Przeglądanie według Temat "meta-analysis"

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Begriff des Lehrers und seine sozialen Rollen
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Basler, Jaromír
Der vorgelegte Artikel fasst ausgewählte bisherige Erkenntnisse aus dem Bereich der Pädagogik zusammen, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den Begriff des Lehrers und auf seine sozialpädagogischen Rollen gelegt wird. Das Hauptziel des Beitrages besteht in der Durchführung der theoretischen Analyse des Begriffs des Lehrers, der Typologie des Lehrers und seiner sozialen Rollen. Im Rahmen der Metaanalyse wurde festgestellt, dass die Berufsgruppe der Lehrer sehr differenziert ist, ebenso wie die Wahrnehmung des Begriffs des Lehrers. Ferner wurde festgestellt, dass der Lehrerberuf viele soziale Rollen umfasst, die der Lehrer zu vertreten hat, und in diesem Zusammenhang können wir den Lehrerberuf zu Berufen zählen, die hohe Ansprüche an den Menschen stellen.
Composite index of anthropometric failure and conventional anthropometric indices of undernutrition among children in India – a systematic review and meta-analysis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Roy, Soumyajit Singha; Mondal, Nitish
Introduction and aim. The high prevalence of childhood undernutrition continues to be a major public health issue in India. This systematic and meta-analysis study employed both the composite index of anthropometric failures (CIAF) and conventional to determine the magnitude of undernutrition in Indian children. Material and methods. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from 2005 to June 2023 using electronic databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, J-Gate, and ScienceDirect. A random-effects model for pooled prevalence rates was generated and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index and Q statistics. Analysis of the literature. CIAF revealed a higher prevalence of undernutrition than conventional anthropometric indices in children aged 0 to 72 months. The combined prevalence of stunting and underweight was 37% (95%CI: 0.32-0.41), and wasting was 22% (95%CI: 0.18-0.25) (p<0.01). However, according to CIAF categorization, the pooled prevalence of undernourishment was reported to be 55% (95% CI:0.50-0.60; p<0.01). CIAF’s higher prevalence highlights its effectiveness in capturing childhood undernutrition, accounting for children with multiple concurrent nutritional deficiencies in population. Conclusion. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the assessment of undernutrition using conventional anthropometric indices compared with CIAF, which aggregate different aspects of undernutrition, especially when children have multiple undernutrition issues. Appropriate, target-specific interventions are necessary to improve the overall nutritional status of Indian children.
The use of topical metronidazole in the management of seborrheic dermatitis – a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Lee, E. Lyn; Shanmugham, Suresh; Kumar, Suresh; Smales, Frederick Charles; Ching, Siew Mooi; Veettil, Sajesh K.
Introduction and aim. Topical metronidazole, with its well-known anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, could be beneficial for managing seborrheic dermatitis (SD), but studies report conflicting results. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical metronidazole in the treatment of SD. Material and methods. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL was conducted from inception to April 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing metronidazole to any comparator for SD were included in this study. Data were pooled using random-effects models. Analysis of the literature. Seven RCTs were included. Overall, topical metronidazole did not significantly reduce SD symptom severity when compared to any comparator/treatment. However, it significantly reduced symptom severity compared to placebo after 4 to 8 weeks (standardized mean difference (SMD) -3.00, 95% CI, -5.21 to -0.78). Specifically for facial SD, metronidazole showed significant symptom reduction (SMD -0.85, 95% CI, -1.41 to -0.29). No significant differences were found in the proportion of patients with clinical improvement or side effect frequency. Most studies had a high risk of bias and lacked information on missing data and assessor masking. Conclusion. Topical metronidazole demonstrates potential for managing SD, but current trials lack quality. Larger, high-quality trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and compare it with other treatments for SD.
The X-ray repair cross-completing gene 1 (XRCC1) polymorphisms and lung cancer incidence – a confirmatory umbrella review of observational evidence
(Rzeszów University Press, 2025-03) Velmurugan, Saranya; Ganesan, Karthikeyan; Rajendran, Ramya; Subbaraj, Gowtham Kumar
Introduction and aim. Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with X-ray repair cross-comple menting gene 1 (XRCC1) playing a crucial role in DNA repair and influencing LC risk through genetic mutations. Despite nu merous meta-analyses, results have been inconsistent. This study systematically evaluated existing meta-analyses to clarify the association between XRCC1 gene variations and LC. Material and methods. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Co chrane databases. The present Umbrella review followed PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. The AMSTAR tool assessed the meth odological quality of the included studies. Analysis of the literature. A total of 28 data sets were analyzed: 9 for the rs25487 (codon 399), 11 for the rs1799782 (codon 194), and 8 for the rs25489 (codon 280) polymorphisms. Significant associations were found with odds ratios ranging from 0.93 to 1.92 (p<0.05) in 16 data sets. XRCC1 rs25487/codon 399 and rs1799782/codon 194 were strongly linked to LC risk, while rs25489 (codon 280) was not. Twelve datasets showed significant heterogeneity, and publication bias was not detected in 24 datasets. Most meta-analyses demonstrated high methodological quality. Conclusion. These findings suggest that XRCC1 (rs25487/codon 399 and rs1799782/codon 194) gene polymorphisms have the potential to serve as biomarkers for the early identification and management of LC risk.