Przeglądanie według Temat "archaeological theory"

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Changing archaeological paradigms and the interpretation of cemeteries
(Institute of Archaeology Rzeszów University, 2013) Błaszczyk, Dariusz
This article reviews and discusses different schools of archaeological thought and their approaches to the study of burials and cemeteries. The paper begins with discussion of traditional archaeology with its emphasis on investigating ethnic issues and looking for markers of ethnic affiliation and indicators of the wealth/social status of the deceased. Then, the contribution to the study of cemeteries made by processual archaeology with its interest in generalizations and relationships between material remains of mortuary practices and their social correlates is examined. Finally, the impact of post-processual archaeology with its focus on studying the symbolic meaning of mortuary evidence and the attention paid to the role played in funerary rituals by ideology is presented. It is stressed that the way archaeologists study cemeteries and the type of research questions they ask directly depends on the school of archaeological thought to which they belong. It is also proposed that all three of the main theoretical paradigms in contemporary archaeology are not necessarily contradictory but can be complimentary in revealing various aspects of mortuary evidence and possibilities of its interpretation.
Tool Dichotomies in a Period of Inter-epochal Transition – Philosophical and Anthropological Reflections on Post-Neolithic Dual Technology
(the Authors, 2023-12-29) Wolski, Damian
The presented publication is the end result of an authorial, post-doctoral research project devoted to the multi-aspect flint tool dichotomy at the turn of the Stone and Metal Ages. The results of use-wear analysis of archaeological materials from south-eastern Poland and the Moravia region of the Czech Republic, obtained by the author over the last decade, have been supplemented in this article with a philosophical component. By visualising the network of connections on the empirical-theory line, the explanatory value of the dichotomous lithic concept was raised. Moreover, the discourse on the period at the turn of the Stone and Metal Ages has been enriched with new interpretative solutions for economic and social issues of that time in prehistory. The author places his philosophical investigations within the hermeneutical approach. After the study of key terms (dichotomy, divergence, convergence), structuralist thought becomes the leading theme at the end of the article. The paper deals with the concepts of such thinkers as: Martin Heidegger, Hannah Arendt, and Claude Lévi-Strauss.