Przeglądanie według Temat "diabetes mellitus"

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Brazilians living with diabetes do not meet basic physical activity guidelines for health – a cross-sectional study
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-06) de Lima, Dartel Ferrari; Lima, Lohran Anguera; de Souza, Dayane Cristina; Sampaio, Adelar Aparecido; Machado, Daiana
Introduction and aim. The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of physical activity (PA) of Brazilian adults living with diabetes mellitus living in large Brazilian urban centers, as well as to determine whether the practice aligns with the physical activity guidelines recommended for people with diabetes. Material and methods. Cross-sectional data were acquired from the 2020 Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, in which about 54,000 persons aged 18 and older in all Brazilian state capitals were contacted in a telephone survey. Participants reported on their engagement in recreational physical activity and active commuting to school and/or work in the three months preceding the interview, as well as the weekly frequency and duration of these activities. They also stated whether they were living with diabetes. A descriptive analysis was performed, and statistical significance was determined using Pearson’s chi-squared test. Results. In 2020, 7.9% of the population identified themselves living with diabetes. There was a greater frequency among older women and those with less education. Walking, water aerobics, and general gymnastics were the most common kinds of physical activity reported by people with diabetes. Moreover, over half of them (54.5%) were inactive, and 15% matched the physical activity criteria. The majority (90%) practiced PA for 30 minutes or more per day, while 87% of those who were active and exercised 1 to 2 times per week did not meet the requirements of the Ministry of Health. Conclusion. In 2020, 7.9% of the population identified themselves as having diabetes. There was a higher frequency among older women and those with less schooling. In the sample as a whole, approximately 70% of people living with diabetes were inactive (54.5%) or did not meet the minimum BP recommendations for people with diabetes. The duration of each session seemed to be in line with the recommendations, however, the lack of regularity caused by the low weekly frequency meant that the minimum recommended target could not be achieved. Efforts involving the continued monitoring of people living with diabetes and counseling in Primary Health Care to opt for a more physically active life, seem to be promising acts for a healthier life, pending a definitive resolution to the disease.
Evaluation of neutrophil phagocytic, complement functions, and cytokines expression among diabetic patients in Abuja, Nigeria
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2019) Babandina, Musa Muhammad; Mainasara, Abdullahi Suleiman; Bakare, Mustapha; Emeribe, Anthony Uchenna; Shuwa, Halima Ali; Haruna, Shamsuddeen; Muhammad, Aminu Said; Abdullahi, Idris Nasir
Introduction. Inflammatory response in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) begins with chronic sub-clinical inflammations as a result of insulin resistance and activation of both innate and adaptive immune system as the disease progresses to complicated diabetes. Hence, the present study investigated the neutrophil phagocytic, complement function (CH50), and some cytokine profiles among diabetic and non-diabetic patients attending the National Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria. Aim. To evaluate the neutrophil phagocytic, complement function (CH50), and some cytokine profiles among post-operative septic diabetic and post-operative septic non-diabetic patients at the National Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria. Material and methods. Subjects were recruited by convenient sampling technique through interviewer-administered questionnaires. Subsequently, blood samples were collected. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) (mmol/L) was determined using glucose oxidase method. Neutrophil function test (Fmol/phag) was assayed using nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test (NBT). Hemolytic complement function (CH 50) test was conducted using serum harvested from sheep sensitized with human group (ORh D +ve) red blood cells. While serum Interleukin-4, -6, -10 and TNF- α were determined using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results. Mean ±} Standard deviation (SD) of FBS concentration of 10.5 ±} 1.3 (mmol/|L) among diabetic and 4.7 ±} 0.9 (mmol/L) among non-diabetics was recorded. There is a decrease in neutrophil phagocytic function with a mean ±} SD of 5.4 ±} 2.1 (Fmol/ phag) in diabetics compared to 9.2 ±} 2.1 (Fmol/phag) in non-diabetics. Similarly, complement (CH 50) function and C-reactive protein were significantly lower in diabetics when compared to non-diabetics (p<0.001). There was a significant difference in IL-6 concentration between diabetics and non-diabetics groups, but no significant difference was observed in TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10 concentrations between study groups (p>0.05). TNF-α and IL-6 was significantly higher in diabetics with cardiovascular disorders compared to non-diabetics subjects with cardiovascular disorders (p<0.001). Conclusion. Findings from this study revealed the association of complement, neutrophil phagocytic function, CRP and IL-6 among septic diabetic patients,. In addition TNF-α and IL-6 expression was higher in DM patients with cardiovascular disorders.
Infuence of HbA1c, serum lipids, blood pressure and BMI on Auditory Brainstem Response in diabetic patients
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Dąbrowski, Mariusz; Mielnik-Niedzielska, Grażyna; Nowakowski, Andrzej
Introduction. Impaired hearing organ function including abnormalities in auditory brainstem response (ABR) are more frequent in diabetic subjects compared to the general population. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of selected modifiable factors on ABR latencies in diabetic subjects. Material and Methods. 58 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, aged <45 years, with diabetes duration <10 years, and without clinically overt hearing impairment or diabetic neuropathy, were included. In all subjects vital signs and blood samples were obtained, and ABR audiometry was performed. Results. Significantly delayed latencies in ABR were found in patients with total cholesterol <192 mg/dL, with HDL-cholesterol <49.5 mg/dL, with triglycerides >89 mg/dL, with presence of hypertension, and with systolic and diastolic blood pressure >135 and >78 mm Hg respectively. A linear correlation between triglycerides and wave I and III latencies, and between systolic blood pressure and wave III latency were revealed. A relationship between ABR latencies and HbA1c, LDL-cholesterol or BMI was not found. Conclusions. Several modifiable factors affect functioning of the retrocochlear part of the auditory pathway. If these results were confirmed in further studies, a vast area of possible therapeutic interventions to preserve hearing function in diabetic patients would become available.
The effect of diabetes on the connective tissue and the bone-joint system
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2018) Chwalba, Artur; Otto-Buczkowska, Ewa
Introduction. Diabetes is associated with a number of complications, including renal disease, peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, and vascular events. Aim. Article presents the research results reported in the scientific literature about the influence of diabetes on connective tissue and the bone-joint system. Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Conclusion. Due to its multi-systemic nature, the development of additional manifestations, such as musculoskeletal complications, is possible including, for example diabetic osteopathy, limited joint mobility, joint disorders, and other, many of which are subclinical and correlated with the disease duration and its inadequate control. They should be recognized and treated properly, because their management improves the patients’ quality of life.
Vitamin D – a key player in diabetes management – a review
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-09) Pant, Niranjan; Huang, Mingwei
Introduction and aim. Diabetes mellitus is a major health concern around the world and requires new management strategies. Several investigations have shown the connection between a lack of vitamin D and diabetes and its complexities. The objective of this review was to investigate the impact of vitamin D on maintaining glucose levels. Material and methods. The material and methods section of this review involved conducting a literature review. This process included searching databases such as PubMed Crossref, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for studies examining the relationship between vitamin D levels and complications of diabetes. These databases were selected to ensure a comprehensive exploration of the existing literature to provide a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between vitamin D status and diabetic complications. Analysis of the literature. Vitamin D plays an important role in preventing macrovascular and microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic kidney disease, and diabetic foot ulcer in people with diabetes mellitus. Correcting vitamin D deficiency through optimal dosages of vitamin D supplements is an effective way to address the management and prevention of macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetic individuals. This review emphasizes the critical importance of vitamin D supplementation for individuals with diabetes mellitus as it significantly maintains optimal blood glucose levels and reduces diabetes-associated risks. Conclusion. Vitamin D is vital for managing and preventing diabetes complications. It stabilizes blood glucose levels and reduces risks of complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, kidney disease, and foot ulcers. Including it in diabetes management is crucial for better health outcomes.