European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.21, z. 2 (2023)
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- PozycjaThe effect of weight loss on serum ceruloplasmin levels in obese patients(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Yigit, Ece; Sayar, IlknurIntroduction and aim. Serum ceruloplasmin level may be a biomarker associated with obesity and cardiovascular risk. We aimed to evaluate the effect of body weight lost by diet and exercise program on metabolic parameters and serum ceruloplasmin levels in obese patients. Material and methods. A total of 120 obese patients with BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 were enrolled in a 16-week balanced diet program with the goal of losing 10% or more of body weight while maintaining a daily energy deficit of 500-1000 kcal/day. Results. Mean weights of the patients decreased from 93.2±15.1 kg to 83.2±13.1 kg (p<0.001) and mean BMI decreased from 35.8±5.6 kg/m 2 to 31.9±4.9 kg/m 2 (p<0.001). Mean ceruloplasmin decreased from 25.2±4.7 mg/dL to 23.6±4.9 mg/dL (p<0.001), mean total cholesterol from 191.8±37.1 mg/dL to 153.8±28.7 mg/dL (p<0.001), mean LDL from 120.3±31.4 mg/dL to 91.1±27.7 mg/dL (p<0.001) and mean fasting blood glucose from 108.2±35 mg/dL to 103.3±81.1 mg/dL (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant and weak correlation between the change in ceruloplasmin and the change in BMI (p=0.016, R=0.233). There was a statistically significant and weak correlation between ceruloplasmin change and weight change (p=0.010, R=0.251). Conclusion. Obese patients’ serum ceruloplasmin levels were found to decrease with weight loss.
- PozycjaAnemia – a scourge to maternal and child development in Bihar, India(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Nirala, Santosh Kumar; Rao, Rajath; Naik, Bijaya Nanda; Patil, Shreyas; Verma, Manisha; Singh, CM; Pandey, SanjayIntroduction and aim. Anemia remains a leading contributor to years lived with disability (YLDs), being responsible for 50.3 million (5.82%) YLDs worldwide and 19.3 million (12.03%) YLDs in India, respectively. Results of the National Family Health Survey 2019-2021 (NFHS-5) suggest a high burden of anemia in India among women of reproductive age and children aged 6-59 months at the national level (57%, 67.1%), and in the state of Bihar, India (63.5%, 69.4%). Iron deficiency is the leading cause, accounting for more than half the cases. Anemia bodes harmful implications for both the mother and child, with long-lasting consequences for the latter. Anemia control programs have yielded little benefit despite efforts stretching over five decades. This narrative review aims to highlight the burden of anemia and the probable factors behind it among under-5 children and women of reproductive age in the Indian state of Bihar. Material and methods. The paper is a narrative review. The following databases were used to search and select literature: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. In addition, the websites of relevant government departments and national health programs were searched for pertinent material. Analysis of the literature. A multitude of reasons seem to be behind the unabated high prevalence in Bihar: low socioeconomic status, gender disparities, traditional customs and practices, food insecurity, lack of diverse diets, poor consumption, and no adherence to iron and folic acid (IFA) supplements, groundwater contamination with arsenic and fluoride, and supply chain mismanagement, all playing roles of varying degree. Conclusion. An all-encompassing approach and not merely the provision of IFA supplements are necessary to unravel the intricate web of factors that lead to anemia.
- PozycjaThe interaction of synbiotic of the environment and the endoecosystem as one of the mechanisms of action of balneotherapy(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Popovych, Igor L.; Zukow, Walery A.; Fil, Vitalii M.; Kovalchuk, Halyna Y.; Bryndzia, Iryna V.; Voloshyn, Olena R.; Kopko, Iryna Y.; Lupak, Oksana M.; Skrobach, Taras B.Introduction and aim. Drinking mineral waters are one of the environmental factors that affect the condition of the human body. Of particular interest are therapeutic waters of the Naftussya type, which contain autochthonous microbes and organic oil-like substances and can be considered as a kind of ecosystem. On the other hand, gastrointestinal tract also is an ecosystem that associates a resident microbiota and cells of various phenotypes lining the epithelial wall. We assumed that one of the mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of Naftussya water is the interaction of external and internal ecosystems. This article is the first in a series in support of the hypothesis. Material and methods. The object of clinical-physiological observation were residents of the city of Truskavets’ (21 men aged 24-67 years and 8 women 33-76 years) with chronic pyelonephritis in remission. The objects of study: leukocyturia, bacteriuria, components of microbiota, phagocytosis function of neutrophils, leukocytary adaptation index, plasma and urine electrolytes and nitrogenous metabolites. Results. The weekly use of bioactive Naftussya water from the Opaka deposit causes a favorable normalizing effect on the stool microbiota: it increases the reduced content of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, instead it reduces the increased content of pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, as well as Klebsiela and Proteus. Reduction of dysbacteriosis is accompanied by an increase in the reduced bactericidal capacity of blood neutrophils against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and reduction of bacteriuria and leukocyturia. At the same time, the elevated level of creatinine in the plasma decreases, instead, the decreased levels of sodium and chloride increase. As expected, the daily diuresis and excretion of urea, creatinine, phosphates, calcium, magnesium and chloride increases, but not sodium and uric acid, the concentrations of which in the urine decrease. The described physiologically beneficial effects are interpreted as adaptogenic, which is confirmed by an increase in the reduced leukocyte adaptation index. Conclusion. The healing effect of Naftussya bioactive water is the result of the interaction of external and internal ecosystems. The next article will consider the role of the nervous and endocrine systems in this interaction.
- PozycjaA promising approach to wound healing – in-vivo study of carbon nanodots infused PVA hydrogel with Kamias extract as antibacterial wound dressing(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Hipolito, Marilene C.Introduction and aim. The use of carbon nanodots (C-nanodots) synthesized from Kamias leaves for developing antibacterial wound dressings has gained attention due to their potential in promoting wound healing and contraction. To extract Kamias leaves, synthesize C-nanodots through microwave-assisted pyrolysis, characterize the synthesized C-nanodots, and test the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel infused with C-nanodots for antibacterial activity and wound contraction in Sprague Dawley rats. Material and methods. Kamias leaves extract was used to synthesize C-nanodots with varying amounts of monoethanolamine. The C-nanodots were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, electron microscope, and the paper disk method. The PVA hydrogel infused with C-nanodots was tested for antibacterial activity and wound contraction in Sprague Dawley rats. Results. The synthesized C-nanodots exhibited antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Subtilis bacillus, with a zone of inhibition ranging from 15 mm to 23.6 mm at different concentrations. The carbon nanodots-PVA hydrogel patch showed potential wound healing ability, with significant differences in wound contraction compared to the positive and negative controls. Conclusion. C-nanodots synthesized from Kamias extract have potential applications in antibacterial and wound healing fields. However, further studies are required to investigate the mechanism of action and potential side effects of using carbon nanodots in these applications.
- PozycjaAnalgesic effects of ethyl chloride spray in venepuncture – a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blind study(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Gur, Ali; Cakmak, FatmaIntroduction and aim. This study evaluated whether ethyl chloride spray had an analgesic effect on pain intensity caused by venepuncture compared to a placebo. Material and methods. A total of 339 patients were randomly divided into two groups: The group in which ethyl chloride spray was applied (n=212) and the placebo group (n=127). The analgesic efficacy of ethyl chloride spray was compared with the placebo group using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results. When the analgesic efficacy of ethyl chloride spray was compared with the placebo group, the VAS score was 4 [interquartile range (IQR): 1.0] for the ethyl chloride spray group and 5 (IQR: 2.0) for the placebo group. The efficacy of ethyl chloride spray in reducing pain was statistically significant compared to the placebo (p<0.001). Conclusion. Ethyl chloride spray has analgesic activity in venepuncture. Therefore, this spray can be used at the emergency departments to reduce pain intensity in patients undergoing such interventions.
- PozycjaParathyroid adenoma in a 15-year-old girl with recurrent urolithiasis(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Kucaba, Patrycja; Dziadzio-Gąsior, Katarzyna; Podlasek, Robert; Bar, Piotr; Korczowski, BartoszIntroduction and aim. The incidence of urolithiasis in children has been growing steadily for several decades, and it accounts for an increasing percentage of hospitalizations. Kidney stones are deposits of various mineral salts. Most of them are composed of calcium, favored by hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the reasons for increased calcium levels in the blood. Description of the case. A 15-year-old girl was hospitalized due to recurrent urolithiasis. Investigations revealed hypercalcemia with elevated parathyroid hormone. Ultrasound of the thyroid gland showed a local change near the lower pole of its right lobe, and Sestamibi nuclear scan confirmed the presence of the adenoma of the lower right parathyroid gland. Surgical removal of the parathyroid gland with the present adenoma was performed. Calcium and phosphate homeostasis parameters and the kidneys’ ultrasound image were without any significant deviations from the norm. Conclusion. After finding the cause of recurrent urolithiasis, the applied surgical treatment resolved all disease manifestations.
- PozycjaThe needs of children questionnaire – Turkish cross-cultural adaptation(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Kurt, Aylin; Dinç, FatmaIntroduction and aim. Determining the needs of children hospitalized for treatment is important in terms of identifying children who are more at risk and developing support systems for the child and the family. We aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish needs of children questionnaire (NCQ) and cross-culturally adapt it to the Turkish language. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted using a total of 160 children aged 5-16 years who were hospitalized between May 2021 and May 2022. The linguistic, content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency of NCQ were assessed. Results. NCQ had a four-factor structure consisting of two categories and explained 76% of the total variance. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.748, 0.799, 0.821, and 0.802 for the subscales of Caring, Information, Activities, and Relationships, respectively; and 0.893 for the total score. Inter-item correlations ranged from 0.149 to 0.702 (p<0.05). Conclusion. NCQ has a high level of validity and reliability for Turkish society. Turkish children aged 5 to 16 years were able to comprehend this instrument and express their needs and feelings about their hospitalization period.
- PozycjaWhole-body vibration on lower limb flexibility and extensibility – a randomized clinical trial(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) da Silva Morais, Carla Cristina; Misiak, Gabriele Favaro; Santin, Ligia Maria; de Carvalho, Alberito Rodrigo; Bertolini, Gladson Ricardo FlorIntroduction and aim. The whole-body vibration has become known for optimizing the production of muscle power due to mechanical oscillations that are dependent on vibration frequency. However, the effects of varying the vibration frequency on flexibility have still been little explored. Compare the effects of two frequencies of whole-body vibration on flexibility and extensibility of the lower limbs. Material and methods. Randomized clinical trial with a sample of 42 young adult volunteers of both sexes, who performed squatting sessions with individualized load on a platform and distributed into three groups of vibration frequency: control group (CG), with the platform off; low frequency group (LF), with a frequency of 30 Hz; high frequency group (HF), with a frequency of 45 Hz. In total, the intervention was carried out in 12 sessions and lasted 6 weeks, with 2 sessions per week. Flexibility, evaluated before and after the intervention by the sit and reach test (Wells bench) and by evaluating the extensibility of the ischiotibials by goniometry. Results. No statistical differences were observed for any of the outcomes evaluated. Conclusion. None of the proposed frequencies produced gains in flexibility and extensibility of the lower extremities and there was no superiority of one frequency over another.
- PozycjaEffect of photodynamic therapy with hypericin on the secretion of selected cytokines of colorectal cancer cells tested in vitro(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Międzybrodzka, Anna; Kawczyk-Krupka, Aleksandra; Aebisher, David; Cieślar, Grzegorz; Czuba, Zenon PawełIntroduction and aim. Photodynamic therapy is a complex process involving the introduction of photosensitizers into the patient’s body and irradiation of them in order to destroy the lesion, and activate the immune system. An important role in photodynamic therapy is played by photobiochemical and physical mechanisms that affect the tumor vessels and lead to the death of the damaged cell. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of photodynamic therapy with the use of Hypericin (Hyp) on the secretion of selected cytokines by colorectal cancer cells. Material and methods. Two colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 and SW620 were used in the study. Cells treated Hypericin were exposed to visible light. Then cell viability was determined by the MTT assay with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. Assays were performed for control samples without hypericin and light exposure, with Hyp without light exposure, without Hyp and irradiated with light, and test samples with Hyp and light exposure. Results. In the experiment we reveal, that Hyp- photodynamic activity does not influence the secretion of cytokines. Conclusion. The obtaining results confirming the destructive effect of Hyp- PDT on the colon cancer cells, show a possibility of extending the indication for photodynamic therapy using Hyp, qualification of precancerous changes.
- PozycjaContribution of semiquantitative analysis with dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to the differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Düzkalır, Hanife Gülden; Kış, Naciye; Urgun, Deniz Akay; Ağaçlı, Mehmet Oğuzhan; Kılıçoğlu, Zeynep GamzeIntroduction and aim. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI semiquantitative analysis values in focal liver lesions (FLL) to provide additional qualities that can be used in daily practice in the differential diagnosis of lesions. Material and methods. This retrospective study included 91 patients with liver masses on DCE-MRI. The sensitivity and specificity of time intensity curves (TIC) and semiquantitative analysis values were evaluated to differentiate benign and malignant lesions. Results. The study included 91 patients (376 lesions), aged between 28-81 years. Of the lesions, 303 were malignant and 73 were benign. In TIC semiquantitative analysis, it was found that “Tpeak” and “wash-out” rate values showed differences, especially in the differentiation of HCC, metastasis, and hemangioma. Area under curve, maximum relative enhancement, and “wash-in” and “wash-out” values of metastases and hemangiomas were different. Brevity of enhancement values of HSK, hemangiomas, and metastases were found to be different. The risk of malignancy was found to be high when the “wash-out” ratio was above 0.08 (sensitivity: 64.3%, specificity: 70.4%). Conclusion. We think that the 0.08 threshold value we found for the washout ratio with DCE-MRI semiquantitative analysis data will be useful in daily practice in the differentiation of malignant and benign FLL.
- PozycjaEffects of core-stabilization and trunk balance exercises on clinical parameters in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain – a randomized pilot study(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Fapojuwo, Oluseun Akinleye; Akodu, Ashiyat Kehinde; Ositelu, Adurayemi EstherIntroduction and aim. This study compared the efficacy of core stabilization (CSE) and trunk balance exercises (TBE) with flexibility training on pain-related disability (PRD), psychological status (PS) and fear avoidance belief (FAB) in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). Material and methods. Twenty-eight (28) participants diagnosed of NSCLBP were randomly assigned into CSE, TBE, and control groups (CG). Participants in CSE (n=10); TBE (n=8) and CG groups (n=10) received core stabilization exercise, trunk balance exercise and back care advice respectively. All participants received flexibility training in addition to treatment in their respective groups. Assessment of outcomes were done at baseline, end of 4 th and 8 th week. Results. There was significant improvement in all outcomes in the CSE, TBE and CG at 8 weeks; PRD (p=0.005, p=0.008, p=0.005), PS: depression (p=0.005, p=0.008, p=0.007); anxiety (p=0.005, p=0.007) and FAB about work (p=0.005, p=0.007, p=0.005); about physical activity (p=0.005, p=0.018, p=0.006). Comparison of outcomes between CSE and TBE groups showed no significant difference (p>0.05) Conclusion. Both CSE and TBE with flexibility training are effective in improving PRD, PS and FAB of patients with NSCLBP.
- PozycjaInnate defenses to intestinal cell death in necrotizing enterocolitis – spotlight on macrophage efferocytosis and its efficacy in rescuing inflamed intestinal mucosa(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Kanuri, Sri Harsha; Bagang, Newly; Ulucay, Ayse Sena; Pandey, Popular; Singh, GaaminpreetIntroduction and aim. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a grave gastrointestinal disease of preterm infants which is widely prevalent in the neonatal intensive care units. Current treatment options are very limited with high mortality and morbidity. With no disease specific interventions, understanding nascent cellular events that occur immediately after microbial insult can offer insights for devising novel treatment options for curtailing the disease progression in NEC. In this regard, intestinal cell death in NEC is a primordial cell-signaling event and is regarded as a harbinger of future pathological derangements such as increased intestinal permeability, intestinal dys-homeostasis, and systemic inflammation. Material and methods. We performed PubMed search of relevant articles that describes the host response to intestinal cell death in NEC by cellular battalion including dendritic cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages which are important in containing intestinal inflammation. Analysis of the literature. We particularly focused this review on enumerating macrophage efferocytosis, and pertinent novel treatment modalities based on this physiological process that has inherent capability for down regulating inflammation and promoting tissue repair in NEC. We highlighted its mechanistic aspect including mediators, receptors and signaling mechanisms and its physiological significance. Conclusion. Macrophage efferocytosis is an overlooked and undervalued physiological defense mechanism to clear the dying intestinal epithelial cells for facilitating tissue healing and restoring the intestinal homeostasis. Any impairment of this critical defense mechanism can result in rapid clinical progression and systemic complications. Understanding its importance in the pathogenesis of NEC is important for designing novel therapeutic interventions to attenuate disease progression.
- Pozycjap-Coumaric acid as a potent additive in blood storage solution(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Rajanand, Magdaline Christina; Hsieh, Carl; Pallavi, Masannagari; Nayak, Ashabaree; John, Maria Shilpa; Malik, Shivangi; Vempati, Vaishnavi; Thacker, Yasmin; Rajashekaraiah, VaniIntroduction and aim. Stored erythrocytes develop lesions involving changes in their structure and function reducing their efficacy. Oxidative Stress (OS) being one of the main causes of storage lesion, can be attenuated by antioxidants as additives in the storage solution. This study aims to evaluate the effect of p-Coumaric acid (CA) on erythrocytes during whole blood storage. Material and methods. Blood collected from Male Wistar rats was stored at 4°C in CPDA-1 solution for 21 days. Blood samples were stored with and without 1mM CA (CA 1) and 10 mM CA (CA 10). The erythrocytes were isolated every week during storage and the biomarkers for OS and antioxidant status were analysed. Results. Superoxide dismutase and catalase elevated on day 14. Conjugate dienes decreased in CA 10 on day 14. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances increased on day 7 and decreased on day 14 in CA groups. Protein sulfhydryls decreased in controls and CA 1 on day 14 whereas, it was maintained in CA 10. Conclusion. Coumaric acid upregulated the antioxidant enzymes and protected the cells from oxidative damage. Thus, coumaric acid can be employed as a potent additive during storage and opens new avenues of employing it in similar OS situations in erythrocytes.
- PozycjaSatisfaction with perinatal care in women giving birth during the COVID-19 pandemic(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Bejer, Agnieszka; Dziedzic, Agnieszka; Fedurko, Weronika; Frydrych, Angelika; Świst, Bernadetta; Schwartz, Marta; Majcher, Angelika; Inglot, AdrianIntroduction and aim. The role of a medical team during the perinatal period is significant, since it not only focuses on the patients’ physical health, but also impacts mental wellbeing. The aim of this study is to compare the level of satisfaction with the quality of care provided by healthcare professionals during pregnancy and perinatal period before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and method. The study was conducted among 102 women who had at least two births, one in the pre-pandemic period and the other during the pandemic. An original questionnaire (53 items) was used to assess the quality of medical care. Results. The assessment of the quality of medical care, and the emotional and informational support received from medical personnel during pregnancy and perinatal care was significantly higher before the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.001). During the pandemic, the respondents experienced significantly more anxiety about their health (p=0.027) and their baby’s health (p=0.028) as well as anxiety caused by the lack of a partner during labor (p<0.001). Conclusion. It is necessary to further evaluate the quality of medical care for pregnant and perinatal women in order to determine the best possible procedures for the functioning of health care in the time of a pandemic.
- PozycjaThe relationship of biochemical parameters and radiological parameters in the evaluation of the clinical severity of acute pancreatitis in the emergency department – a retrospective analysis(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Tortum, Fatma; Tekin, Erdal; Aydın, Fahri; Özdal, Emine; Tatlısu, KübraIntroduction and aim. Computed tomography severity index (CTSI) and Balthazar score are among the most frequently used scorings in the determination of severe acute pancreatitis. The primary purpose of this study is evaluation of the effects of biochemical parameters, Balthazar score and CTSI on mortality in acute pancreatitis. At the same time, correlations with biochemical parameters, CTSI and Balthazar score were evaluated in patients with AP. Material and methods. In this study, the amylase, lipase, CRP, and procalcitonin values of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis were retrospectively recorded. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images obtained at the time of presentation to the emergency department or within seven days of admission were re-evaluated by two radiologists. The CTSI scores and Balthazar scores of the patients were calculated. Results. The study included 240 patients. The amylase level of the patients was positively correlated with the Balthazar score at a statistically significant level (R=0.189, p=0.003). In addition,, the relationship between pancreatic scoring systems and mortality, the AUC value for CTSI was 0.9 (95% CI: 0.826-0.973) and was higher than other scoring systems. Conclusion. CTSI had better performance in the prediction of mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis.
- PozycjaBlood pressure profile and nutritional status of pupils benefitting from the National Home-Grown School Feeding Programme in southwest Nigeria(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Ajayi, Ike Oluwapo Oyeneye; Oyewole, Oyediran Emmanuel; Onabanjo, Oluseye Olusegun; Olawuwo, Morenikeji Folasade; Salisu, OluwadolapoIntroduction and aim. Childhood hypertension is an important precursor to adult hypertension. This study was used to investigate blood pressure level and nutritional status of pupils in public primary schools that were benefitting from the National Home Grown School Feeding Programme in southwest Nigeria. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study conducted among randomly selected 40 public primary schools where feeding programme was on-going in Oyo and Ogun States. Pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the pupils. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure readings were assessed using relevant tools. Results. Some of the pupils (129; 41.6%) aged 10-15 years (p<0.0001) were stunted compared to those aged 5-9years (60; 11.3%). Undernutrition among pupils aged 10-15 years was 47.7%, which was significantly higher than (p<0.0001) among pupils aged 5-9 years, 18.5%. Overall, prevalence of hypertension among the pupils was 6.0%. No significant difference between male and female groups with regards to MUAC (p=0.115), blood pressure (p=0.302) and BMI-for-age (p=0.100). A significant association found between blood pressure and BMI-for-age (p=0.004). Conclusion. Prevalence of blood pressure among the pupils assessed suggests more presence of high blood pressure in the population of primary school pupils. School feeding programme could be an avenue to improve nutritional indices among the pupils.
- PozycjaRelationship between obesity, insulin resistance and cell membrane properties(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Ahyayauch, HasnaIntroduction and aim. The obesity is one of the greatest public health problems in developing countries and it is a triggering factor for diabetes associated with insulin resistance. The importance of cell membrane lipids as essential regulators of insulin resistance, since changes in the dynamic properties of the cell membrane (e.g., membrane fluidity), could be one of the events by which obesity affects insulin sensitivity. Thus, the insulin resistance may not only be a cause but also a consequence of lipid disorders such as dyslipidemia and/or cell membrane phospholipid composition change. The modification of plasma membrane lipid composition can change membrane biophysical properties and thus influencing protein-lipid interactions, enzymatic activity and regulation of surface receptors. Alterations in the lipid composition modify the fluidity of plasma membranes and the expression of membrane functions, such as receptor binding and enzyme activities. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the effects of the modulation of plasma membrane lipid composition and membrane fluidity in the functionality of membrane proteins involved in insulin activity, including the insulin receptor, glucose transport and Na + /K + ATPase and, in turn, the key features of the metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. References for that article were found through PubMed and Google Scholar, using terms: “obesity”, “insulin resistance” and “membrane properties”. The research was limited to abstracts and available full-text articles. Analysis of the literature. There is a strong relationship between dietary lipids, membrane lipid profiles and insulin resistance. The changes in the dynamic properties of the cell membrane (e.g., membrane fluidity), could be one of the events by which obesity affects insulin sensitivity. The modification of plasma membrane lipid composition can change membrane biophysical properties and thus influencing protein–lipid interactions, enzymatic activity, and regulation of surface receptors. Modifications of membrane phospholipid composition could have a role in the insulin action by altering membrane fluidity and, as a consequence, the insulin signaling pathway. Conclusion. As conclusion the membrane-lipid therapy approach can be used to treat important pathologies such as obesity and many others diseases such as : cancer, cardiovascular pathologies, neurodegenerative processes, obesity, metabolic disorders, inflammation, and infectious and autoimmune diseases. This pharmacological strategy aims to regulate cell functions by influencing lipid organization and membrane fluidity, inducing a concomitant modulation of membrane protein localization and activity which might serve to reverse the pathological state. Through this review we suggest an in-depth analysis of the membrane lipid therapy field, especially its molecular bases and its relevance to the development of innovative therapeutic approaches.
- PozycjaCare dependency in radiation oncology patients and related factors – a descriptive study(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Burucu, Rukiye; Alanyalı, Zehra; Öztürk, HuriyeIntroduction and aim. The incidence of cancer is increasing on a daily basis. One of the methods used for treatment is radiotherapy. Owing to interventions during the radiotherapy process, the patient may experience care dependency. In this study, the aim was to investigate care dependence and related factors in radiation oncology patients. Material and methods. This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Data were collected between September 2020 and September 2021. In the collection of data, a sociodemographic information form and a Care Dependency Scale were used. The sample consisted of 52 people. Results. Number of participants was 52, mean age was 60.25±11.715, mean care dependency score (initial) 66.19±18.966, mean care addiction score (final) 66.27±22.795. Conclusion. The care dependency of patients hospitalized in the radiation oncology clinic is moderate. The care dependency of these patients decreased partially during their stay in the clinic. The patient’s inability to walk, speak and the presence of a companion affected the patient’s condition. By evaluating the care dependency levels of the patients, the awareness of the nurses about their patients can be increased. In addition, it may be appropriate to consider the care dependency levels of the patients for the nurse workforce planning to work in the oncology clinic.
- PozycjaHome care experiences of mothers of children with tracheostomies – a qualitative study(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) Donmez, Hatice; Gozetici, ElifIntroduction and aim. Parents of children who are addicted to technology have many problems in home care. This study aimed to describe the home care experiences of mothers of children with tracheostomies. Material and methods. The study adopted Husserl’s phenomenological method, a qualitative research design. The sample consisted of 23 mothers of children with tracheostomies followed up in the pediatric pulmonology outpatient clinic of a university hospital. All participants cared for their children at home. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview questionnaire. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Results. Children (12 girls and 11 boys) had a mean age of 3.43±3.326 years. The mean age of tracheostomy insertion was 2.8±2.508 years. Seventeen children were on ventilator support. All participants were mothers with a mean age of 32.34±6.00 years. Half the mothers had primary school degrees (52.2%). The interviews revealed one main theme (burnout), three subthemes (social isolation, perception of competence, and regrets), and five categories (burden of care, fear, awareness, decisions, and role confusion). Conclusion. Mothers of children with tracheostomies experience numerous problems when they provide home care. They mostly have difficulty improving themselves and enduring role confusion. We must address the issues mothers of children with tracheostomies face during home care to reduce the prevalence of potential complications and improve the quality of care for both them and their children.
- PozycjaNurse academicians’ experiences in the pandemic and their perspectives on future pandemics – a qualitative study(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023-06) İnce, Sevecen Çelik; Dinçer, YelizIntroduction and aim. The COVID-19 pandemic, which affects the whole world, has also significantly affected nurses, nursing students and nursing academicians. This study aims to determine the experiences of nurse academicians and their perspectives on possible future pandemics. Material and methods. The study is a descriptive qualitative type. It was conducted in September-December 2022 in the Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, of a university located in the west of Turkey. The sample of the study consisted of 11 nurse academicians. Personal Information Form, Interview Form on COVID-19 Pandemic Experiences and voice recorder were used to collect data. Data analysis was done with content analysis. Results. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained from the interviews, four main themes emerged: (1) nurse academicians and nursing education in the pandemic, (2) the impact of the pandemic on life, (3) the gains in the pandemic, and (4) suggestions for future pandemics. Conclusion. As a result of this study, it was determined that nurse academicians’ families, social, and academic lives, and health were deeply affected during the pandemic, but they also found opportunities during the pandemic. It is thought that guidelines and action plans are needed to ensure the safety of nursing education for future pandemic-like situations and to minimize the problems experienced by academic nurses. For this, it is recommended to reconsider the technical possibilities and methods of education.