Journal of Education, Technology and Computer Science nr 4(34)2023

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttps://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/10196

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A Teacher in the Era of the Spread of Artificial Intelligence Applications – Challenges and Difficulties
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Ścieranka, Sandra
The tasks of a modern teacher are definitely different from those they had to perform a decade ago. In the era of various changes taking place, constantly developing, but also accompanying digitization in every sphere of life, the role of the teacher takes on a new meaning – flexibility and openness to changes on their part become necessary. Therefore, teachers face new challenges, roles and skills to expand. The conducted considerations are aimed at showing the impact of digitization both on the daily work of the teacher, the performance of professional functions, as well as his relationship with students. The punchline becomes the need to use artificial intelligence tools, as well as the essence and necessity of media literacy of modern teachers, which is reflected in the entire didactic process carried out among students shaped by digitization and the world of media. Among the others, the aim of the work was to determine attitudes of the educators (on the rating scale) about the presented approach to the work.
An Analysis on Research Trends of Distance Education
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Mitroulia, Maria; Armakolas, Stefanos; Krotký, Jan
The term “Distance Education” (hereafter DE) is gaining popularity amid new global trends in cross-cultural studies of transnational education. The main objective of this article is to identify the academic research development and future research goals in the Distance Education domain using the Scopus database in the last decade (2012–2022). To this end, a bibliometric analysis was performed examining the distribution of publications, the most influential scientific publication venues, the most productive authors, and regions and concluding with an explanation of the keywords co-occurrence in line with the VOSviewer program. The outcomes revealed that the most frequently examined topics in the field of DE can be detected, which focused on distance learning, online teaching, online education, moocs, ICT, and constitute subgenres of the literature under consideration. All in all, the paper can help scholars understand and decipher current trends, keep up with DE research directions, and finally enable them to conduct their future research more effectively.
Artificial Intelligence and Ethics
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Hilcenko, Christine; Taubman-Bassirian, Tara
A more covert aspect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) pertains to the ethical quandaries surrounding the actions of machines. In the case of Large Language Models (LLMs), hidden beneath their seemingly impeccable automated outputs lies a colossal amalgamation of trillions of compiled data points, comprising copied blogs, articles, essays, books, and artworks. This raises profound questions about copyright ownership and retribution for the original authors. But beyond intellectual property, another insidious facet of LLMs emerges – their propensity to cause harm to individuals through what can only be described as hallucinatory outputs. Victims of these AI- -generated delusions suffer defamation, and their plight remains largely unnoticed. Amidst the marvels of AI, the plight of the underpaid laborers who form the backbone of AI development is seldom acknowledged, a subject that warrants more profound discussion. Furthermore, as AI algorithms continue to permeate various aspects of society, they bring to the fore issues of bias. For instance, facial recognition technologies frequently exhibit skewed outcomes, leading to false accusations and grave consequences due to over-reliance on these technologies.
Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Development Trends and New Reality
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Chervona, Lesya; Lakusha, Nataliia; Krokhmal, Nataliia; Myroshnychenko, Serhii
The article reveals various aspects of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education. Prospects for the use of AI in higher education are discussed, and specific examples of the use of AI for educational purposes are considered. AI, having great potential for improving the quality of higher education, also carries potential risks of use that must be taken into account. The role of artificial intelligence in the educational process of higher education, evaluation and management of educational processes is emphasized. That is why attention is focused on the issue of what aspects are behind the use of AI in education. The issue of ethical and social consequences of the use of AI in education is discussed.
Child: “I don’t Understand – We didn’t Learn that in Kindergarten!”
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Hilčenko, Slavoljub; Nikolić, Sanja
By the end of 2022, Serbia transformed its preschool education system, transitioning from a traditional approach to a project-based learning approach. However, if this transformation remains limited to preschool education without coordinated changes in learning at lower (and even higher) grades of elementary school in the next 4–8 year cycle, teachers, children, and their parents will be most affected. We believe that the new project-based approach to learning for children will not provide adequate fundamental and systematic knowledge in many scientific fields, including mathematics methodology (e.g., spatial and temporal relationships, arithmetic, number concept, ratios, fractions, geometry…). The consequences will not only be visible in their further education but also in their inadequate preparation to navigate their environment and understand space, time, relationships, and other mathematical concepts. This is what the educators' survey results are talking. The aim of this paper is to highlight possible problems since the Government of the Republic of Serbia and the Ministry of Education have not suggested a linear reform of these education levels.
Comparison of Angular, React, and Vue Technologies in the Process of Creating Web Applications on the User Interface Side
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Dymora, Paweł; Mazurek, Mirosław; Nycz, Mariusz
This paper presents a comparative analysis of three programming technologies and their application in building a web application, taking into account the code on the server-side and the user interface side. Three equivalent applications Angular, Vue, and React were analyzed. The needs for web applications are described, the implementation of particular functionalities in all technologies is presented together with the programming of database functionalities. The article is aimed at helping students of computer science faculties to make an informed choice of a framework or library for a specific project, taking into account the differences between these popular solutions.
Designing Experiments for a Research-Oriented Model of Learning in the Subject of Technique in Lower Secondary Education
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Ďuriš, Milan; Očkajová, Alena; Kvasnová, Petra
In this article, attention is paid to the selected design of experiments that will be part of a research-oriented model of students’ education in the subject of Technique in lower secondary education in the Slovak Republic. The proposed model of education reflects the long-term needs of students’ education in the subject of Technique, which, despite the updated content of the curriculum in the Educational Standard of the subject of Technique, have not yet been met. Part of the model is the application of formative assessment of students in the framework of the implemented experiential learning of students. Due to the limited scope of this article, two experiments from the set of proposed experiments are presented with the methodology of the actual implementation. The given problem is solved within the KEGA project No. 006UMB-4/2022 in the years 2022–2024.
Didactic Film in Computer-Aided Education of People with Visual and Hearing Impairments
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Jędryczkowski, Jacek
Artificial intelligence mechanisms enable fast speech transcription and printed text recognition (Optical Character Recognition). Speech synthesizers for reading any digital documents have also become popular. In most cases, these are free solutions that can significantly support the education and functioning of people with visual and hearing impairments. Unfortunately, the knowledge of parents and caregivers on this subject is insufficient. Bearing this in mind, a suitable series of educational videos was prepared and published on YouTube. Subsequently, research was conducted to determine whether and to what extent there is a demand for video materials on this topic. For this purpose, the method of implicit observation was used, carried out using YouTube Analytics mechanisms. Its results are available in the form of numerous reports and summaries. Based on the collected materials, a considerable interest in the study was found. It was possible to determine which issues are of particular interest to the recipients. The obtained results will allow for further development of the educational offer.
Didactics of Electrical Engineering and Its Components in the Context of Digitalization of Education
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Serafín, Čestmír
Didactics is defined as the theory of education. It deals with the specific forms, procedures and goals of teaching that a teacher implements with his/her students. As such, it is an integral part of pedagogy. Since the forms, procedures and objectives of teaching vary in their specificity for the different fields, disciplines and subjects of education, this specificity is reflected in the disciplinary or subject didactics. The latter thus deal with the processes of teaching and learning with regard to subject-specificity and specificity. The article is thematically devoted to the area of subject or subject didactics, specifically didactics of electrical engineering, which is of particular importance for vocational technical education, as it forms a key part of it both in practice and in the preparation of teachers of such disciplines. The article also presents some of the results of the author’s research from recent years, which focuses specifically on the areas of modern technologies and their impact on the teaching process, especially in electrical engineering-oriented teaching subjects; tools for developing technical but also digital literacy are presented.
Homo interneticus – a challenge for modern education
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Walat, Wojciech
This paper presents the three characteristics that constitute the modern type of Internet man – homo interneticus – easily lead to the rapid development of functional illiteracy. Therefore, education faces a great challenge in the era of dominant and widely accepted functional illiteracy.
Innovation in the Context of the Modern Education Model
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Riezanova, Natalia
The phenomenon of innovation and its significance for the modern model of education are subjected to scientific reflection, the semantic transformation of the concept of “innovation” and its modern understanding are analysed. It is noted that “innovation” is closely related to such categories as “new”, “discovery”, “creativity”, and the process of innovation is a challenge to the needs of society. The article defines the content of innovation as a form of objectification of the new, which is assigned the status of a factor of social development, analyses the conditions for successful implementation of innovations and the formation of innovative thinking as a necessary component of modern education. The innovative orientation of thinking is analysed through the prism of social and pedagogical innovation processes and is considered as a property of a modern personality. It is innovative thinking that ensures the success of innovative activities, overcoming stereotypes, openness to learning new things and active use of new, non-standard ways of solving complex problems. As part of the learning process, innovative thinking is carried out at the cognitive and instrumental levels and enables the emergence of an innovative personality as a special quality of a person in the modern world.
Involvement of Young People in Extracurricular Activities in General Education Secondary School – an Opportunity for their Balanced Development
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Tłuczek-Tadla, Ewa
The article addresses important issues related to the daily educational experiences of Polish secondary school students. In the first place it focuses on the general concepts conveyed by the title, such as balanced development, extracurricular activities, and volunteering. The theoretical and exploratory purpose as well as practical and implementation related goals have been formulated. The main research problem was defined as follows: What was secondary school students’ involvement in extracurricular activities in school, in the context of their opportunities for balanced development? The study applied a method of diagnostic assessment, a survey technique and a specially designed questionnaire. The survey was conducted in May and June 2022 among 286 secondary school students in the Podkarpackie Region. Majority of the respondents did not engage in extracurricular activities. The students who were involved in some kind of extracurricular activity most often perceived various gains for themselves. The most popular were volunteering projects organised by the school. The students reported that involvement in extracurricular activities most often allowed them to gain knowledge, develop skills and help other people. The gains perceived by the respondents can contribute to their balanced development.
Methodology of Scientific Knowledge of Educational Axiology of Europeanisation
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Ridei, Nataliia; Tytova, Nataliia; Kanova, Liudmyla; Sydorenko, Tetiana; Romanenko, Nataliia
The concrete scientific methodology of sociological research expresses the system of prevailing ruling principles of theoretical concepts, techniques, methods and means of technical regulation, which unites the complex of theoretical and methodological basis and the architecture of the outline of the sociological field of sciences and knowledge, normalized by means of regulators of the system analysis in the quality of sociological research by levels: high – fundamental and philosophical foundations of sociological knowledge; sufficient – approaches, principles, techniques, methods of general scientific interdisciplinary and fundamental knowledge; concretely determinative – set of parametric evaluation in the methods and procedures of the social and philosophical technique of theoretical and applied research. The most used philosophical methods are analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction, generalization and specification, observation and analogy, modeling and forecasting. In the perspective of social and philosophical study, the above-mentioned methods of analysis acquire semantic application in the study of social and cultural objects of the organization in the field of education, science and innovation (namely, multidimensional analysis acquires the status of content analysis).
Modeling and Statistical Analysis of Data Breach Problems in Python
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Dymora, Paweł; Mazurek, Mirosław; Nycz, Mariusz
The subject of the work is electronic medical record linkage threat analysis and modeling with the use of the submitted data breaches list published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Multipronged data analysis with the use of statistics utilities and data visualization has been conducted. The model forecasting the number of data breaches based on a time series mathematical model has also been built. The article reviews the tools and techniques used in data security analysis and presents practical examples of modeling and analysis that can be used in practice to improve data protection. It was shown how important it is to protect personal data, especially medical data, and what tools can be used in the educational process of data analytics for students to effect data analysis, trend assessment, and data prediction.
Possibilities of Development of Informatics Thinking of Pupils and Students Using the Model of Subject-Didactic Competences of Teachers
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Klement, Milan; Bryndová, Lucie
The development and incorporation of the concept of the development of computational thinking into the curriculum of computing subjects is currently one of the major challenges facing the Czech school system. However, such a concept of teaching presupposes a targeted development of content-subject and didactic- pedagogical competencies of teachers necessary for the development of computational thinking in their pupils and students. Thus, the present paper deals with the possibility of defining a general model of subject-matter and didactic competences of teachers supporting the development of computational thinking in pupils and students.
Possibilities of Digitalization of the Qualification Thesis Topic Submission Process
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Klement, Milan
The challenges associated with the process of awarding and processing qualification work can be traced both in the area of efforts to improve the quality of this specific process and in the area of supporting the digitisation of the study agenda in general. Given that the core processes at the university rely on highly skilled professionals, digitising processes is not as straightforward as it would be for more mechanical work. Although universities have a long tradition of organising work, they have not yet paid much attention to digitised processes. For this reason, we developed and piloted a flexible electronic workflow for digitizing a selected process and tested it under real-life conditions, including the implementation of qualitative research. The results show the usefulness and adaptability of the proposed electronic workflow from the perspective of its users.
Programming Robots in Kindergarten
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Nikolić, Sanja; Hilčenko, Slavoljub
Children at an early age easily acquire new technical and technological knowledge, and their abilities and skills surpass all expectations. Nowadays, children are already familiar with and interested in new technologies from a very young age, as it is an integral part of everyday life and has great potential for future development. In light of this, programming robots in kindergarten emerges as a very relevant and popular topic, which is precisely the subject of this paper.
Pupils’ Risky Behavior in the Cyberspace During the Transition to Distance Education
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Mičková, Helena; Miková, Jana; Nováková, Zdenka; Šmida, Jan
In connection with the covid pandemic and the closing of schools as anti-covid emergency measures in many countries, face-to-face teaching has moved to an online environment. The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic has issued Methodological Recommendations for distance education realized online using software tools, the Internet, and digital technologies. The presented pilot study brought disturbing findings about online teaching, namely that respondents experienced threats during distance education, with some even being blackmailed. Three hundred fifteen respondents from elementary and secondary schools in the Czech Republic took part in the pilot study, which was realized via a questionnaire survey. At the same time, the pilot study points to other risks of online learning when transitioning to a distance form of education, which also presents several other risks in cyberspace.
Renewal Plan and Reform State Educational Programme in Relation to the Perspective of Technical Education in Primary Schools in Slovakia
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Pavelka, Jozef
The study is based on selected parts of the Renewal Plan – Component 7: Education for the 21st Century, outlining the main aims and objectives of curriculum reform for primary and secondary education in Slovakia. The reform is set to be fully implemented from 2026. In relation to the aims and objectives of the curriculum reform, the study presents analytical conclusions regarding possible problem areas related to technical education in primary schools.
Research Focused on the Development of Technical Literacy of Elementary School Students
(The University of Rzeszów Publishing House, 2023-12) Beisetzer, Peter
The article describes a strategic approach to the development of technical literacy of elementary school students from the point of view of research activities. The research activity is concretized for the development of graphic, spatial imagination, which is assumed by the activities related to the understanding of the text. Research aimed at determining the degree of correlation between reading an educational text with comprehension and geometric, spatial imagination will contribute to the evaluation of the issue.

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