Budownictwo obronno-rezydencjonalne Wacława II (1291-1305) w Małopolsce na tle ziem polskich. Studium archeologiczno-historyczne
Data
2021-05-17
Autorzy
Kocańda, Paweł
Tytuł czasopisma
ISSN
Tytuł tomu
Wydawnictwo
Abstrakt
Zasadniczym celem niniejszej pracy było opracowanie
problematyki budownictwa obronno-rezydencjonalnego
króla Czech i Polski Wacława II, na terenie Małopolski w
okresie od 1291 do 1305. Zagadnienie to omówione
zostało na szerszym tle historycznym i terytorialnym,
obejmującym pozostałe obszary Polski, a także tereny
dawnego Królestwa Czech. Dodatkowym elementem
rozprawy jest analiza działalności biskupa krakowskiego
Jana Muskaty, najważniejszego stronnika Wacława II w
Małopolsce. Praca składa się z dwóch tomów. W pierwszym, podzielonym na siedem rozdziałów,
przedstawiono zagadnienia preliminarne, sytuację
polityczno-społeczną oraz sprecyzowano najważniejsze
pojęcia, a także całościową analizę zagadnienia. W
drugim tomie umieszczono katalog obiektów, na który
składa się 58 założeń obronno-rezydencjalnych.
Wszystkie budowle zostały podzielone alfabetycznie, a
sam układ katalogu został dostosowany do potrzeb
pracy. W ramach prowadzonych prac podjęto rozległą
kwerendę archiwalną, umożliwiająca dotarcie do
dokumentacji badawczej. Ponadto analizie krytycznej
poddano dostępne źródła pisane polskie oraz czeskie, a
także wykonano szczegółowe obserwacje materii
architektonicznej poszczególnych założeń obronnych. W
efekcie uzyskano wieloaspektowy zasób danych
koniecznych do pełnego opracowania zagadnienia.
Wśród najważniejszych wniosków wymienić należy
znaczny wpływ Wacława II i Jana Muskaty na początki
murowanego budownictwa obronnego w Małopolsce
oraz wprowadzenia nowego elementu na zamkach w
postaci wieży ostatecznej obrony. Podkreślić należy, że
król Czech i Polski stworzył w Małopolsce sieć warowni
królewskich, które spełniały określone funkcje militarne,
celne i administracyjne, stanowiąc ważny element
wprowadzonych przez niego reform wewnętrznych.
The main aim of the present dissertation was to study the issue of the defensive-residential constructions built in Lesser Poland (Małopolska) in the period between 1291 and 1305 under the reign of Wenceslaus II, the King of Bohemia and Poland,. The topic has been presented against a broader historical and territorial backdrop, which includes the remaining areas of Poland, as well as the territories belonging to the former Kingdom of Bohemia. Moreover, the dissertation contains an investigation into the activities of Jan Muskata, the bishop of Cracow and the most important supporter of Wenceslaus II in Lesser Poland. The work consists of two volumes. The first one, which is divided into seven chapters, discusses preliminary issues, describes the political and social situation, and explains the main concepts; additionally, it offers a comprehensive analysis of the issue. The second volume features a catalogue of buildings, consisting of 58 defensive and residential structures. All structures were organized alphabetically while the arrangement of the catalogue itself was tailored to the needs of the dissertation. In the course of the project, an extensive archival query was conducted, which enabled access to research records. Moreover, the available written sources, both Polish and Czech, were subjected to a critical analysis, followed by the detailed examination of the architectural matter of each defensive structure. As a result, we have obtained a multifaceted collection of data required for a comprehensive treatment of the issue. Among the most important conclusions, one should mention the significant influence of Wenceslaus II and Jan Muskata on the origins of brick defensive structures in the Lesser Poland region and the introduction of a new element at the castles, i.e. the bergfried. It should be emphasized that the king of Bohemia and Poland created a network of royal strongholds in Lesser Poland, which fulfilled specific military, customs as well as administrative functions and constituted an essential element of the internal reforms he introduced.
The main aim of the present dissertation was to study the issue of the defensive-residential constructions built in Lesser Poland (Małopolska) in the period between 1291 and 1305 under the reign of Wenceslaus II, the King of Bohemia and Poland,. The topic has been presented against a broader historical and territorial backdrop, which includes the remaining areas of Poland, as well as the territories belonging to the former Kingdom of Bohemia. Moreover, the dissertation contains an investigation into the activities of Jan Muskata, the bishop of Cracow and the most important supporter of Wenceslaus II in Lesser Poland. The work consists of two volumes. The first one, which is divided into seven chapters, discusses preliminary issues, describes the political and social situation, and explains the main concepts; additionally, it offers a comprehensive analysis of the issue. The second volume features a catalogue of buildings, consisting of 58 defensive and residential structures. All structures were organized alphabetically while the arrangement of the catalogue itself was tailored to the needs of the dissertation. In the course of the project, an extensive archival query was conducted, which enabled access to research records. Moreover, the available written sources, both Polish and Czech, were subjected to a critical analysis, followed by the detailed examination of the architectural matter of each defensive structure. As a result, we have obtained a multifaceted collection of data required for a comprehensive treatment of the issue. Among the most important conclusions, one should mention the significant influence of Wenceslaus II and Jan Muskata on the origins of brick defensive structures in the Lesser Poland region and the introduction of a new element at the castles, i.e. the bergfried. It should be emphasized that the king of Bohemia and Poland created a network of royal strongholds in Lesser Poland, which fulfilled specific military, customs as well as administrative functions and constituted an essential element of the internal reforms he introduced.
Opis
Promotor - prof. dr hab. Zbigniew Pianowski - t. I – 573 s. t. II – 384 s.Razem: 957 s.
Słowa kluczowe
architektura , Małopolska , średniowiecze , Wacław II czeski , zamki , architecture , Middle Ages , Lesser Poland , Wenceslaus II , castles
Cytowanie
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski