Przeglądanie według Temat "historicism"

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Aesthetic and architectonic paradigms in Vienna church architecture at the turn of the 20 th century
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014-12) Scheidl, Inge
Vienna, the capital of the Habsburg monarchy and the seat of its rulers, in the 19 th century became a metropolis, and the rocketing city population necessitated the building of many new churches. One of the most important practical and theoretical problems was the “appropriate” style to be used in those constructions. The result of the debates conducted at the time was accepting the validity of the mediaeval styles, especially Gothic, considered to be the “ideal” language of church architecture. Forms borrowed from more recent epochs in art and architecture were noticeably less popular (in the theory of church building they were practically unanimously rejected). Reception of early modernism was also limited. Despite the supremacy of Neo-Gothic and the Neo-Romanesque style, Vienna churches of the turn of the 20 th century are characterized by great variety, which reflects the dilemmas of their creators.
Józef Mehoffer’s competition design for the polychrome decoration of the Franciscan Church in Kraków, 1894. An attempt to reconstruct the artist’s decorative concept
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2022-12) Studziżba-Kubalska, Beata
Józef Mehoffer’s competition design for the painting decoration of the Franciscan Church in Kraków in 1894 has not yet been found. This article is an attempt to reconstruct the artist’s decorative concept on the basis of the surviving sketches for the project, as well as notes drawn and written in a sketchbook from 1893–1894. The artist, who was in Paris in February 1894, heard about the competition from Tadeusz Stryjeński. The project he sent to the jury in May 1894 did not meet the formal requirements; it was too sketch-like and unpolished and was not accepted. Mehoffer began work on it with detailed studies of sources and iconography, documented by his drawings and notes in his sketchbook. These bear witness to his technical dependence on Jan Matejko and the painters of the historicist school. The artist’s meticulous approach in this respect was perhaps one of the reasons why the project was not completed within the three-month deadline set by the jury. A stylistic analysis of Mehoffer’s sketches for the decoration of the Franciscan Church leads to the conclusion that they were created under the influence of Matejko’s polychrome decoration of the presbytery of St Mary’s Church in Kraków, as well as other sacral decoration of the second half of the 19 th century, associated with the current of academic historicism – an important model for the Polish artist was undoubtedly the polychrome decoration of the chapels of Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris – by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc and Maurice Ouradou. Mehoffer owed much of his inspiration for the iconography of his design, in which the dominant motifs were depictions of 13 th -century Polish saints, nuns, female rulers and Piast princes, to Matejko’s work, "The Defeat of Legnica – The Rebirth of Poland. 1241", 1888. The overall vision for the decoration of the Franciscan Church, which he did not include in the competition design but described in his notes, went beyond historicism. It demonstrates the artist’s sensitivity to the new trends in art at the turn of the 20 th century, and the fact that he was already aware of the profound changes taking place in the style of monumental painting and in the perception of its function.
Romanticism towards history
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2024-12) Cieśla-Korytowska, Maria
The article concerns the attitude of Romanticism to history: the phenomenon of historicism and its pre-Romantic development, reaching out to the traditions of other cultures and nations, publication of works distant in time and space, the cult of the North and medievalism, interest in pre-Christian times and in the Middle Ages. Another perspective is constituted by relativisation of the point and time of reference in aesthetics, religion and poetic, visual and musical imagination, the emergence of the concept of picturesqueness, which defies clearly defined criteria. The issues of freedom and patriotism, determined by the historical situation of various countries, contribute to the special places in romantic culture held by Greece (its culture, art and eventual decline) and Poland. The article contains fragments of selected works created by Romantic writers and their predecessors from a number of European countries.
Stanowisko Ludwiga von Misesa wobec historycyzmu i empiryzmu
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2014) Szabaciuk, Wojciech
This article is an attempt to analyze of the standpoint's one of the most influential representative of Austrian Economics School against historicism and empiricism. This article shows that while Ludwig von Mises shared a standpoint of founder Austrian Economic School Carl Menger's against historicism, in the area of empirical methods in the social science differences between two key figures of Austrian School existed, and Mises rejected the empirical methods of Menger. The author of this article used an interpretative method of the social science and focused on the text's analysis. The article will conclude that in the opinion of Mises, historicism is the method of self-contradiction and empirical methods in the social science are imperfect and unreliable in the sphere of prediction future event.