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O biograficznych aluzjach do rzeczywistości w poezji. Wprowadzenie teoretycznoliterackie
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2022-12) Garczarek, Krzysztof
This article is an introduction to theoretical considerations focused on biographical allusions to reality that find their place in poetry. The author, following the theories of literary fiction rooted in Aristotle’s thought, takes the position that all scientific considerations concerning the actual prototypes of the creation of the represented worlds must start with the rejection of existential monism and assume the existence of ‘possible worlds’. The author proposes to introduce the concept of ‘biographical allusion formulated by applying a lyric strategy’ into literary theory and indicates three basic lyrical strategies of this type: testimony, confession and challenge.
Poetyka dawniej i dziś
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Kostkiewiczowa, Teresa
The meaning of the word “poetics,” as derived from the Aristotle’s understanding given in Poetics, points to the ways of creating works of the art of word, their components and connections as, well as the formation of utterances. It also reveals the humanistic character of literary output being human products that are aimed at providing insights into the human world. Poetics presents a fundamental set of terms referring to a literary work, which are still used and, in fact, are indispensable in all areas of the contemporary literary, as well as cultural studies. Due to the changes in the field of literature itself, this set of terms and notions is constantly being updated, and it is still open in terms of both its components and their senses. It constitutes a conceptual framework, some elements of which are universal and operational in nature, and some connected with a particular cognitive horizon and a certain way of perceiving and understanding literature. Poetics is not a permanent theoretical model of literariness, nor is it a set of instructions determining an interpretation of a literary work. It aims at establishing certain testable tools which are indispensable not only in literary studies, but also in studying all other forms having a semiotic content (intersemiotic poetics). For this reason, certain basic terms and notions applied in poetics can be seen as important epistemological categories in which the human mind perceives the world.
Poetyka jako dyskurs
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Kasperski, Edward
The article discusses three different types and applications of poetics: 1) poetics as a normative practice aimed at the assessment and calibration of literary works, formulating rules that literature should comply with and postulating aesthetic solutions and literary trends, 2) poetics as a nomothetic theory, the purpose of which is to discover both historical and structural laws and regularities underlying literature, 3) poetics as a specific discourse on literature, which in the face of a multitude, diversity and historical variability of literary phenomena is aware of its own relativity, flexibility and limitations. Normative poetics is embedded in literary criticism and usually debates contemporary problems of literature. Nomothetic poetics leans toward what is permanent, regular and, as it were, ‘eternal’ in literature. In turn, poetics understood as discourse attempts to follow transformations of literature. However, what distinguishes it from theoretical and historical poetics is that it not only takes into account the diversity and variability of literature but it also corrects and adjusts its own conceptual framework to the properties of literature. Maintaining distance from itself and regarding itself with a certain amount of mistrust, this type of poetics tries to avoid placing itself above the studied literary reality and succumbing to the delusion that it is theory (poetics) that governs literature, defining its form and sense. This results in the need for constant revisions of research methods, concept, terminology as well as the scope and object of poetics. In this way poetics participates in the process of transformation that literature is subject to. Putting the above-mentioned types of poetics in the historical perspective, the article also discusses their contemporary condition. It indicates their relations to mythology, philosophy, methodology, various branches of knowledge and fields of art. The paper focuses on methodological, cognitive and theoretical criticism of poetics, which has characterized recent decades and rocked it to its foundations. It has cast doubt on the academic standing of formalist and structural poetics that has been dominating so far. On the one hand, it has legitimized painful consciousness of the fact that the old twentieth-century paradigm of poetics disintegrated, while on the other, it made it clear that the resultant void should be filled with research and solutions adequate for the conditions and needs of the 21st century. This belief in the rebirth and strength of the poetic tradition breeds hope for the establishment of poetics for which the point of reference and distinguishing mark will not be traditional presence, past, or static eternity, but dynamic future – that, as the poet has it, “eternal corrector”.
Poetyka opisowa wśród współczesnych nauk o literaturze
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Saganiak, Magdalena
The purpose of the article is to present the position of descriptive poetics among various literary studies after the postmodernist turn. This problem is depicted as a methodological one, and relating to several important debates concerning: the specific character of the humanities, the validation of empirical cognition (including the issue of perceiving the cognition of the literary work as empirical one), the meaning of linguistic expressions (and the meaning of text), as well as the epistemological status of categories applied in science. The article outlines changes in the understanding of the cognitive status of literary studies, as affected by the modern philosophical discourse. These changes include: questioning of the existence of the literary fact, questioning of the existence of intersubjective area of research, perceiving the researcher’s language as a personal one, placing the literary thought at the meta-level of thinking of non-existence of coherent literary text and the human inability to understand it. These features of the contemporary literary studies push poetics out of its traditional research area, that is the descriptive studies which observe the literary text and lead to the formation of the sphere of intersubjective notions which are confirmed by the text analysis and assist in aesthetic perception of the artistic works (Polish: postaciowanie - the term used by Stanisław Ossowski). Further, the author of the article presents the categories used by descriptive poetics not only as a language of scientific description, but also as components of the former and the present-day literary communication. She also points to the negative effects of the decline of the language of descriptive poetics, which include: the difficulties in understanding the work of art, the recipient’s inability to describe their own reading experience, the loss of the connection with literary tradition. Changes in the categories applied in descriptive poetics are desirable but such transformations would also entail certain fundamental difficulties.
The Science of Polish Verse (?). Rzecz o teorii notacji poetyckiej Sidneya Laniera w kontekście współczesnych kulturowych teorii literatury
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2021) Ujma, Martyna
The article presents the theoretical-literary concept developed by Sidney Lanier in the second half of the 19th century in America. The author presents the assumptions of the theory of poetic notation, primary and secondary rhythm, and the links between literature and the social landscape described by the American in “The Science of English Verse” and “The English Novel”. The considerations are included in the framework of reflection on the way of shaping contemporary cultural literary studies.
Uczyć poetyk - dawnych i nowych!
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Wysłouch, Seweryna
Poetics is of systemic nature and is dually dependent: on methodology (as it stems from methodological assumptions), and on literature (as it serves the purpose of analysing a literary work). Hence, when these two disciplines undergo transformations, poetics does too. Apart from the structural poetics which has now come in for a lot of criticism, one may also distinguish generative poetics (narratology) and cognitive poetics. Each of them has different aims and suggests their own and dissimilar research tools. Generative poetics postulates studying the mechanism of formation of the plot structures, whereas cognitive poetics aims at studying the perception of literature. The author of the article proposes “teaching poetics of both former and present times”, and check their usefulness in analysing literary works. She also postulates introducing cultural poetics which will serve the purpose of analysing texts which use various modes of expression.
Życie pośmiertne poetyki
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Korwin-Piotrowska, Dorota
Artykuł stanowi omówienie współczesnych dyskusji, które toczą się wokół poetyki, dziedzictwa strukturalizmu oraz nowych kierunków badawczych. Stanowi zestawienie najważniejszych argumentów przeciw tradycyjnie pojmowanej poetyce – i próbę ich rozważenia oraz sproblematyzowania. Konkluzję stanowią propozycje dotyczące zmiany podejścia do zastanej terminologii, rozszerzenia zadań poetyki o aspekty praktyczne, a także zachowania wielotorowego rozwoju dziedziny.
Украинская литературная теория ХХ века в контексте идеи кризиса и смерти поэтики
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Червинская, Ольга
The article analyses the methodological principles according to which the Ukrainian literary discourse of the 20th century was formed. The seamlessness of this process is expounded as a natural phenomenon motivated by the historical situation and the contextual connections with the European scientific experience. The selected research aspect is related to the peculiarity of the literary text perception. At the same time, the article explains and highlights the necessity to make a fundamental distinction between hermeneutical methods and receptive poetics viewed as phenomenologically opposite methodologies, as well as the relevance of both components of the modern methodological practice to the development of the theory of intertextuality.