Przeglądanie według Autor "Demkowicz, Agata"

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Konflikt jezuitów i masonerii w „Elegii żałośnej, scil[icet], Tryumf francmasonów z wygnania jezuitów z Petersburga” Wincentego Wierzbiłowicza
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Demkowicz, Agata
„Elegia żałośna, scil[icet], Tryumf francmasonów z wygnania jezuitów z Petersburga”, signed by Wincenty Wierzbiłowicz, was composed in the circle of freemasons, soon after the expulsion of the members of the Society of Jesus from the then capital of the Russian Empire. The poem, which refers to the events that were painful to the Jesuits, is saturated with irony and derision. Even its title is ambiguous as in an ‘elegy’ the reader should be presented with poetry expressing grief and lamenting some loss. Yet the author of this composition proclaims his joy over the misfortune that befell the Jesuits. He discredits the value of their teaching and casts serious doubt upon the special bond with Christ that the Jesuits claimed to have. Also, he is sure that the removal of the followers of St Ignatius from Saint Petersburg will wipe out their sense of superiority over the “commoners” and put an end to their infamous equivocation. Wierzbiłowicz describes the Jesuits as “villains”, and the principles and ideas they expounded are associated by him with “filth”. At the end of the poem, its tone changes. The author applauds the designs of Alexander I. Initially, the tsar intended to unite all religions as one and to revive spiritual life beyond the confines of particular denominations. He planned to establish a universal Church. The idea of freedom of religion, propagated by freemasons, concurred with his venture. Freemasons supported Alexander’s initiative and voiced their conviction that, as the Jesuits had been expelled from the Russian capital city, no one could hinder the implementation of the project. It is not known if the Jesuits prepared any direct response to Elegia żałośna, but the reputation and respectability of the order were definitely defended by Józef Morelowski, a Jesuit poet from Połock (now Polatsk, Belarus). In his works, he attacked freemasonry, arguing that members of masonic lodges spread lies about the Society of Jesus.
Polityczne, historyczne i kulturowe aspekty unii polsko-litewskiej w twórczości Józefa Weyssenhoffa
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Demkowicz, Agata
Józef Weyssenhoff was a highly popular and widely read author at the end of the 19th and in the early 20th century. He was active as a writer, literary critic, and journalist during the time of the Young Poland movement and in the interwar period. He wrote his works at the turn of the two centuries and in the first decades of the new century. Throughout the later stage of his literary activity, i.e. from 1905 until his death, Weyssenhoff was greatly interested in politics. His contacts, reads, own observations and experiences in this matter gave rise to his tendentious political novels. The subjects he raised and reflected upon include the issue of the Polish-Lithuanian conflict, which caused a huge controversy in the first decades of the 20th century. Weyssenhoff demonstrated his own stance on the matter in his novel Union, published in 1910, which he wrote during the period of intensification of the national movement in Lithuania, particularly in Vilnius. The author regarded the movement to be politically dangerous, propagating hatred towards Poland, and able to cause the common cultural, historical, and political heritage of Poland and Lithuania to be destroyed. Young Lithuanian activists were acting to the detriment of the Polish language, depreciating the value of anything Polish. The conflict between Poland and Lithuania increased the risk of russification. The author suggested that what should be done in those circumstances was seek to restore the Polish-Lithuanian alliance. He showed the readers of his book how that process should be initiated. The marriage between the protagonists of Union: Kazimierz Rokszycki, a Pole, and Krystyna Sołomerecka, a Lithuanian, who loved their common motherland, serves as a symbol of a new, revived relationship between Poland and Lithuania.
Utwory religijne Konstancji Benisławskiej a tradycja mistyki hiszpańskiej (św. Teresa z Ávili, św. Jan od Krzyża)
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Demkowicz, Agata
Konstancja Benisławska was the author of only one collection, entitled "Pieśni sobie śpiewane" ["Songs Sung to Oneself, by Konstancja von Ryck Benisławska, wife of the pantler of the Duchy of Livonia, published with encouragement from friends and taken from rural shadow into daylight in Vilnus in 1776"]. It was published in a special period for the Republic of Poland when ideologies from Western Europe became popular in our country. Under the influence of views of French encyclopaedists and Voltaire, efforts for a thorough reform of political, social and cultural institutions began to be made. Transformations were the major talking point in press and literature of those days. Some social circles i.e. representatives of aristocracy, rich nobility and even clergy, started to become interested in the new laic model of spiritual life proposed by Western thinkers. According to philosophers, the Catholic Church proclaimed outdated ideas and stood in the way of development and civilization. Despite the applause for anti-Catholic ideas, the role and teachings of the Catholic Church in the Republic of Poland were not questioned. It contributed to a free development of religious literature. The volume of Benisławska, who was shaped in the spirit of great Spanish mystics, was inspired by love towards God. That feeling mobilizes the poet to continuous search for contact with the Creator, entering into deeper relations. The volume, which is a sort of “poetic prayer book,” is an account of her spiritual experience and feelings.
Wypędzenie jezuitów z Imperium Rosyjskiego na podstawie fragmentów "Wygnańca z Białej Rusi" Jana Galicza
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2012) Demkowicz, Agata
This publication concerns Jan Galicz’s memoirs devoted to the expulsion of Jesuits from Russia. They were written in the form similar to a journey diary. It means that the diarist did not respect all the principles of the genre. Galicz’s narrative was divided into days but he not always gave the precise date with the day of the week to the descriptions and events. He was also not consequent in using markings like ‘in the morning’, ‘in the afternoon’, ‘after dinner’, characteristic for the daily narrative. Their usage would significantly influence the preservation of chronology of events. The Jesuit from Belarus only from time to time uses expressions like ‘after lunch’, ‘in the afternoon’, ‘at five o’clock’. Galicz did not pay attention to systematic daily narrative which constitutes a crucial indication of the diary genre. The cited excerpts from the diaries left by Galicz prove that his diaries do not belong to the group of distinguished works on the background of the output of Polish Enlightenment period. However, he makes reference to very important events in the history of the order. Moreover, he describes them from the perspective of their direct witness and participant.