Przeglądanie według Temat "LNG"

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Inicjatywa pasa i szlaku jako instrument wzmocnienia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego ChRL
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Świetnicki, Łukasz
The rapid growth of the Chinese economy that started in December 1978 resulted in the equally fast growth of energy consumption. As a result of this process China became the biggest producer and consumer of energy in the world. However, since 1991 the level of energy production fell behind the level of energy consumption; consequently, China became a net importer of energy. The disproportion between production and consumption grew significantly bigger over time, becoming a threat to further economic development. China became more and more dependent on external factors, such as the so-called Malacca Dilemma. Now, more than ever before, China needs to work on finding a way to ensure its energy security. It needs to focus its action on diversifying both its energy structure and sources of energy imports. This paper aims to examine how the Belt and Road Initiative, announced in 2013, can strengthen Chinese energy security. For this purpose, the author will present three selected cases related to Belt and Road Initiative: the issue of resolving the Mallaca Dilemma, the promotion of green technology, and the promotion of development of Chinese Western Regions, which in turn might result in further increases in the level of energy consumption.
Zmiany w mechanizmach cenotwórczych na europejskim rynku gazu ziemnego
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Tarnawski, Marcin
The pricing mechanism on the European gas market is an interesting issue, mainly due to the changes on the international gas markets. Although the appearance on the market of LNG is the most significant factor affecting the raw material price, we cannot forget about the others: indexation to oil prices, long-term contracts, dominance of Russian gas in the eastern part of the continent, development of infrastructure (interconnectors), and gas storage. Although natural gas does not constitute the single most important source of energy, its role and importance for certain sectors of the economy, consumers (heating) and energy sector is very important. The presentation of the changes in the mechanism of gas pricing in Europe is the main objective of the article. Factors influencing these changes (inter alia the LNG policy of Gazprom) are presented in the second part of the study. While the first part will be limited to indicating the most important elements of the price formation mechanism in long-term contracts and hubs on the European market.