European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.23, z. 1 (2025)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttps://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/11439

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A comparative study of pharmacological, nonpharmacological, and combined methods of induction of labor
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Unmesh, Puri Sudha; Murlidhar, Bharati Vinod; Vikram, Latpate Raosaheb
Introduction and aim. Induction of labor (IOL), a common obstetric procedure, aims to induce labor. The study defined labor induction success as true uterine contractions and classified delivery outcomes as vaginal, instrumental, and cesarean. A higher Bishop score predicts a vaginal delivery. The objective was to compare cervical status, induction success, cesarean section rates, and normal delivery rates of pharmacological and non-pharmacological IOL methods. Material and methods. In this study, 296 pregnant women admitted to the labor room were divided into three groups: those who received pharmacological agents (25 μg/50 μg misoprostol or dinoprostone 5 g gel to start labor), those who were giv en non-pharmacological agents (Foley’s catheter and membrane stripping to start labor), and those who were given both non-pharmacological and pharmacological agents (Foley’s catheter and membrane stripping followed by oxytocin to start labor). Results. Although a 92.5% induction success rate, the use of non-pharmacological methods alone led to a rate of 49.06% cesar ean section rate. Combined with a pharmacological agent such as oxytocin, it achieved almost the same success rate (91.43%) as a pharmacological method of inducing labor (18.57%). This resulted in a lower rate of cesarean section than pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods (p=0.002). Conclusion. Nonpharmacological IOL methods alone led to higher cesarean rates despite improved cervical status. Combining them with pharmacological agents such as oxytocin resulted in higher normal delivery rates and fewer cesarean sections, indicating a more effective approach for improving delivery outcomes.
A systemic review and meta-analysis of the effect of virtual reality training on balance in the elderly to prevent falls
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Bhise, Swati; Rathi, Manisha; Shiralkar, Madhura; Dabadghav, Rachana; Bagade, Tanmay
Introduction and aim. Virtual reality (VR) is used in various healthcare treatments. This review evaluates virtual reality therapy (VRT) for balance rehabilitation to prevent falls in older adults. Material and methods. Randomised control trials from January 2013 to May 2024 were searched in databases like PubMed and Web of Science. Data were extracted and analysed using RevMan 5.4 software. Analysis of the literature. The review included 12 studies with an average of 56 participants aged 50-80 years. Treatments last ed 4–10 weeks with 2-5 sessions per week, each 30-60 minutes. Meta-analyses of five studies using the berg balance scale (BBS) showed a weak impact on balance (Z=2.07, p=0.04; SMD=1.05, 95% CI [0.06, 2.05], p<0.0001). Conversely, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test showed a more positive impact (Z=2.25, p=0.02; SMD=-0.74, 95% CI [-1.39, -0.09], p<0.001), with a difference of 4.4 higher in the experimental group than the control group. Conclusion. VRT shows promising effects in balance and gait training for older adults, but further clinical trials are needed to compare its impact with other therapies.
Analysis of cervical mucosal epithelium proliferation during the postmenopausal period
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Shcheglov, Bogdan О.; Reva, Ivan V.; Shcheglova, Svetlana N.; Puga, Dmitry P.; Khamoshina, Marina B.; Koval, Irina P.; Usov, Viktor V.; Stegniy, Kirill V.; Reva, Galina V.
Introduction and aim. This study explores the proliferative growth of cervical mucosal epithelial cells during the postmeno pausal period, offering new insights on age-related changes in cervical tissues, a topic previously under-examined in post menopausal health research. By employing histologic analysis, immunostaining techniques, and Ki-67 mitotic index assess ment, this research provides novel data on the alterations in cervical epithelial cells during and after menopause. The findings enhance our understanding of the biological processes affecting cervical health in the postmenopausal phase, which is increas ingly significant as the global population ages and emphasizes the need for tailored healthcare approaches. The primary goal was to investigate the proliferative growth of cervical mucosal epithelial cells in postmenopausal women by assessment of Ki 67 gene activity in progesterone-positive cells in normal and pathological postmenopausal periods (PMPs) in the presence or absence of autonomic symptoms, manifested by mood instability, headaches and dizziness. Material and methods. This research involved analyzing tissue samples from 149 postmenopausal women with suspicion of malignancy using histologic and immunostaining methods to evaluate epithelial cell proliferation markers, with the Ki-67 mi totic index as a key measure. The average activity of the Ki-67 gene was evaluated using the global scoring method, with Ki-67 percentages below 2.5% considered low. Statistical analysis included both parametric and non-parametric methods, specifi cally Student’s t and Wilcoxon’s tests. Results. The study found a reduction in the proliferative activity of cervical mucosal epithelial cells during the normal post menopausal period, indicated by a significant decrease in Ki-67 expression in the exocervical zone and during the first year in the transformation zone and the endocervix (p<0.01). Conclusion. Understanding the proliferative growth of cervical mucosal epithelial cells during the postmenopausal period helps to understand the dynamics of age-related cervical tissue. These results can lead to better prevention and monitoring strategies for cervical health in postmenopausal women.
Clinical exome sequencing (carrier screening) identifies the gene INPPL1 in a sporadic case of opsismodysplasia
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Ashish, Ashish; Mishra, Shivani; Singh, Royana; Rai, Sangeeta
Introduction and aim. This study presents a case of opsismodysplasia in a family, characterized by skeletal dysplasia and neu rological complications in two consecutive neonates. Description of the case. Genetic analysis revealed that the father carries a likely benign/variant of uncertain significance (VUS) in exon 14 of the INPPL1 gene (c.1706C>T, p.Thr569Met), while the mother carries a pathogenic variant in exon 15 (c.1809del, p.Trp604GlyfsTer17). These variants follow an autosomal recessive inheritance, confirming carrier status. Additionally, the fa ther is a carrier of a likely pathogenic variant in the CYP17A1 gene (OMIM*609300), specifically in exon 6 (c.1040G>A, p.Ar g347His, heterozygous), affecting 17,20-lyase activity and associated with isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency. Targeted sequencing and Sanger validation elucidated the genetic basis of the condition, emphasizing the importance of genetic testing and coun selling in families with a history of genetic disorders. The detected variants in the INPPL1 gene disrupt SHIP2 protein function, contributing to the observed abnormalities. Conclusion. This study underscores the significance of early genetic diagnosis for reproductive counselling and timely inter vention. Further research into opsismodysplasia’s genetic mechanisms may lead to improved management and therapies for affected individuals. Overall, this case highlights the critical role of genetic analysis in diagnosing and managing rare genetic disorders, offering insights into personalized care and family planning.
Combined COVID-19-related chronic hypoxemia and lack of screening as a double challenge for the management of asymptomatic invasive lung adenocarcinoma
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Bouchelaghem, Rim; Djedi, Ahmed Amine; Djedi, Hanène; Boumendjel, Amel; Chouabi, Amel; Hellal, Nadia; Djendi, Nadia
Introduction and aim. Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) is the most diagnosed histological subtype of lung cancer and the lead ing cause of cancer death in men in Algeria. Defining the circumstances that preceded the diagnosis improves the manage ment options and reduces its incidence. However, data for this critical period are lacking. We report the case of a patient whose onset of severe COVID-19 and the incidental finding of an undefined LADC overlapped and delayed care of the malignancy. Case description. We present the case of a 65-year-old man, with invasive LADC discovered during a chest CT scan performed for suspected severe COVID-19. We describe the diagnostic methods and the patient. Histological examination by biopsy re quired to confirm diagnosis could not be performed due to chronic hypoxemia in the patient, which prevented the complete pathological diagnosis and staging of the disease. Conclusion. Given the prevalence and aggressiveness of LADC in men in Algeria, our study underscores the critical need to develop screening programs, aimed at identifying the disease in asymptomatic patients, in asymptomatic patients that could significantly improve the chances of successful treatment. This is particularly important because LADC patients often develop serious pathologies that can limit their treatment options. COVID-19 serves as a stark example of such limiting interference, further highlighting the importance of early detection in the management of LADC.
Comparative efficacy of topical microbicides in the prevention of HIV transmission – results from a systematic review and network meta-analysis
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Lee, E Lyn; Shanmugham, Suresh; Kumar, Suresh; Smales, Frederick Charles; Noreen, Nabeela; Veettil, Sajesh K.
Introduction and aim. Preventing new HIV infections is crucial, particularly for women and girls at high risk. Vaginal microbi cides offer a female-controlled HIV prevention method. This systematic review evaluated the comparative efficacy of topical microbicides in preventing HIV transmission. Material and methods. Electronic databases were searched up to May 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing topical microbicides versus placebo/no treatment in sexually active women. The primary outcome was the incidence of HIV. A random effects network meta-analysis (NMA) was employed. Relative ranking was assessed using surface under the cumula tive ranking curve (SUCRA) probabilities. Analysis of literature. Thirteen RCTs were included in the review comparing the dapivirine ring, the tenofovir gel, BufferGel, PRO 2000, Carraguard, cellulose sulfate, or SAVVY against placebos. Compared to placebo, only dapivirine significantly reduced HIV incidence (risk ratio (RR) 0.71 [95% CI 0.56 to 0.91]). Dapivirine was superior to BufferGel (RR 0.61 [95% CI 0.39 to 0.94]) and SAVVY (RR 0.52 [95% CI 0.28 to 0.97]). Dapivirine ranked highest in efficacy (SUCRA=0.93), followed by tenofovir (SUCRA=0.76). In general, consistent network results with some small study effects. Conclusion. This study supports the use of the vaginal dapivirine ring for HIV prevention over SAVVY or BufferGel. More high-quality trials are needed to validate the efficacy of tenofovir gel.
Comparative evaluation of morphological and chemical characteristics of bone after performing osteotomy with a piezoelectric device, hard tissue laser, and low-speed handpiece
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Krishnaswamy, Vignesh; Dorairaj, Jayachandran; Gunasekaran, Srilekha; Ganesh, Sayee; Priya, Kesavan; Ramalingam, Kurinchichelvan
Introduction and aim. Osteotomy procedures play a crucial role in achieving the desired osseous contour and elimination of the pocket. Traditional instruments such as chisels, files, and rotating burs have limitations including heat generation and tissue dam age. Novel instruments like piezoelectric and hard tissue lasers offer potential advantages in terms of precision and reduced tissue trauma. The aim of this study was to compare the chemical and morphological characteristics of bone surfaces after osteotomy procedures performed with three different instruments: piezoelectric, hard tissue laser, and low-speed handpiece. Material and methods. Fifteen fresh cadaver bone specimens were randomly assigned to three groups: group A (piezoelectric), group B (hard tissue laser) and group C (low-speed handpiece). Osteotomy procedures were performed according to standard ized protocols. The specimens were determined under an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results. Analysis of morphological and chemical characteristics revealed significant differences in bone surface characteristics between groups. Groups A and B exhibited the smoothest surface with minimal tissue damage and microfractures. Group C showed the roughest surface with prominent microfractures and tissue damage. Conclusion. Hard tissue laser and piezosurgery have shown better results due to greater precision as they preserved the bone mor phology, with less microfracture and chemical demineralization after osteotomy preparation compared with low-speed handpiece.
Comparison of falls and non-fall admissions to the emergency department in older adults and evaluation of the Barthel index and the Falls Efficacy Scale International scores
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Keskin, Sevgi; Altunci, Yusuf Ali; Kodik, Meltem Songür; Akarca, Funda Karbek
Introduction and aim. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients aged 65 years and older who expe rienced falls and to examine the distribution of the Barthel index (BI) and Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) scores. Material and methods. Participants over 65 years of age who were admitted to the emergency department (ED) between 31.07.2019 and 31.01.2020 and who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Characteristics, BI, and FES-I scores of patients admitted to the emergency department for falls and nontraumatic reasons were compared. Results. The study was carried out with 259 participants, 133 in the fall group and 126 in the control group. The mean age was 79±8.3 years in the fall group and 76.3±7.9 years in the control group (p=0.011). In the fall group, 61 (46.2%) were male and 71 (53.8%) were females. The most common trauma after a fall was soft tissue trauma. The FES-I and BI scores were found to be at higher risk in the fall group aged 75-84 years compared to the control group and there was a statistically significant difference between them (p=0.009; p=0.030, respectively). Conclusion. FES-I and BI did not show significant differences between fall and control groups in all age groups. In the 75-84 age group, both scales showed higher values in the fall group. We believe these scales can be used as follow-up tools in screening and preventing fall risks, especially in this age group.
Design and testing of breathing retraining device a multiphasic exploratory study in healthy subjects
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Devmurari, Parthkumar; Rathod, Priyanshu; Patel, Chetan; Parmar, Khushboo
Introduction and aim. Traditional spirometers are limited by bulkiness and lack of biofeedback, which can hinder their effec tiveness in pulmonary rehabilitation. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of an innovative breathing retraining device in measuring inhaled volume and assess user satisfaction compared to standard spirometers. Material and methods. A multiphasic exploratory study was conducted with 102 healthy adults (aged 18–60 years). The study included three phases: need analysis through focus group discussions, prototype development using polycarbonate materials and 3D printing, and effectiveness testing. Inhalation exercises were performed with both the new device and a standard spi rometer. Primary outcomes were inhaled volume and marker displacement, with user satisfaction assessed via the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0) questionnaire. Results. The new device showed a strong correlation between inhaled volume and marker displacement (r=0.842, p<0.001). The mean inhaled volume was 2.07±0.61 liters, with a mean marker displacement of 5.19±0.59 cm. The mean QUEST 2.0 satis faction score was 3.54, indicating high user satisfaction. Conclusion. The redesigned breathing retraining device not only addresses critical gaps in existing technologies but also offers a practical, user-friendly solution for pulmonary rehabilitation. By combining accuracy, real-time feedback, and portability, this innovation has the potential to redefine respiratory therapy standards in both clinical and home-based settings, paving the way for broader applications and improved patient outcomes.
Dual challenges – the growing burden of dengue and its associated co-infections
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Khdir, Fro Rzgar; Sabir, Dana Khdr
Effect of web-based pediatric pain management education on nursing student knowledge levels
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Aydın, Bahise; Bektaş, Murat
Introduction and aim. Pain is a common symptom in children. Studies indicate that nurses and student nurses lack knowledge about pediatric pain. This study was designed to determine the level of knowledge of pediatric pain management for nursing students and to evaluate the effectiveness of the web-based pediatric pain management education (PPME) program. Material and methods. This study used a pre/post-test quasi-experimental design before/after the test. It was carried out with 84 pediatric nursing internship students (39 control, 45 intervention) in a nursing school. The control group received routine training, and the intervention group received web-based modules. Data were collected using the questionnaire developed by the researchers and evaluated using the paired sample t-test, independent samples t-test, Spearman’s correlation and regression analysis. A structural equation model (SEM) was used. Results. The level of knowledge of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group in terms of the total score and sub-dimension scores of awareness, physiopathology and ‘control’ (p<0.05). A moderate, positive and significant correlation was observed between PPME and knowledge levels. Web-based education accounted for 56.6% of the in crease in knowledge level, resulting in an improvement of 11.062 points. A notable positive correlation was observed between PPME and control scores in SEM. Conclusion. The conclusion drawn is that the web-based PPME effectively increased student knowledge scores.
Efficacy of furosemide in patients with chronic kidney disease with residual renal functions in hemodialysis and non-hemodialysis patients
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Khan, Pathan Amanulla; Sana; Begum, Maimoona; Tabassum, Subiya; Fathima, Ayesha Farhath; Nagapurkar, Swati; Fatima, Naureen
Introduction and aim. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects kidney function, characterized by albuminuria or reduced estimat ed glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and is influenced by factors such as etiology, pathogenesis, intensity, and progression. Ac cording to data from the literature, the efficacy of furosemide has not been much researched much in CKD patients. The study evaluates the efficacy in chronic kidney disease patients, regardless of hemodialysis, and compares its diuretic effect based on the administration route. Material and methods. A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare facility for 6 months (October 2021 to March 2022). 100 CKD patients who met the criteria were enrolled in the study. Data on study-relevant parameters, such as route of administration (ROA), hemodialysis frequency, hospital stay, blood urea, serum creatinine, sodium, and potas sium, were collected. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between parameters. One-way ANOVA was applied to analyze the significant association between ROA and urine output. Results. Of all the study samples, 72% received intravenous furosemide and 28% received furosemide orally. There was a sig nificant difference in eGFR and urine output on admission and discharge days. There was an increase in urine output when the patient received furosemide and improvement in eGFR was found. A significant association was also observed between systolic blood pressure, sodium, and potassium. Conclusion. The study found no significant differences in furosemide efficacy in CKD patients, regardless of ROA, hospital stay, or frequency of hemodialysis, indicating similar effectiveness.
Evaluation of oxidative stress level and glutathione system in patients with psoriasis in Basrah Governorate, Iraq
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Hassan, Ayat A.; Sayyah, Sahera G.
Introduction and aim. Psoriasis is a persistent chronic disease with no known cause or cure. This study aimed to estimate oxi dative stress and glutathione systems, and their association with factors (age, gender, disease severity, and geographical location) in psoriasis patients. Material and methods. The study was carried out in the Al-Fayhaa and the Basrah Teaching Hospitals. The number of patients was 45 with 45 in the control group. We quantified the amounts of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), 8-hydrox yguanosine, glutathione, glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and selenium. Results. The results showed significant differences in all variables at multiple statistical levels (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). The study found significant differences between two groups within the allowed concentration range. Some inter-factor fluctuations were found, and these fluctuations were noticeable in age and sex, and not significant in disease severity or location. The pa tients did not experience oxidative stress due to the oxidation of lipids and proteins, but rather DNA oxidation. Conclusion. Lipid peroxidation or protein oxidation do not correlate with psoriasis. While a marker for DNA oxidation exists, it yields different results in psoriasis patients compared to healthy individuals. We observed a correlation between MDA, GR and PC, GPx, PC, and selenium, which serves as the cofactor of the GPx enzyme.
Fall risk and avoidance behavior due to fear of falling in elderly nursing home residents
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Turen, Sevda; Ozcalik, Cennet Kara; Yildiz, Gülisan; Tekir, Meryem Irem
Introduction and aim. Falls in the elderly affect their daily activities, causing a decrease in their quality of life and may even lead to death. This study aims to examine the risk of falling and the relationship between fear of falling and avoidance behaviors in elderly nursing home residents. Material and methods. Data were obtained using the “Fall Risk Assessment Scale (FRAS)” and the “Fear of Falling Avoidance Behavior Questionnaire (FFABQ)”. Results. The average age of the participants was 70.70±5.23 years. Total mean scores of FRAS and FFABQ were significantly higher in participants who could partially meet their daily needs on their own, had chronic diseases, used continuous medication, had problems with walking or balance, had vision or hearing problems, used walking aids, had fear of falling, and had experienced falls in the last three months. It was found that their average was significantly higher. It was determined that there was a strong and significant positive relationship between the FRAS and FFABQ total score averages. Conclusion. It was determined that elderly residents of nursing homes have a high risk of falling and that increased risk is as sociated with an increase in avoidance behaviors due to fear of falling.
Hepatoprotective effect of Costus afer (Lin) on toxic metal mixture treated rats mediated by regulation of oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines and bio-metal chelation
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Anyanwu, Brilliance O.; Ezejiofor, Anthonet N.; Ajibo, Doris N.; Orisakwe, Orish E.
Introduction and aim. Cadmium, lead, and mercury have been considered to exhibit their hepatotoxic effects by oxida tive induction damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The current work evaluated the protective activ ity of aqueous leaf extracts of Costus afer (ALECA) on liver damage arising from exposure to toxic metal mixture (TMM): 1.61 mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl2), 20 mg/kg lead chloride (PbCl2), and 0.40 mg/kg mercury chloride (HgCl2). Material and methods. Five groups of weight-matched Sprague Dawley rats were treated for 90 days. Metal mixtures and deionized water were used to treat the 2 groups of rats whereas the other 3 groups were treated with various doses of the ALECA through oral gavage with TMM. Hepatic function parameters, oxidative biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines, mor phological changes, and metal levels in the liver were monitored. Results. Treatment with TMM resulted in significant increases in alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phos phatase, bilirubin, interleukin 6, malondialdehyde, but decreased albumin, total protein, interleukin 10, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione levels. TMM also caused some morphological changes and increased the concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg) in the liver. Conclusion. ALECA showed beneficial effects against TMM-induced hepatotoxicity via metal chelation, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant mechanism. ALECA may be beneficial in the management of liver toxicity.
Identification of bacterial isolates in urinary tract infections patients of Basrah province
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Eidan, Zainab Ali; Shani, Wafaa S.; Almazini, Muna Abdul-Imam
Introduction and aim. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial diseases worldwide that are caused primarily by members of the Enterobacteriaceae family. This study aimed to identify the most frequent bacterial agents associated with UTIs and analyze their patterns of antibiotic resistance using the Vitek®2 system. Material and methods. The study included 200 urine samples collected from adult UTI patients of both sexes. Results. The characterization of bacterial isolates revealed the following distribution: Escherichia coli (35 isolates, 50%), Staphylococcus aureus (18 isolates, 25.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5 isolates, 7.14%), Staphylococcus spp. (4 isolates, 5.7%), Streptococcus spp. (3 isolates, 4.2%), Pseudomonas spp. (3 isolates, 4.2%), and Proteus mirabilis (2 isolates, 2.86%). Antibiotic resistance testing showed that ceftazidime had the highest resistance rate (88.57%), while amikacin had the lowest (17.14%). Additionally, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was detected in 35 E. coli isolates. Of these, 22 isolates (62.86%) tested positive for ESBL production, while 13 isolates (37.14%) were negative. Conclusion. This study concluded that E. coli is the most prevalent bacterial species causing UTIs. Furthermore, the E. coli isolates demonstrated a high capacity for ESBL production, highlighting the need for effective antimicrobial management and monitoring.
Impact of caloric restriction on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the hippocampus and cortex of a Kindled rat model
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Uribe, Eric; López-Landa, Alejandro; Serrano-García, Norma; Ochoa, Ernesto; Marin-Castañeda, Luis A.; Vázquez, David; Orozco, Sandra; Romo-Parra, Héctor; Gonzalez-Garibay, Guillermo; Rubio-Osornio, Moisés; Rubio, Carmen
Introduction and aim. Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder, and despite numerous treatment options, approximately 30% of patients have drug-resistant epilepsy. This situation prompts the exploration of alternative treatments such as caloric restriction (CR), whose mechanisms of antiepileptic action need to be fully elucidated. One of the key overactivated pathways in epilepsy is the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Material and methods. To explore the potential regulatory effects of CR on this pathway, we conducted a study using twen ty-eight male Wistar rats divided into four groups (7 animals each): Control, Sham (20% CR), kindling ad libitum (KAL), and kindling with CR (KCR). Caloric restriction rats received 80% of their daily food intake based on body weight, compared to those fed ad libitum. The kindling model was achieved by the introduction of an electrode in the basolateral nucleus of the amygda la. Immunofluorescence and Western blot techniques were used for the analysis of protein levels (Wnt, β-catenin, GSK3β, and cyclin D) in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Results. Electroencephalographically and behaviorally, the KCR group exhibited a shorter duration of seizures and an increased behavioral threshold compared to the KAL group. Protein analysis revealed an increase in Wnt pathway proteins (Wnt, β-catenin, and cyclin D) in the KAL group compared to the control group. In contrast, CR reduced protein levels in animals that were induced to kindling. Conclusion. These findings suggest that CR may exert its antiepileptic effects through the regulation of the Wnt pathway by inhibiting its activity in the hippocampus and cortex of kindled rats.
In vitro and in vivo models of immunomodulatory activity of a hydroalcoholic fraction of Turnera ulmifolia Linn
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Sruthi, Vuppula; Garige, Baba Shankar Rao
Introduction and aim. The present study explores the immunomodulatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Turnera ul mifolia through in vitro and in vivo models. Material and methods. The study examined cytotoxicity, cytokine production, and nitric oxide (NO) levels using RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells, while in vivo assessments were performed using BALB/c mice. Results. In vitro, T. ulmifolia extract significantly increased cytokine levels and NO production in unstimulated cells while ef fectively inhibiting overproduction in LPS-stimulated cells, suggesting immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. In vivo experiments demonstrated that T. ulmifolia extract enhanced the immune response by improving macrophage phago cytic activity, increasing delayed-type hypersensitivity, increasing serum hemolysin levels, and enhancing thymus and spleen indices. These results highlight the potential of the T. ulmifolia extract as an immunomodulatory agent, regulating cytokine secretion and enhancing immune responses without causing cytotoxicity. Conclusion. The findings indicate promising therapeutic applications for T. ulmifolia extract in modulating immune function and inflammation.
Interleukin-13 as a potential biomarker in the management of pediatric asthma – a longitudinal study
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Raju, Prasanna; Sundar, Subash; Suresh, Preethi; Vajravelu, Leela Kakithakara; Aravindhan, Vivekanandhan
Introduction and aim. Asthma is predominantly a Th2 type hypersensitive disorder, with interleukin (IL) 4 and IL-13 playing a pivotal roles. Interleukin 13 is one of several cytokines that cause persistent inflammation associated with asthma. The aim was to examine the relationship between the response to treatment in asthma and serum IL-13. Material and methods. This study, conducted at the SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, in Tamil Nadu, in volved 68 children aged 6 to 12 years of age diagnosed with asthma. The study included medical history, including age of onset of wheezing, history of allergic rhinitis/atopic dermatitis, food allergies, use of inhalational corticosteroids, hospital admissions, and family history. Spirometry was performed, and treatment with inhalational corticosteroids was started according to GINA guidelines. Blood was collected prior to and after 3 months of treatment. Results. A substantial positive correlation was observed between gender and IL-13 levels. An improvement in forced expirato ry volume in the first second (FEV1) was observed after treatment [(74.72% vs 95.05%) (p<0.0001)]. A negative correlation was discovered between IL-13 and FEV1. A statistical significance between IL-13 levels before and after treatment (p=0.005). Conclusion. Inhalational corticosteroids reduced serum IL-13 levels, indicating its role as a prognostic marker in pediatric asthma.
Mapping the landscape of gynecological cancer – analyzing presenting features by social network analysis
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Sambasivam, Indra; Jennifer, H. Gladius
Introduction and aim. The term ‘gynecological cancers’ refers to a wide range of malignancies that affect the female reproduc tive system. These types of cancer include ovarian, cervical, uterine, vaginal, and vulvar cancers. This study aims to employ SNA techniques to map the landscape of gynecological cancer by systematically analyzing the presenting features associated with different types of gynecological malignancies. Material and methods. In this study, a total of 60 women diagnosed with gynecological cancer were included. An exploratory study design was used. A pre-tested questionnaire was used which includes basic demographic details, type of cancer and symptoms presented at the time of diagnosis. Results. Nearly 44% of the women diagnosed with cancer were between the age of 51 to 60 years. Symptoms such as abdom inal pain, lumps, mild and moderate symptoms that appeared to be highly connected and influential among the cancer patients. Abdominal pain, lumps, abdominal distension/bloating, and mild symptoms had a stronger connection with all other symptoms among the cancer patients. Conclusion. Educating patients about the significance of symptoms such as abdominal pain, lumps, and abdominal disten sion/bloating in the context of ovarian cancer can empower them to seek timely medical attention. Increased awareness of the potential implications of these symptoms may prompt patients to undergo screening and diagnostic tests earlier, leading to improved detection rates and treatment outcomes.

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