European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.16, z. 3 (2018)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttp://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/4481

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Attitudes towards depression and symptoms of depression among Polish and British adults
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Nagórska, Anna
Introduction. Depression is a mental illness widespread in the population and is the most common mental disorder. There has been an increase in number of depression diagnoses among the wider population in the past few years. Aim. The aim of the study was to gain knowledge regarding the attitudes towards depression and to measure the occurrence of depression symptoms among open populations of Polish and British people. Materials and methods. The study was conducted from March to May 2015 by posting an electronic survey on a social network in Polish and English language. 143 completed questionnaires were obtained. The method of diagnostic survey was used in this study. The research tools was a survey created by the authors and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results. Every third respondent acknowledged that they have a sufficient knowledge of depression. Based on BDI results, 75% of Poles and 39% of British did not show any signs of depression. Conclusions. The British understand the term “depression” correctly more often than Poles. The inhabitants of Poland and Great Britain take a positive attitude towards people with depression. The British have depressive symptoms more frequently than Poles. Nationality and age do not affect the severity of depressive symptoms in both groups.
Evaluation of food offered in schools and bought by students in Rzeszów
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Momora, Agnieszka; Mazur, Artur; Dereń, Katarzyna
Introduction. According to epidemiologic research, the number of obese and overweight children is increasing. A common way of dealing with this problem is enacting legislation regarding food served in educational institutions. In Poland, the regulations regarding the assortment of school shops are contained in the Ordinance of the Minister of Health of 26th June 2015 (and its subsequent amendments). Aim. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the product range of school shops and vending machines in Rzeszów. Methods and materials. The study covered 52 primary and secondary schools in Rzeszów. The schools included in the study had 15568 students altogether. Products bought by students in school shops and vending machines were recorded over the period of 3 days. Results. The study has shown a statistically significant relationship (p <0.001) between the amount and types of products bought in primary and secondary schools. Healthy snacks only made up a small percentage of products sold. Secondary schools sold 20% more snacks with high sugar content compared to primary schools. A majority of products sold were compliant with regulations (p=0.12). Conclusions. The assortment of school shops has changed after the implementation of the Ordinance of the Minister of Health of 26 June 2015 (and its subsequent amendments). The newly introduced restrictions significantly narrowed down the range of products offered in schools, reducing the number of products containing more than 15g of sugar (13.5g per 100g/ml in case of dairy products) or 10g of fat per portion.
Life quality of patients with the carpal tunnel syndrome
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Michalik Wolska, Joanna; Wolski, Dariusz; Bieńko, Marek; Radzki, Radosław P.
Introduction. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a neuropathy caused by pressure on the median nerve taking a course in the carpal tunnel. The characteristic symptoms of CTS are: pain, numbness, and a prickling sensation in the hand usually at night or after the physical effort. Symptoms of the disease affect patient quality of life which is desribed as a subjective estimation of life situation. Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of patient life in those who suffer from carpal tunel syndrome. The studies were aimed to descripe the general quality of patient life and the effect of symptoms on individual aspects in the life of the afflicted. Materials and methods. The study sample was composed of 60 patients from rehabilitation and physiotherapy institutions located in the Lublin Voivodship (Poland). The studies were based on the questionnaries of life quality estimation dependent on health WHOQOL- BREF and EQ-5D-5L as well as on our own poll questionnaire. Conclusions. Symptoms of carpal tunel syndrome deteriorate the quality of patient life. Such patients have difficulties with daily activities. Among those examined, as many as 94.12% reported problems performing everyday actions (EQ – 5D – 5L). Difficulties with chores were reported by 86.70% of those examined. The patients with carpal tunel syndrome are less effective at work. Reduced achievements at work were reported by 73.30% of those examined, and a need for a shorter work day was reported by 60%. For 53.30%, difficulties in doing their jobs were significant; 20% of the examined had to change their profession or work station. The examined patients often experienced pain which deteriorated quality of sleep and disturbed everyday functioning. The patients were presented with serious difficulties in doing professional work.
Methods of singlet oxygen generation and detection for understanding photodynamic processes
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Ożóg, Łukasz; Aebisher, David
Introduction. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved therapeutic procedure that exerts selective cytotoxic activity toward malignant cells. Aim. Our goal is to present the PDT procedure which involves administration of a photosensitizing agent followed by irradiation at a wavelength corresponding to the absorbance band of the photosensitizer and energy transfer to ground state oxygen to generate cytotoxic singlet oxygen Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Results. In this paper we described the basics of PDT and lifetime of singlet oxygen in different media.
Physical fatigue measured by functional MRI
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Truszkiewicz, Adrian; Aebisher, David; Ożóg, Łukasz; Bartusik-Aebisher, Dorota
Introduction. Physical fatigue is a physiological condition that can be measured by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Aim. Therefore, this work aims to present the research results currently reported in the scientific literature between the years 2014 and 2018 in the field of chronic fatigue syndrome using the functional MRI method. Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Results. We reviewed here the differences between temporary and chronic fatigue.
Physician Survey of Practices on Diet, Physical Activity and Weight Control: Questionnaire on Adult Care – validation of the Polish language version of the questionnaire
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Hubert-Lutecka, Agnieszka; Bartusik-Aebisher, Dorota; Żal, Marcin; Binkowska-Bury, Monika
Introduction. According to the World Health Organization, non-infectious chronic diseases will become the leading cause of disability by 2020 and can be the most expensive health problem. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, smoking, poor eating habits, insufficient physical activity and the resulting overweight and obesity are among the main modifiable factors of non-infectious chronic diseases. The results of epidemiological studies indicate that the prevalence of these factors in the Polish population is constantly growing, which is associated with the dissemination of unfavorable eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. Their combating and preventive and educational activities of patients in the scope of modifiable lifestyle behaviors related to lifestyle should be implemented primarily through primary care physicians. Aim. To validate the Polish language version of Physician Survey of Practices on Diet, Physical Activity and Weight Control: Questionnaire on Adult Care. Material and methods. A Polish version of the questionnaire “Physician Survey of Practices on Diet, Physical Activity and Weight Control: Questionnaire on Adult Care” was created. Validation was carried out on a group of 30 primary care physicians. Results. Very good results in terms of internal coherence of the questionnaire were obtained - the Alpha-Crombach coefficient was 0.82. The level of reproducibility was established with an ICC factor, which was 0.81. Conclusions. The tested Polish version of the questionnaire can be used to conduct research among primary care physicians in Poland.
Professional experience of midwives is not sufficient to accurately assess the amount of blood loss during labor
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Kraśnianin, Elżbieta; Raba, Grzegorz; Kremska, Anna; Wróbel, Romana; Zych, Barbara
Introduction. Postpartum hemorrhage is still one of the causes of maternal mortality and morbidity. The purpose of investigation was an examination of practical skills in blood loss assessment during labor by midwives. Aim. To examine the practical skills of midwives that have different professional experience in blood loss assessment during labor. Materials and methods. A case-control prospective study of labour blood loss volume assessment with the use of a birthing simulator was conducted among midwives from 1 September 2016 to 30 May 2017. Midwives were divided in to 2 groups: Group I consisted of midwives who were recent university graduates without professional experience. Group II consisted of midwives with a minimum of two years of professional practice and assistance at more than 1000 births. This was a multicenter study. Outcome measures included visual evaluation of blood loss during simulation scenario. Results. Average evaluation of blood loss: Group I – 737 ml, Group II – 610 ml (p = 0.0002). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of diagnosing the cause of hemorrhage in the third stage of labor (p = 0.1503) neither in terms of identification of hemorrhage after perineal injury (p = 0.1503) . The examined midwives underestimated blood loss, however the midwives in Group I assessed blood loss statistically better. Conclusions. Subjective assessment of the amount of blood loss during labor is underestimated. Professional experience does not improve the accuracy of assessment of blood loss volume during labor.
Selected factors influencing the level of physical activity in the elderly
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Wyszyńska, Justyna; Dereń, Katarzyna; Hausner, Iwona; Mazur, Artur
Introduction. It is commonly known that physical activity has great influence on the quality of life and health in the people of all age groups. Physical activity has a beneficial influence on both functional and locomotive abilities, the dynamics of which deteriorates during the process of aging, and this in turn has an impact upon satisfaction of basic biological, social and psychological needs. Aim. The main purpose of this study was an assessment of selected factors affecting the level of physical activity in the elderly. Material and methods. The study group consisted of 100 participants (85 women and 15 men), aged from 65 to 69 years old. An International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) - Polish long version was used. Results. A high level of physical activity was reached by 44 participants, moderate level of physical activity was noted in 53 participants, and low in physical activity was found in 3 participants. Older the subjects reached lower MET value in case of job-related physical activity and higher MET value in case of physical activity in free time and total intense effort. Conclusion. The level of job-related physical activity, the level of physical activity in free time and the total intense level of activity depended on the age of the subjects. There were no association between the level of total physical activity and sex, place of residence and BMI of participants.
The effect of diabetes on the connective tissue and the bone-joint system
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Chwalba, Artur; Otto-Buczkowska, Ewa
Introduction. Diabetes is associated with a number of complications, including renal disease, peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, and vascular events. Aim. Article presents the research results reported in the scientific literature about the influence of diabetes on connective tissue and the bone-joint system. Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Conclusion. Due to its multi-systemic nature, the development of additional manifestations, such as musculoskeletal complications, is possible including, for example diabetic osteopathy, limited joint mobility, joint disorders, and other, many of which are subclinical and correlated with the disease duration and its inadequate control. They should be recognized and treated properly, because their management improves the patients’ quality of life.
The influence of ODM technique on the radiation dose received by patients during head CT scan
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Sobczyk, Joanna; Pusz-Sapa, Aleksandra; Wojtasik, Aneta; Gaweł, Greta; Truszkiewicz, Adrian; Guz, Wiesław
Introduction. Computed tomography (CT) is inexpensive radiological examination of high diagnostic effectiveness. However, common use of CT tests has led to increased exposure to ionizing radiation in the population. Aim. To assess the effect of organ dose modulation (ODM) technique on the radiation dose received by patients during head CT scan. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 120 tests in two groups of patients who had CT scans without and with ODM. Every group consisted of 60 people (30 women and 30 men in each). The ability to perform tests in two algorithms (without and with ODM) resulted from the fact that after installing the apparatus, tests were carried out using standard technique, and only then the ODM function was launched. Results. We found that during examinations with ODM, patients received a reduced dose of ionizing radiation. The mean DLP value with ODM is 9.4% lower than the mean DLP value without ODM by comparing the tests with and without contrasting agent. The mean DLP value obtained in men using ODM was 11.9% lower than the mean dose without ODM, and in women this difference was 6.6%. Conclusion. The mean DLP value received by men with ODM was by 11.9% lower than the mean dose without ODM, and in women this difference was 6.6%. Patients receive a lower dose both in tests with and without a contrasting agent compared to the tests where ODM was not used. A statistical significance of the obtained results was found.
The usefulness of relaxation time using MRI measurements
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Bober, Zuzanna; Aebisher, David; Truszkiewicz, Adrian; Ożóg, Łukasz; Bartusik-Aebisher, Dorota
Introduction. Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods are now frequently used for the analysis of the diseased tissue. These methods are based on the fact that the spin-lattice, T1, and the spin-spin, T2, relaxation times are different in diseased tissue as compared to that of normal tissue. Aim. Here we present measurements of spin-lattice relaxation time T1 on a Magnetic Resonance Imaging scaner with field strength 1.5 Tesla. Material and methods. Measurements of T1 relaxation time and analysis of literature. Results. We provide procedure for measurements of T1 relaxation time with field strength 1.5 Tesla and present a discussion of current applications.

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