriosis is a complex condition in which endometrium, tissue that resembles the uterine lining, develops outside the uterus. It is considered to be a chronic, estrogen-dependent, inflammatory gynecological disorder having multi-factorial origins. This review paper aims to consolidate recent information on ethnic differences, endometriosis risks, and the disease’s etiology in the global context. Material and methods. A systematic search was performed using a variety of international electronic databases, including “PubMed” and “DOAJ”, using the terms endometriosis, endometriosis and infertility, endometriosis and cancer, and treatment of endometriosis. Analysis of the literature. Endometriosis can appear anywhere in the body, including the umbilicus, the cecum and ileum of the digestive tract, the breast, the lungs, and the genitourinary organs. It is typically clinically asymptomatic with no obvious clinical manifestation and expensive treatment, which makes the diagnosis late. There is a complex interplay between socioeconomic status, family history, societal beliefs and laws, personal habits, reproductive and gynaecological conditions, and environmental influences in the development of endometriosis. Conclusion. Women with endometriosis should be given more attention, and specific resources in the healthcare system should be utilized to provide more efficient multidisciplinary healthcare and treatment.
Prevalence and pattern of abnormalities of cervical smear examination in women attending the fertility clinic at Uniosun Teaching Hospital, Osun state, Nigeria
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Ajileye, Ayodeji Blessing; Oseni, Bashiru Shola; Adeniyi, Adesanmi Oladipo
Introduction and aim. Infertility is described as the failure to conceive after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse. One of the causes of female infertility is cervical abnormalities that may be due to bacterial, parasitological, and hormonal imbal ances. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and Pattern of Abnormalities of cervical smear examination in women attending fertility clinic at the University of Osun Teaching Hospital, Osun State, Nigeria. Material and methods. This study was conducted in the fertility clinic of University of Osun Teaching Hospital, Osun State. The study population consisted of 50 infertile (case group) and 50 fertile participants (control group) who are attending the gyne cology clinic of the University of Osun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo. A questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic infor mation and other relevant data. Cervical samples were collected using Ayre’s spatula, two smears were made from each subject and stained with Papanicolaou, hematoxylin, and eosin staining techniques. The results were analyzed using a frequency table. Results. Cervical smears revealed atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in 15 cases (30%), while only 3 (6%) were observed among controls. Cervical cervicitis 19 (38%), Candida spp. (10%), Trichomonas vaginalis (16%), Gardnerella vaginalis (8%), inflammatory cell infiltrate (72%) and increased nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio (26%) were observed between cases and were significantly higher compared with the controls. Conclusion. Abnormal pap smears in this study was significantly more often found in the case group when compared with the controls.
Progestins and combined oral contraceptives in the hormonal treatment of endometriosis – a review
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Rojek, Kornelia; Juda, Agata; Kamińska, Magdalena; Strzoda, Adam; Strzoda, Anna; Sowiński, Wojciech; Zdybel, Michał; Strzoda, Agata
Introduction and aim. Endometriosis is a common inflammatory disease affecting 6-10% of women of reproductive age. It is defined as the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity. Dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, dyspareunia and infertility are the main symptoms of endometriosis patients. Endometriosis treatment methods can be broadly divided into surgical and pharmacological. Currently, hormonal drugs are often used for women with endometriosis to relieve bothersome symptoms. The aim of this article is to review new publications presenting the effectiveness as well as side effects of the use of progestins and combined oral contraceptives in the hormonal treatment of endometriosis. Material and methods. A review of the literature regarding progestins and combined oral contraceptives in the treatment of endometriosis was performed using the PubMed database. In the end, 67 articles were included in this review. Analysis of the literature. Progestins and combined oral contraceptives significantly reduce dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and pelvic pain in women with endometriosis. However, there is a risk of potential side effects, which should be taken into account when choosing a therapy for each patient individually. Conclusion. Endometriosis is a chronic disease that has a significant impact on the health-related quality of life of patients. When choosing a treatment, many aspects should be considered, primarily the patient’s preferences, drug tolerance and safety. Further drug research is needed to determine the most effective treatment for endometriosis.