Przeglądanie według Autor "Kania, Anna"

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An overview of incidence and mechanisms promoting weight gain as an adverse effect of oral minoxidil therapy for androgenetic alopecia
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-06) Ciulkiewicz, Łukasz; Pełka, Maciej; Fijałkowska, Justyna; Kania, Anna
Introduction and aim. Androgenetic alopecia, with a mechanism based on the excessive response of hair follicles to androgens, affects a majority of people at some point in their lives, prompting them to seek therapy. Current treatment options for this condition include oral minoxidil, a medication associated with an adverse effect of fluid retention, potentially resulting in weight gain for certain individuals. In contemporary scientific literature, there aren’t many articles focusing solely on this specific side effect. The objective of this review is to explore links between taking oral minoxidil and fluid retention leading to weight gain in patients with androgenetic alopecia by examining available studies in order to understand the mechanisms behind this phenomenon and the dose dependence of fluid retention. Material and methods. A review of the literature was performed to find connections between oral minoxidil therapy and water retention-induced weight gain. Analysis of the literature. Clinical trials have demonstrated that low dose oral minoxidil therapy, within the range of 0.5 to 5 mg daily, leads to an improvement in both hair count and density. The incidence of side effects such as hypertrichosis, fluid retention, headache, dizziness, and insomnia, is relatively infrequent. Fluid retention rates varied between 0.22% in the Tanaka study and 10% of patients in the Panchaprateep study. The discontinuation of treatment was necessary in some instances, with the highest rate of 2.4% cases in the Jimenez-Cauhe study. A comparative analysis of studies on oral minoxidil use for refractory hypertension, within the range of 10 to 40 mg daily, revealed that nearly all patients required adding a diuretic to control fluid retention. Some patients discontinued the treatment due to the severity of side effects. In instances of minoxidil overdose, serious complications, including generalized edema, myocardial infarction, stroke, and pleural effusion, were observed. Across these studies, all patients recovered following the discontinuation of minoxidil treatment. The underlying mechanism behind oral minoxidil induced sodium and fluid retention, contributing to weight gain, is associated with alterations in the neurohumoral system, increased plasma renin activity, changes in renal hemodynamics with relocation of the blood circulation from outer to inner cortex, and tubular effect that can be connected to minoxidil ability to act as an opener of potassium channels in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle causing greater reabsorption of sodium and chloride. Conclusion. The frequency and severity of water retention promoting weight gain in individuals taking oral minoxidil are dose dependent. In most patients, minoxidil is a safe and effective treatment option for androgenetic alopecia. In some cases, due to rapid weight gain of 5 pounds or more, adding a diuretic or discontinuation may be required. Further research is necessary to better understand the mechanisms and dose dependence of minoxidil induced fluid retention, which promotes weight gain.
Selected treatment methods for colloid milium – a literature review
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-09) Ciulkiewicz, Łukasz; Pełka, Maciej; Fijałkowska, Justyna; Kania, Anna
Introduction and aim. Colloid milium is a rare degenerative skin condition of unknown origin. Typically, it affects sun-exposed areas of the skin. Nevertheless, non-sun-exposed areas may also be affected. Clinically it presents with yellow or red papules, filled with gelatinous masses. There are four subtypes of colloid milium, each with its distinct characteristics: adult, juvenile, nodular, and pigmented. Although diagnosis is primarily clinical, skin biopsy and various staining techniques are required to exclude similar diseases. There is no single effective treatment for colloid milium. Most methods involve the use of lasers, dermabrasion, and oral medications. Yet, the final results differ. Since this topic has not been addressed very frequently in recent literature, the purpose of this review is to present the currently available treatment methods for colloid milium. Material and methods. A literature review was performed to identify the most efficient treatment approaches for colloid milium, focusing on their effectiveness in eliminating nodules and preventing recurrence. Analysis of the literature. Due to its rarity and consequent lack of extensive scientific research, the number of available therapy options for colloid milium is limited. Commonly used treatment methods include lasers, oral medications, dermabrasion, and photodynamic therapy. Microablative fractionated CO2 laser treatment resulted in complete ablation of the lesions with no recurrence. Non-ablative fractional resurfacing after multiple therapies led to the total elimination of the lesions, with no signs of reappearance during follow-up. Dermabrasion required a lengthy healing process. During follow-up no new papules were detected. After multiple sessions of treatment with MAL-PDT, the skin was devoid of nodules and recurrence was prevented. Following full recovery, treatment with the long-pulsed ER:YAG laser revealed the skin without any textural changes, scars, or pigmentation. During follow-up, no new papules were reported. Oral medication provided insignificant results. The majority of patients undergoing these procedures did not need preparation or analgesia. However, non-ablative fractional resurfacing required topical analgesia with 30% lidocaine gel, long pulsed Er:YAG laser treatment demanded intravenous sedation, and dermabrasion involved axillary block analgesia. None of the procedures provoked adverse effects. Conclusion. Skin lesions caused by colloid milium may provoke esthetic concerns, prompting patients to remove them. However, available treatments methods are limited and yield varying outcomes. Among the prominent procedures are microablative fractionated CO2 laser, non-ablative fractional resurfacing, long pulsed ER:YAG laser, and treatment with MAL-PDT, which led to complete ablation, required minimal convalescence time, and provided long-lasting remission. Dermabrasion displayed partial results, with no observed relapse of colloid milium during follow-up. Oral treatment presented the least significant results. Further research is necessary in order to develop new treatment methods for colloid milium that are safe, effective, and affordable.