Przeglądanie według Temat "formal logic"

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Krytyczne myślenie i logika formalna w badaniach literaturoznawczych na przykładzie wybranych utworów Ignacego Krasickiego
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Magryś, Roman
Formal logic and critical thinking are complementary tools in research of literary texts. Critical thinking is especially useful in the case of works which are antinomic in character as they are based on disputable ironic meeting points. Ignacy Krasicki’s satires are such type of text. A special difficulty is posed by the interpretation of Journey of a Warmian bishop, as the work read separately and with the use of particular contexts assumes ambiguous meanings. The application of the methodology of critical thinking, which is based on multisided approach to text, leads to the conclusion that primary law of classical logic, the law of excluded middle, does not apply. Journey is a dialogic work, even though ideological reasons for and against foreign travels are not equal.
Prawda i fałsz wypowiedzi literackiej
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2020) Magryś, Roman
The article “Truth and Falsity of Literary Statements” investigates the issue of logical values, and consequently communication related status of sentences in indicative mood occurring in works of literature. The problem is discussed with reference to theoretical assumptions of classical logic, intuitionistic logic, and other possible intensional logics as well as phenomenological concepts proposed by Roman Ingarden. In this context it is suggested that intensional systems, mainly intuitionistic logic be adequately applied to identify logical value of literary sentences. As a result, it is assumed that the logical value of literary sentences depends on the specific logical system selected; according to the standards of intuitionistic logic, literary statements are true, likely or false. In this context it seems necessary to revise Roman Ingarden’s phenomenological assumption that sentences in indicative mood in a work of fiction do not have objective point of reference. It is suggested that such sentences be recognised as false, and therefore indicative of the group of their intentional meanings as a specific model of reality which can be deemed true or false.
The Genesis of logic – Antiquity
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2022-12) Kułak, Izabela; Bajda, Karol
Logic is one of the oldest sciences. The study of its origin is not only extremely interesting, but also important in the context of understanding its essence. Logic as a science arose in antiquity. Famous representatives of those times considered logic, pointing to its great importance and the ability to apply. Aristotle is considered to be the creator of logic as a scientific discipline. However, even before the activity of the Stagirite, other philosophers also dealt with logic. In this article, it was decided to present the history of logic, covering the epoch of antiquity. The basic merits of individual representatives of this period were discussed, taking into account their deliberations on logic. The authors of the study do not, however, pretend to comprehensively present the views of ancient thinkers. It is not easy to describe in detail the positions and reflections on the logic of individual representatives of the antiquity in one article. Due to the limited framework of the study, the article briefly discusses the indicated topics.