Tematy i Konteksty 3(8) 2013
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- PozycjaIdeał szczęścia rodzinnego w powieści „Szczęście rodzinne” Lwa N. Tołstoja(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Repoň, Anton"Family Happiness" by Lev Tolstoy is an honest confession of a woman who, despite being beautiful and married, having children, a comfortable apartment, etc., feels the lack of something in her life. Tolstoy undertakes a profound analysis of the factors determining the relations between women and men, as well as the reasons for suppressing the love between them. He seeks for the reasons, the wrongdoers and the ways of rescuing marriages. In his work, Tolstoy in a literary form outlines a classification of marital relations and answers almost all the questions which have bothered mankind. In his view, the recipe for family happiness is simple: "We all – but, first of all, you women – have to personally experience the meaningless of life in order to return to its basis", and then: "a new sense of love for the children and the father of your children lays the foundations for another, totally different, happy life". Generally, the novel "Family Happiness" constitutes the end of Tolstoy’s ideological and artistic search period, when he tried to escape from a social muddle and find a rescue in art, nature and the management of his property. Apart from the intriguing plot, the novel provides an outline of the psychological and moral aspects of married life. Many readers will be interested in them, some will be outraged and unable to come to terms with the author, but, definitely, no one will remain indifferent.
- Pozycja"Wir sind alle mehr oder weniger in Galizien geboren"(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Inglot, MieczysławThe study provides a comprehensive overview of Larry Wolff’s monograph "The Idea of Galicia. History and Fantasy in Habsburg Political Culture" (Stanford University Press, Stanford, California 2010, pp. 486). The reviewed publication shows the problem of the formation of Galician awareness in the province of Austro-Hungarian Empire existing for 146 years, which was described as Galicia. The author of the work presents the various stages of the formation of ‘Galicia’s idea’, referring to the Polish, Ukrainian, Jewish and German-Austrian aspects of political, social, economic and cultural history of the region. The author does not evaluate individual narratives, treats them as equivalent cognitively, yet thoroughly discusses both extensive and minor texts on the basis of their thematic link with Galicia. The basic thesis of the book is the belief about the creation of a kind of ‘Galician nation’ that is common for residents of the region of collective multiethnic and multicultural identity based on the pattern of a Galician as a citizen fully identifying himself with his ‘private homeland’. Wolff’s monograph is a multilateral and interdisciplinary synthesis of borderline political history and cultural history, impressive because of its dimensions of research areas covered by the author.
- PozycjaProfesor Andrzej Busza laureatem Nagrody Literackiej Stowarzyszenia Pisarzy Polskich za Granicą za rok 2013(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Pasterska, JolantaThe text informs about Professor Andrzej Busza awarded the 2013 Literary Award of the Association of Polish Writers Abroad.
- PozycjaPoetyka trzecia(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Madejski, JerzyThe author of this article presents the new publication issued by Ryszard Nycz, "Poetyka doświadczenia" ("Poetics of Experience", Warsaw 2012) in the context of this researcher’s previous works. "Sylwy współczesne" ("Contemporary Silva Rerum", Wrocław 1984) is considered to be the first poetics. It is an attempt to depict the phenomena in the Polish literature of the 1960s and 1970s, which were largely affected by the aesthetics of the early Modernism. The second poetics is the volume "Literatura jako trop rzeczywistości" ("Literature as a Trope of Reality", Kraków 2002), which is a description of the modern literature (from the middle 19th century to the end of the 20th century). "Poetics of Experience" constitutes the third poetics, and - at the same time - it is the poetics of both the modern literature and the modern written works. It is also humanistic poetics since it is culture-oriented and since it singles out a humanistic text from all other written works.
- PozycjaPoetyka w liceum… Zstąpmy na ziemię!(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Matusiak, BarbaraThe article analyses the results of the surveys conducted among teachers and students concerning the scope and the form of the application of poetics in upper secondary schools. It also presents an evaluation of the usefulness of this field of education in school practice, both with regard to the core curriculum and to the examination standards in force during the General Secondary Education Exam in Polish. The article also addresses the questions of the extent to which school teaches poetics for the purpose of good grades at the above-mentioned exam, and the extent of the actual need to discuss the artistic organisation of a literary work with students.
- PozycjaОт поэтики А. Потебни к теории интертекстуальности(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Дзык, РоманThe article analyses the relation of O. Potebnya’s concepts to the theory of intertextuality. The attention to the peculiar interpretation of the notion of “poetic language” by the Russian formalists and their successors, as well as to the development of the dialogical nature of the word and the text, according to M. Bakhtin, reconstructs the genetic connection between the above theoretical systems. The consonance of Potebnya’s ideas with the modern theory is explained by typological convergence. At the same time, the article discusses the productive perspective of the appeal of Potebnya’s ideas in the light of the new literary methodology.
- PozycjaJubileusz pięćdziesięciolecia polonistyki rzeszowskiej(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Pasterski, JanuszThe text includes a report from the jubilee celebrations of the 50th anniversary of Polish Studies at the Rzeszów academic centre.
- PozycjaKulturowy wymiar „Za kulisami” Cypriana Norwida(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Braun, KazimierzThe article constitutes a chapter from the book “Mój teatr Norwida” (“My theatre of Norwid”) by Kazimierz Braun, prepared for the publication by the University of Rzeszów publishing house. The article contains the analysis of “Behind the scenes” by Norwid from the point of view of the history of culture, drama and theatre. At the same time, the article refers to the author’s experience who – as the director – staged the play at the TV Theatre in Warsaw (in 1966) and at the Juliusz Słowacki Theatre in Cracow (in 1970).
- PozycjaPoetyka dawniej i dziś(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Kostkiewiczowa, TeresaThe meaning of the word “poetics,” as derived from the Aristotle’s understanding given in Poetics, points to the ways of creating works of the art of word, their components and connections as, well as the formation of utterances. It also reveals the humanistic character of literary output being human products that are aimed at providing insights into the human world. Poetics presents a fundamental set of terms referring to a literary work, which are still used and, in fact, are indispensable in all areas of the contemporary literary, as well as cultural studies. Due to the changes in the field of literature itself, this set of terms and notions is constantly being updated, and it is still open in terms of both its components and their senses. It constitutes a conceptual framework, some elements of which are universal and operational in nature, and some connected with a particular cognitive horizon and a certain way of perceiving and understanding literature. Poetics is not a permanent theoretical model of literariness, nor is it a set of instructions determining an interpretation of a literary work. It aims at establishing certain testable tools which are indispensable not only in literary studies, but also in studying all other forms having a semiotic content (intersemiotic poetics). For this reason, certain basic terms and notions applied in poetics can be seen as important epistemological categories in which the human mind perceives the world.
- Pozycja„Kontynenty” (marzec 1961 – grudzień 1966)(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Moczkodan, RafałThe article presents the fate of the fifth mutation of the magazine published by the London group of poets known as "The Continents". The author presents the problems with which this monthly magazine contended (the lack of funds, the arguments and internal conflicts within the editorial team, the critical attitude of the emigrants’ older generation), its programmatic/thematic evolution, largely dependent on the opinions and views of subsequent chief editors, the assessments and judgements of the people interested in "The Continents", as well as the circumstances of the cessation of the publication. The final section of the article points to some common characteristics which link all five mutations of the magazine.
- PozycjaPoetyka (w) przyszłości(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Stanisz, Marek; Uliasz, StanisławArtykuł stanowi wprowadzenie do dyskusji poświęconej stanowi poetyki jako dyscypliny literaturoznawczej, a także jako przedmiotu dydaktyki akademickiej i szkolnej. Zawiera próbę uporządkowania zagadnień związanych z filozoficznymi podstawami tej dyscypliny, jej kompetencjami i możliwościami rozwoju, jej granicami i ograniczeniami, jej statusem w obrębie innych dyscyplin literaturoznawczych oraz jej wymiarem funkcjonalnym. Autorzy artykułu zwracają ponadto uwagę na zdolność poetyki do ogarniania stale rosnącego spektrum zjawisk literackich i pozaliterackich oraz wyrażania indywidualnego doświadczenia lekturowego, przyglądają się także repertuarowi pojęć i kategorii, którymi się posługuje. Przedstawione tu rozważania są wstępem do refleksji nad stanem poetyki we współczesnym literaturoznawstwie. Dyskusja na ten temat została zaprezentowana w czasopiśmie "Tematy i Konteksty" 2013, nr 3 (8).
- PozycjaPoetyka i ludologia: badania literackie a studia nad grami(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Luboń, ArkadiuszOne of the current types of discourse produced by the representatives of various academic disciplines in Poland and abroad serves the purpose of isolating from among the many branches of the humanities a separate interdisciplinary field of research on the games and plays present in our culture. The need for forming a separate domain of studies focused on such an extensive range of interests and competences was postulated first by the researchers of audiovisual programs who noticed the semiotic and communicative nature of computer games, which inspired them to resort to analytical procedures and concepts of literary origin too. The purpose of the article is to show the transformations in the evolution of poetics which have made it a discipline perfectly applicable to the study of the textual and “literary” aspects of multimedia games and, in consequence, has resulted in its status of one of the essential components of the methodological tools of the fledgling academic discipline in question.
- PozycjaNiewygodny romantyk – zapomniana twórczość hrabiego Henryka Rzewuskiego(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Dworak, Anna MartaThe study proposed here contains a vast elaboration on Iwona Węgrzyn’s monograph entitled "In the World of Henryk Rzewuski Novels" (Jagiellonian University Press, Kraków 2012, 386 pages). The author deals with the forgotten and barely examined oeuvre of Henryk Rzewuski. She notices that, for many years, Rzewuski’s works have been neglected due to his controversial political views. The author treats these stereotypes with criticism and offers an in-depth analysis of the individual works, trying to understand the political, ideological and artistic choices Rzewuski made. The author depicts the count as an original writer, whose line of thinking was very much different from those of the majority of contemporary writers who condemned him to general isolation and incomprehension. Iwona Węgrzyn discusses almost all the works by Rzewuski and relates them to their contemporary social, political and cultural contexts. Much space has been given to the author’s activities in the literary community at that time. The study proposed by Iwona Węgrzyn is very illuminating. It is characterized by a multitude of the issues addressed and by insightful academic investigations.
- PozycjaPoetyka opisowa wśród współczesnych nauk o literaturze(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Saganiak, MagdalenaThe purpose of the article is to present the position of descriptive poetics among various literary studies after the postmodernist turn. This problem is depicted as a methodological one, and relating to several important debates concerning: the specific character of the humanities, the validation of empirical cognition (including the issue of perceiving the cognition of the literary work as empirical one), the meaning of linguistic expressions (and the meaning of text), as well as the epistemological status of categories applied in science. The article outlines changes in the understanding of the cognitive status of literary studies, as affected by the modern philosophical discourse. These changes include: questioning of the existence of the literary fact, questioning of the existence of intersubjective area of research, perceiving the researcher’s language as a personal one, placing the literary thought at the meta-level of thinking of non-existence of coherent literary text and the human inability to understand it. These features of the contemporary literary studies push poetics out of its traditional research area, that is the descriptive studies which observe the literary text and lead to the formation of the sphere of intersubjective notions which are confirmed by the text analysis and assist in aesthetic perception of the artistic works (Polish: postaciowanie - the term used by Stanisław Ossowski). Further, the author of the article presents the categories used by descriptive poetics not only as a language of scientific description, but also as components of the former and the present-day literary communication. She also points to the negative effects of the decline of the language of descriptive poetics, which include: the difficulties in understanding the work of art, the recipient’s inability to describe their own reading experience, the loss of the connection with literary tradition. Changes in the categories applied in descriptive poetics are desirable but such transformations would also entail certain fundamental difficulties.
- PozycjaKonferencja naukowa “Zesłania i powroty. Twórczość Józefa Bujnowskiego”(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Luboń, ArkadiuszThe text includes a report from a scientific conference “Exiles and Returns. Józef Bujnowski’s Oeuvre”, which took place on October 23-24, 2013 at the University of Rzeszów Institute of Polish Philology.
- PozycjaPoetyka – estetyka – metafizyka(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Gadamska-Serafin, RenataThe modern era has developed poetics very different from Plato’s philosophy of objective beauty and generally inconsistent with or at least indifferent to metaphysics (Baumgarten, Kant). Also romanticists, especially those whose theoretical and literary thought followed the German idealism, were often detached from metaphysical ground (in its proper sense). The natural consequence of choosing this particular way of thinking in the modern paradigm in the 20th century has been the postmodern polyphony in literary theory. A separate and a very mature attitude regarding the form of poetics and its theoretical considerations has been adopted by the author of "Rzecz o wolności słowa" ("About the Freedom of the Word"), who referred to the metaphysical category of "mimesis" (closely linked to his concept of man – "imago Dei") and returned to the concept of objective beauty ("Promethidion"), thus radically overcoming the weakness of modern poetics.
- PozycjaNowa słowacka praca o Iwanie Turgieniewie(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Prus, KazimierzThe review of "Umelecke zobrazenie ĉloveka v romanovom svete I. S. Turgeneva" (Banska Bystrica 2011) by Anton Repoň, a Slovak specialist in Russian studies, deals with the poetics of Turgenev’s novel. The author concentrates on the depiction of characters. To this end, he proposes his own typology of characters, provides a number of penetrating remarks on the specific traits of Turgenev’s realism and tracks the aesthetic reception of his oeuvre by Russian symbolists. There is no denying of author’s diligence, and his contribution to the research into the legacy of the greatest romantic among the Russian realists should be appreciated.
- PozycjaBiograficzne puzzle. Czytając „Emigracje intymne” Agnieszki Nęckiej(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Luboń, ArkadiuszThe article discusses the role the dissertation entitled "Intimate Emigrations. On the contemporary Polish biographic narrations" by Agnieszka Nęcka plays in the newest literary research on the issue of postmodernism in novel reconstructions of emigrant authors identities. The research proposed by Nęcka is composed by eight critical sketches on the prose of Zygmunt Haupt, Zbigniew Kruszyński, Manuela Gretkowska, Artur Leczycki, and referred to in comparative contexts of the quasi-autobiographic works by Mikołaj Łoziński, Tomasz Piątek, Magdalena Tulli and Michał Witkowski. These are not merely the profiles of the writers whose works still require a more profound reflection, but also the issue presented in the meaningful title – "Intimate Emigrations" – which permits multi-faceted and varied cultural contexts for the interpretation of their writings. From a narrower perspective, Nęcka’s dissertation constitutes a case study of a prose writer, who – in accordance with the rule of self-placement in the work – creates autobiographies based on the redefinition of the traditional patterns applied as a point of reference for the description of various models of “an exile’s” identity. From a wider perspective, the cases offered in the "Intimate Emigrations" illustrate the internal cultural mechanisms of denial and transformation of modernism, as well as indicate the difficulty in rejecting the heritage, which continues to be present in the contemporary works of postmodernist writers.
- PozycjaStrony tytułowe(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013)
- Pozycja„Wolałbym nie” – szkolne życie poetyki(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Skrzypczyk, MirosławThe article deals with the subject of the application of poetics in everyday school life and it essentially focuses on its presence in upper secondary schools. On the basis of his experience, the author makes a general observation that poetics is only apparently in a good condition at school, whereas it is actually subject to the schematic structural method, which constrains, rather than facilitates, an in-depth reading of a text. In consequence, the author suggests that a Polish teacher should constantly make an effort to correct the present system, not yielding to the overimposed patterns of thinking or examinations standards.