Medical Review T. 14, z. 4 (2016)

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  • Pozycja
    Advances in the diagnostics of eye diseases
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Romańczuk, Helena; Mazur, Artur
    The advances in the diagnostics of eye diseases have been presented in the work including the optic coherence tomography, confocal microscopy, ultrabiomicroscopy and perimetry. Introduction: The advances in the diagnostics of eye diseases during the last decade of the 20th century and in 21st century is incomparable with the corresponding, earlier periods of development of that discipline. This can be attributed, inter alia, to the pace of the development of imaging techniquesat present at the level close to the histological picture. Objective: The latest methods of diagnosis of changes of the front and back of the eye have been presented in the paper. Material and method: The overview of the current national and foreign literature has been done, mainly for over 10 last years. The following databases have been searched: PubMed and Polska Bibliografia Lekarska.
  • Pozycja
    Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of plantar fasciitis
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Wyszyńska, Justyna; Podgórska-Bednarz, Justyna; Świtała, Anna; Skrzypiec, Julian
    Plantar fasciitis is reported as the most common cause of chronic plantar heel pain. An extra-corporeal shock waves have been used in the treatment of plantar fasciitis with promising results. The purpose of this paper was to present results from randomized controlled trials to estimate of the effectiveness of ESWT in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Method: MEDLINE, EBCO, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SpringerLink databases were searched, using the keywords: ESWT, plantar fasciitis, shock wave, randomized clinical trials. Results: Ten randomized clinical trials was critically appraised. Eight studies report significant decreases in pain symptoms and better function scores associated with an extra-corporeal shock wave therapy. However two studies show no meaningful improvement of clinical outcome in patients treated with extracorporeal shock wave therapy for chronic plantar fasciitis compared with placebo. Summary: In most cases shockwaves therapy was a safe and effective method for treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis and helped the patient to avoid surgery for recalcitrant heel pain but warrants further larger studies.
  • Pozycja
    Assessing the impact of the stability training on fitness rated with the Functional Movement Screen Test in a group of professional football players
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Kołodziej, Gabriela; Kołodziej, Krzysztof
    Introduction: Football is a dynamic, ever-growing team sport. It’s fast action and spectacular character give this sport the title of the most popular in the world. However, due to its specificity it is related with a high risk of injury. An important element of injury prevention is comprehensive functional assessment of the player. The Functional Movement Screen Test is used as a tool to assess the risk of injury and basic movement patterns to determine the occurrence of disorders within the musculoskeletal system. Objective: The aim of the study is to compare the level of functional performance of football players who have stability exercises in their daily training sessions and of the players without such training. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in Rzeszow and the surrounding area on a group of 120 players. The functional assessment was performed using FMS test. Results: In the study group of players high level of functionality was observed. However, in the control group a series of tests showed an asymmetry and irregularities in the basic movement patterns. Conclusions: The study gave answers to the research questions.
  • Pozycja
    The evaluation of demand for education regarding prevention of skin cancers
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Pięciak-Kotlarz, Danuta; Gawełko, Jan; Penar-Zadarko, Beata; Wolan, Maja; Sas-Korczyńska, Beata
    Skin cancers are a significant oncological problem in the twenty-first century. Global epidemiological studies show 2-fold increase in the incidence in each decade. One of the essential elements of prevention is public knowledge on the etiology of skin cancers. The aim of the study was to assess the attitudes and the demand for education on the prevention of skin cancers in open population. Material and methods. 106 people were enrolled in the study during social action “Festival of Health”. The vast majority of respondents were women from urban areas. The mean age of the respondents was 37,2. The method of diagnostic survey was used in the study and a questionnaire of interview was applied. The results were analyzed statistically by means of chi-square test. Results. The poorest knowledge about risk factors for skin cancers showed the respondents with the lowest level of education, while those with higher education were twice as likely to recognize self-inspection of the skin as a method of prevention in comparison with the respondents with vocational education. In turn, the latter most rarely paid attention to the necessity of self- inspection of the skin, use of protective filters and protection during sunny days. Other respondents showed a greater responsibility in the use of anticancer prevention. The respondents with at least high school education more often had knowledge that change in shape or color of pigmented mole on the skin can signal development of cancer. Conclusions: The study showed that the level of education is the most important factor differentiating the level of knowledge about the prevention of skin cancer. The frequency of consultations with a specialist in connection with the presence of alarming moles on the skin was not associated with gender and the level of education.
  • Pozycja
    Assessment of functional capacity and the risk of falls in the elderly with mild and moderate stage dementia
    (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2016) Skubal, Anna; Sudoł, Izabela; Ciąpała, Gabriela; Ćwirlej-Sozańska, Agnieszka; Wiśniowska-Szurlej, Agnieszka; Wilmowska-Pietruszyńska, Anna
    Introduction: Dementia is a common problem among the elderly. Cognitive impairments may cause difficulty in performing basic activities of daily living. The deterioration of physical and / or mental capacity can lead to the necessity of institutional care over patients. Aim: To assess functional capacity and the risk of falls in the elderly with mild and moderate dementia. Material and Methods: The study group included 146 people aged 60-90 residing in the Residential Home as well as Care and Treatment Centre in the south-eastern Poland. Cognitive and functional capacity, balance, and the risk of falls were assessed using the following scales and clinical tests: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Time Up & Go test, Tinetti test, Berg Balance Scale. Results: It has been demonstrated that individuals with dementia were characterized by reduced capacity in performing basic activities of daily living. More than half of the patients with mild and moderate dementia presented 5-times higher risk of falls than those without dementia. Moderate risk of falls was observed in 76.1% of patients with moderate dementia. Conclusions: Cognitive impairments decrease the capacity to perform basic activities of daily living. The higher the stage of dementia, the worse the balance and the greater the risk of falling. It is necessary to develop simple rehabilitation programs allowing to maintain the highest possible level of functional capacity in the elderly patients with dementia under institutional care.