Tematy i Konteksty 7(12) 2017
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Pogranicza jako przestrzenie... konfliktów: zło konieczne?
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- PozycjaStwarzanie Australii(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Jaroszyński, AndrzejThe review of Magdalena Bąk’s „Gdzie diabeł (tasmański) mówi dobranoc. Wizerunek Australii w literaturze polskiej” (Where a (Tasmanian) devil says good-bye. The image of Australia in Polish literature) outlines a well-researched presentation of Australian interests in Polish literature in the historical context. The publication is recognized for its pioneering attempt to show a diversity of Australian topics in a variety of literary genres (travel books, memoires, personal accounts, novel and poetry). The reviewed book is also valued for its focus on the forgotten chapter of the 19th century Polish works dealing with Australia.
- PozycjaPochwała Jubileuszu. O świętowaniu dwudziestopięciolecia Zakładu Literatury Staropolskiej i Polskiego Oświecenia w Uniwersytecie Rzeszowskim(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Trościński, GrzegorzThe subject of the report is the jubilee of the 25th anniversary of the Department of Old Polish Literature and the Literature of Polish Enlightenment at the University of Rzeszow. The celebration took place on 14th December 2016. It gathered the authorities of the Rzeszow University, the Institute of Polish Philology, the employees of the Department and numerous guests from other scientific units of the Faculty. During the meeting occasional publication entitled „Staropolskie i oświeceniowe tematy i preteksty” (Old-Polish and Enlightenment topics and pretexts). It is filled with the present employees’ of the Department works and the jubilee presentation of its output and the output of people constituting the Department in the past and at present. An occasional lecture was delivered by Professor Jerzy Jarzębski.
- PozycjaKonferencja naukowa „Jesteśmy wszędzie i nigdzie”. Twórczość literacka, translatorska, krytycznoliteracka i naukowa Andrzeja Buszy(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Pasterski, JanuszThis outline is a report from the Polish Scientific Conference „Jesteśmy wszędzie i nigdzie”. Twórczość literacka, translatorska, krytycznoliteracka i naukowa Andrzeja Buszy („We are everywhene and nowhere”. Literary, trnaslating, critical and scientific output of Andrzej Busza) which took place in Rzeszow on 3-4 November 2016. The aim of the conference was reflection on the literary but also translating, critical and scientific output of Andrzej Busza, an emigrant Polish poet connected with the London group “Continents”, a retired English professor at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, an expert in the output of Joseph Conrad, residing for many years in Canada. Among the topics discussed by the researchers there were, among others, issues of literary tradition, individual poetic style, problems and autobiography.
- PozycjaKonflikt z perspektywy erystyki i eutoryki(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Korwin-Piotrowska, DorotaThe article analyzes conflict as a phenomenon connected with persuasion – close to disputes or quarrels, yet not identical with them. The background for the considerations encompasses works from various fields: sociology, linguistics, philosophy, and psychology, but rhetoric remains in the very center. The author characterizes its part dealing with absolute winning in disputes, i.e. eristic, and it presents a counterbalance to it and to the agonistic attitude. This complement is eutoric (author’s own term) as a branch of rhetoric which concentrates on positive communication based on mutual listening, empathy and a constructive dialogue, which favors prevention of conflicts, or possibly resolving them. Eutoric has its source in philosophy of dialogue, pragmalinguistics, psychology of persuasion, as well as in the theory and practice connected with mediations and negotiations.
- PozycjaKazimiery Iłłakowiczówny dyskurs o utraconej ojczyźnie(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Szpunar, KarolinaKazimiera Iłłakowiczówna’s literary output is unusually rich. The poet was born in Vilnius and she spent her youth in Polish Livonia (now Latvia) which topography played a crucial role in her literary work. The loss of this “little homeland” contributed to the specific creation of the country of her childhood. Livonia and Lithuania became for the author of “The Lithuanian Nightingale” the source of both idyll and pain; the peculiar Way of the Cross. In her works the poet mourns and recalls the lost homeland. She also tries to persuade the warring nations to forgive and make peace. She prays for the disappearance of the borders.
- PozycjaPogranicza jako przestrzenie… konfliktów: zło konieczne?(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Stanisz, Marek; Uliasz, StanisławPresented article is an introduction to the discussion devoted to literary representations of borderland conflicts. Borderland understood as an imagined sphere of confrontation between various interests and social groups is presented in literature not only as space of peaceful coexistence of diverse communities and varieties but also as the domain of conflict and confrontation of social groups and individuals. It seems that so far the images of borderland conflicts have not been sufficiently reflected in literature studies. This article is an attempt to systematize detailed issues connected with these problems.
- PozycjaKonflikt młodzi – starzy w łonie drugiej emigracji niepodległościowej (na przykładzie środowiska londyńskiego w latach 1949–1966). Część I(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Moczkodan, RafałTransgenerational conflicts, complaints of the representatives of the older generation on the younger one, objections put forward by the latter to the former are phenomena equally common and, one may say, everlasting (even Plato complained about the Athens youth). War emigrants who found their places in the West of Europe right after they finished their active participation in fights, most frequently left their homeland as mature and well-shaped people. They were assumed as the “old” generation. They were accompanied by children and the youth who got their education in the foreign land, started employment, settled families and also took their first steps on the cultural ground. They were assumed as the “young” generation. Taking these names into quotation marks is justified by their large conventionality, their instability and changeability in time. As I will attempt to prove in this text, the line separating the “old” from the “young” did not only refer to their dates of birth and the age line of division did not definitely settle the whole matter. It was so the more that part of the “young” also took active part in fight and after its ending despite the “old’s” expectations did not share their views and convictions. This problem being connected with others such as the relation to the past and history, relations with the homeland, patriotism and relations to Polishness1 is wide and multithread enough that there is no way to present it in its entirety. Thus I am going to focus on its part which seems to me particularly important for understanding socio-mental relations and structures of the second independence emigration. The subject of my reflection will be texts and speeches showing this conflict which appeared in the circle of published in London students’ journals in years 1949- 1966 around which the later poets’ group Continents was established. This outline presents the chronological order of the conflict, the evolution of the way of thinking of both sides, the most important points of ignition and most visible differences and divisions revealed in this conflict. Due to richness of materials and problems requiring discussion this text has been divided into two parts. The first part comprises years 1949-1954. At that time the conflict emerged and unusually dynamically it developed leading to a clear difference between emigration generations (as it will be shown in the second part of the outline four stages of the conflict can be distinguished in this period). The second part begins with presenting the events of 1955 when the definite division between the „old” and the „young” happened. It is mainly about the November events in Manchester which can be viewed as the climax of the conflict and which initiated its fall. Discussing it along with the division into two phases (the fifth and sixth) ends with a summary and conclusions concerning the course of the conflict.
- PozycjaWokół „Wyprawy Wołodyjowskiego na kresy”(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Uliasz, StanisławThe author’s attention is focused on the analysis of Zdzisław Grodecki’s novel entitled “Wyprawa Wołodyjowskiego na kresy” (“Wołodyjowski’s expedition to the Eastern Borderlands”) published in 1929 in Lviv. The novel is set in the context of various discourses, among which the discourse on the Eastern Borderlines appears to be the most significant one, as it regards interwar Polish Eastern Territories as a strongold preserving the Polish identity. Crucial to Grodecki’s work are references to a cult classic “The Trilogy” by Henryk Sienkiewicz, including the notion of characters on “loan” which is enhanced by a strategy which might be described as a follow-up. The author of the paper analyzes the presence of literary symbols within national community, stereotyping, as well as coaxing strategies.
- PozycjaW kręgu twórczości Anny Frajlich, czyli o Międzynarodowej Konferencji Naukowej „Tu jestem / zamieszkuję własne życie”. Twórczość poetycka, prozatorska i epistolarna Anny Frajlich (i nie tylko…)(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Pasterska, JolantaOn October 24-25, 2016 the University of Rzeszów hosted the International Conference “Here I am / I inhabit my own life”. Poetry, prose and epistolary writings of Anna Frajlich, whose honored guest was famous Polish poet, writer, essayist, editor, lecturer of Polish language and literature at Columbia University in New York City. The aim of meeting was to describe Frajlich’s individual poetics, discuss her place in literary tradition, analyze a variety of her styles, motives, topics and toposes used. The speakers were also interested in the biography of the poet perceived in the contexts of such cultural and methodological notions as identity, emigration, alienation or re-rooting. The conference was organized by Institute of Polish Philology of the University of Rzeszów, Department of Theory and Anthropology of Literature, Workshop of Research and Record of Literary Culture, and Polish Philology Faculty of Jagiellonian University in Kraków.
- PozycjaPiersi w świętości…(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Regiewicz, AdamThe analysis of medieval hagiographic stories bring an interesting reflection on the role and significance of female breasts in faith transmission. Their presence in cultural transmission, despite common conviction about absence of erotic motives in the culture of the Middle Ages is quite widespread. It is strongly connected with biblical tradition in which the breasts become a symbol of motherhood and at the same time of youth and joy expressed by wine. Simultaneously in early Christian tradition female breasts become the mark of martyrdom. Mythical narration emerging in this way combines milk and blood as life-giving juices which may be sucked by a “child of God”.
- PozycjaPaweł Hertz. Pochwała dziewiętnastowieczności(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Czajkowska, AgnieszkaThis article shows the output of Paweł Hertz – a poet, translator, editor, publicist as an example of current today Polish literature from the 19th century viewed in both domestic context and on the background of well-known European literature. Arguments supporting the thesis are the fact that he showed the output of the 19th-century writers as a uniform entity without division into particular epochs (contemporary career of the 19th-century-ness), ahistorical understanding of esthetic categories (e.g. classicism) practising reading in anthropological categories (as experience), pointing at the emotional reaction between the reader and the work, activist understanding of culture, revalorization of literature of various circulations, exceeding strictly national categories in thinking about literature, signals of material feedback in humanist science, humanism. The mentioned elements of the project of reading Paweł Hertz indicate current character and raise the attractiveness of his writings.
- PozycjaKsiążki wyzwalają emocje(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Żórawska, NataliaThis article is a review of the book by Ryszard Koziołek entitled „Dobrze się myśli literature” (Literature is a good way of thinking). This publication is a collection of essays in which the literary expert considers the essence of contemporary reading. Koziołek pays special attention to emotions accompanying reading – bot the latest literature and the books considered to be classic ones. He indicates that literature is a special kind of continuity which can be analyzed through the prism of many fields of science, among others, economics or psychology.
- PozycjaTeatralizacja: pogranicze życia i teatru(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Braun, Kazimierz“Theatricality” is a term describing the use of theatrical means of expression in various domains of life. It is an added, spectacular, visual, performative, and dramatic element of different social events and activities. Theatricality it is an area where two entities—life and art—meet, which results either in conflict or in unification. Life transforms into theatre and theatre transforms into life. Theatricality is, thus, a transient region between life and art. Consequently, it is a model example of a border zone. From centuries theatricality was used as a means in the process of interhuman communication. It served to amplify and facilitate interhuman communication and gave it a specific meaning. Theatricality was also employed as a powerful instrument of manipulating and falsifying messages. In contemporary theatre artistic creation is the primary goal and aesthetics takes primacy over all other objectives and values motivating and permeating theatre work. In theatricality the reasons and goals of using theatrical and theatre-like means of expression are practical—such as, for example, religious, social, political, or commercial. Theatre aspires (not always successfully) to situating its works in the realm of art, on the universal and transhistorical level, while theatricality is practically oriented.
- PozycjaIdea hegemonii kulturowej Polski i Polaków w prozie podróżniczej Aleksandra Sapiehy(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Karpińska, MonikaThe aim of the article is to present the idea of Slav present in the prose of Aleksander Sapieha. Traveler in his relation reveals the cultural stratification of the Slavs, focusing not only on diverse religious influences, but also came from different areas of broad culture. Sapieha, noting those delamination, adheres to the idea of the superiority of the Poles among the Slavs, based mainly on the achievements of European civilization. The piece reflects on the idea of cultural hegemony, coming into conflict with affirmed in the eighteenth century, the vision of the Slavic tribal unity.
- PozycjaNihilizm jako literackie pogranicze oraz pole napięć aksjologicznych i estetycznych na przykładzie twórczości Jarosława Marka Rymkiewicza. Próba rozpoznania(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Kalandyk, MariuszThe subject is an attempt to describe the evolution of the term „nihilism” in philosophy (hermeneutics) at the turn of centuries and the description of how this evolution influenced the ways of analyzing literary phenomena. The author wants to present judgements which revalue the approach to this way of thinking deeply rooted in culture. Nihilism in presented approaches appears to be a world view and esthetic phenomenon opening new field of interpretation of poetic and prose texts. The exemplary literary material displaying the possibilities of different interpretations of an artistic text, both an essay and a poem is the output of Jarosław Marek Rymkiewicz.
- PozycjaKontakt i konflikt: polsko-żydowska contact zone(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Prokop-Janiec, EugeniaThis article suggests using the category of contact zone taken from the postcolonial studies in the research on borderland, which allows to describe frontier phenomena and processes in their complexity, multi-dimensionality and ambiguity. Following M. L. Pratt contact zone is understood as the space of cooperation and competition, coexistence and antagonism, contact and conflict of groups. The subject of analysis are the representations of borderland in Polish-Jewish in the prose of 1930s (including the serialized novels published in mass-circulation press). In the centre of interest there is the motive of conflict communication. In the literary renditions interactions between Poles and Jews easily transform into conflict communication and focus on indicating group differences and borders, defining collective identities and their positioning. Conflictive communication appears in various places (school, street, neighbourhood), in various forms (nicknames, arguments, pogrom cries) and functions (from initiating and escalating tensions to inspiring riots and murders), adding to the transformation of a contact zone into a conflict zone.
- PozycjaMotywy okultystyczne w powieści gotyckiej XVIII i XIX wieku(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Szargot, HannaThis text’s topic are all the forms of occultism and magic presented in four examples of gothic novel: Matthew Gregory Lewis’ “The Monk”, Edward G. Bulwer-Lytton’s “The Last Days of Pompeii”, William Beckford’s “Vathek” and Alexandre Dumas’ “The Wolf Leader”. The work presents the part, which magic plays in characters’ lives: how it is considered as art and wisdom, how important are rituals, why do people want to use it, how evil it can be, how it separates magicians from others, and how it can destroy the protagonist’s life.
- PozycjaMaria Rodziewiczówna o swojej twórczości. Nieznana kartka pocztowa pisarki(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Rusin, JoannaIn this text an unknown before postcard by M. Rodziewiczówna has been published, in which the writer briefly yet to the point spoke on the subject of the creation of female characters and love in her novels.
- PozycjaKonflikty miejsca urodzenia w „Sońce” Ignacego Karpowicza(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Koprowska, KarolinaThe article aims to present and analyse the concept of “birthplace” which combines different components such as topography, landscape and also cultural, symbolic and metaphorical meanings. The human attitude to a birthplace appears problematic and complex, and involves a need to create a more critical perception of own identity. My theoretical investigation is based on an analysis of Ignacy Karpowicz’s novel “Sońka” which deals with strong tensions between individual experience of the civilians and History of wars and violence, difficult relations between collective and individual identity/memory and their specificity regarding village community, ethnic conflicts connected to the Polish-Belarusian borderland and birthplace, as well.
- Pozycja„Mariaż”. Inwigilacja Zofii i Kazimierza Romanowiczów w świetle zachowanych dokumentów Służby Bezpieczeństwa(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Jamrozek-Sowa, AnnaZofia and Kazimierz Romanowiczowie are eminent figures of Polish postwar emigration. They lived and worked in Paris where they created and ran for years Libella publishing house and bookstore as well as Galerie Lambert. In the gallery works of artists from all over the world were shown. In the bookstore free copies of books published in the West were distributed to the Poles. The Romanowiczowie also sent them to Poland. Libella was one of the points of secret distribution of books beyond the iron curtain. Documents preserved in the Institute of National Memory prove that the activity of the Romanowicze was carefully followed by the officers of the Security Services. A case against them was set named „Marriage” Its aim was to obtain the Romanowicze for cooperation. The decisive refusal from the owners of Libella had various consequences – among others the ban on printing Romanowiczowa’s books in domestic publishing houses.
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