Przeglądanie według Temat "Lusatian culture"

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A Few Remarks on the Presence of Wood in Funeral Rites of the Lusatian Cultural in the Lublin Region
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2016) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
In the Early Iron Age, there were burial cemeteries (Bliskowice, Krupy, Lublin-Jakubowice Murowane) in the Lublin region where wooden chests/sarcophagi were built, probably as family graves. These cemeteries were arranged in order: rows of graves were running along the E-W axis, and each chest was located along the S-N axis. The dead, equipped with vessels and animal food, were burnt together with the chest. This custom refers to the burial rite performed by the population of the Western-Podolian Scythian culture. Previously, in the Bronze Age, population of the Lusatian culture used wood during funerary rites, but to a lesser extent (palisades and fences).
Beiträge zur Forschungen Lausitzer Brauchtums
(Institute of Archaeology Rzeszów University, 2013) Dąbrowski, Jan
This article is devoted to pottery vessels or their small sets from cemeteries, which do not contain the remains of the deceased and do not repeat the typical inventories for grave goods. These features include small vessels, usually containers for liquids, and rarely other items. A few chemical analyses have shown that they may have contained food. Unfortunately, descriptions of materials from outside graves are often incomplete and, therefore, there is no doubt that the known catalogue only contains some of the discovered artefacts. Nevertheless there are 273 features from 62 cemeteries. These mostly contain one vessel (up to a maximum of seven items) amounting from 0.2 to 5.8 % of the features from large cemeteries. It should be noted that as for the Lusatian cemeteries there are often metal, stone and flint artefacts among the graves. On the other hand, hoards of vessels are rare. The nature of these vessels suggests that they may have been used for ritual libations, which is considered to be common then. However, it appears that the offerings were given during rituals, which were not always associated with the funeral.
Brązowa bransoleta z Turkowic, pow. hrubieszowski
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
At the beginning of this century, a bronze bracelet was discovered in Turkowice near Hrubieszów. This isolated find probably comes from the younger part of the early Iron Age, as indicated by geometrical ornament covering the surface.
Bronze Age Hoard of Axes Found in Oficjałów, Opatów Commune, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2016) Florek, Marek
In 2011, a hoard consisting of 3 bronze flanged axes (with a funnel-shaped face), so called Bohemian type was found in the village Oficjałów, Opatów commune, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. The hoard can be dated to the middle period of the Bronze Age (HA1 phase). Regarding Polish territories, similar axes, mainly discovered in hoards, rarely individually, occasionally in burial complexes, are known mostly from Silesia, and also from western Lesser Poland, rarely from other regions. This is the third hoard of bronze items discovered on the Sandomierz Uplands and the first one containing axes. It may be the evidence of influence of the Western Lesser Poland group of the Lusatian culture (possibly even in the form of infiltration of small groups of people) on “Lusatian settlement” appearing on the Sandomierz Uplands. What is more, we cannot exclude the possibility that, together with other hoards and individual bronze artefacts from this area, it is the evidence of contacts of the local group of the Trzciniec culture with the “Lusatian” environment in the Sandomierz Upland.
Contribution to the research on the use of flint and stone by the Lusatian culture population during the Bronze age and Early Iron age in the Lublin region (remarks of a non-lithic expert)
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie, 2019) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
The population of the Lusatian culture inhabiting the Lublin area during the Bronze age and Early Iron age used various items made of flint and stone. The most spectacular finds include sickles and sickles inserts with surface retouch. Items made from flint and stone were used mainly as tools, but also as weapons, as well as prestige indicators. They also had symbolic function. These artefacts were probably produced on site at settlements and they were among the accessories of everyday life of the population living then. In the Early Iron age, in the valley of the Vistula River, local flint deposits were exploited. Flint knapping workshops were set up here. Extremly numerous flint artefacts were recorded at these workshops and they represent the so-called Kosin industry.
Dwa zabytki brązowe z południowo-wschodniej Lubelszczyzny
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie, 2020) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
The article describes two bronze artefacts discovered without context in the Lublin region. The first one is a fragment of a knife blade found in Kornie. This item can be associated with the onset of the Lusatian culture. The second artefact, the cheekpiece of the Kamyševach type, probably comes from the Carpathian Basin from the Thraco-Cimmerian environment in the late Bronze Age.
From the research on clay processing and the use of pottery products among the population of the Lusatian culture in the Lublin region
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie, 2017) Kłosińska, Elżbieta M.
In the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age pottery making was among the most important branches of domestic production. In the Lublin region there were numerous deposits of clay from which this raw material was extracted and then underwent special processing. Various techniques were developed in the course of making pottery vessels and creating other clay items. Pottery production was done by members of respective families, and high importance in this regard is attributed to women. Traditional technological processes were replicated and there were local peculiarities when it comes to the forms and ornamentation of the products. It is likely that for both the potter and the users of his/her products the implementation of magical actions when working with clay was important.
Koniec „łużyckiego świata”
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie, 2022-12) Czopek, Sylwester
The article is devoted to the disappearance of the Lusatian cultural circle, also traditionally called the Lusatian culture or, in more recent literature, the Lusatian urnfields. At the beginning, terminological issues are clarified and views on the disappearance of this cultural unit, which played an important role in Central Europe in the middle of the 2nd and 1st millennium BC, are presented. The main analytical part focuses on four regions within today’s borders of Poland – north-western, north-eastern, south-western and south-eastern. This is due to the sharply outlined foreign cultural features that are particularly sharp in these regions. This applies to the infiltration of the Jastorf culture (and earlier Nordic influences), the Baltic circle, the Hallstatt cultural complex and the Eastern European nomadic world. They are the aftermath of migration movements of varying intensity and chronology, but always within the early Iron Age (9th/8th–5th centuries BC). Signs of the structural crisis of the local Lusatian communities, which are very fragmented and do not constitute a cultural monolith, are also important for the considerations undertaken. The issue of changes in the natural environment on the border of the subboreal and subatlantic periods is also considered.
Lusatian culture in the Lublin region – history and state of research
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
The article presents the history of acquisition of sources for the research on the Lusatian culture in the Lublin region. It also names key issues arising from the state of research of available materials. Also, links with neighbouring cultural groups are stressed, and attention is drawn to the discontinuity in the development of the culture between the Bronze and Early Iron Age.
Metallurgical production of the Lusatian culture in the Lublin region – discussion questions
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie, 2016) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
In the Lublin region, more and more artefacts are being discovered that prove the existence of local bronze metallurgy there. Moreover, we should not exclude the presence and activity of highly qualified metallurgists coming from European bronze centres in the discussed area. On the other hand, the possibility of local iron metallurgy will remain in doubt.
Mikroregionalne relacje kulturowe we wczesnej epoce żelaza na przykładzie cmentarzysk z Wilkowic i Wierzbowej w Polsce środkowej
(Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, 2023-05-10) Błaszczyk, Jacek
Celem pracy jest porównanie położonych obok siebie w pow. Poddębice, cmentarzysk kultury łużyckiej i pomor-skiej z Wilkowic (stan. 1 i 2) i Wierzbowej (stan. 1). Cmentarzyska kultury łużyckiej przebadane zostały w całości. W Wilkowicach odkryto 148 a w Wierzbowej 213 grobów. Na cmentarzyskach kultury pomorskiej (przebada-nych częściowo) - w Wilkowicach odkryto 50 a w Wierzbo-wej 47 grobów. Na cmentarzysku w Wilkowicach datowanym na okres HaD (VI i poł. VII w. p.n.e) większość grobów nakry-wały bruki kamienne. Obok popielnic znajdowały się liczne przystawki. Odkryto też ozdoby z brązu i żelaza, noże żelaz-ne, osełki kamienne i włócznie żelazne. Na cmentarzysku kultury łużyckiej w Wierzbowej datowanym na schyłek okresu HaC i okres HaD (VI i VII w. p. n. e) dominowały groby bez obwarowań kamiennych. Ob-ok i wewnątrz popielnic znajdowano nieliczne przystawki, naczynia miniaturowe, ozdoby z brązu (połamane lub stopio-ne).Na cmentarzyskach kultury pomorskiej (faza LtA star-szego okresu przedrzymskiego) groby nie tworzyły zwartych skupisk. W Wilkowicach częściej znajdowano groby skrzyn-kowe z pojedynczymi pochówkami popielnicowymi i bezpo-pielnicowymi. W Wierzbowej liczniejsze były groby wielo-pochówkowe. Na obydwu cmentarzyskach natrafiono na groby, w których celowo umieszczany był orsztyn. Analiza materiałów wykazała, że w okresie HaD istniały obok siebie dwie grupy stosujące odmienne zwyczaje w budowie i wypo-sażaniu grobów, a w fazie LtA zwyczaje obydwu populacji były podobne.
Nieznana brązowa szpila uchata
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie, 2021) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
The discovery of the pin with an eyelet, incorrectly identified with the vicinity of Biłgoraj, most likely comes from Silesia or Greater Poland. It is a decoration that can be associated with the onset of the Lusatian culture in these areas.
Notes on Bronze Age Flintwork
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2016) Dąbrowski, Jan
The article is a brief overview of current state of research on the issue of production and use of flint tools in the Bronze Age and at the beginning of the Iron Age in Poland. Both special purpose tools and tools manufactured ad hoc are known to be widely used throughout Bronze Age. Usewear analysis of materials from Poland and Germany made an interesting contribution. Also flint mines were functioning at that time.
Nowe znalezisko nagolennika brązowego z terenu Lubelszczyzny
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie, 2022-12) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
A brown shin guard was recently discovered in a bend of the Tyśmienica River. The ornament was probably made in the Mazowsze-Podlasie center of bronze production. It can be dated to the younger section of the Early Iron Age – HaD.
Przemiany kulturowe i osadnicze na Roztoczu Środkowym i w Kotlinie Zamojskiej od środkowej epoki brązu do wczesnej epoki żelaza
(Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, 2019-01-10) Niedźwiedź, Józef
Kotlina Zamojska i Roztocze Środkowe w XVIII wieku BC zostały zasiedlone przez ludność kultury trzcinieckiej, która swoich zmarłych chowała pod kurhanami. Skupiskowy charakter osadnictwa odzwierciedlał struktury rodzinne i przejście od początkowej gospodarki pasterskiej do późniejszej rolniczo-hodowlanej. W XII stuleciu BC prawdopodobnie za sprawą przybyłych z Polski środkowej grup ludzkich powstała kultura łużycka, z ciałopalnym obrządkiem pogrzebowym i gospodarką rolniczo-hodowlaną. Jej specyficzne cechy wynikające z wpływów zewnętrznych (kultury Noua, Gáva i wysockiej) oraz wcześniejszego podłoża trzcinieckiego, pozwoliły wydzielić grupę lubelską kultury łużyckiej. Na niewielkich, płaskich cmentarzyskach ciałopalnych występowały skupiska grobów, podobnie osady tworzyły układy skupiskowe, co było odbiciem związków rodzinnych. Na przełomie HaB3 i HaC1 nastąpiła wyraźna zmiana kulturowa, widoczna głównie w ceramice, co przypisuje się wpływom wschodnim (kimmeryjskim, potem scytyjskim). W okresie HaD pojawiła się na tym terenie ludność kultury pomorskiej, z gospodarkę hodowlaną, przy dużej roli rolnictwa, która zmarłych chowała na niewielkich, rodzinnych, płaskich cmentarzyskach. W II w. BC została ona zastąpiona przez przybyłe z zewnątrz ugrupowania z kręgu jastorfskiego.
The Younger Bronze Age and the Beginning of the Iron Age in Chełmno Land in the Light of the Evaluation of Selected Finds of Metal Products
(Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego, 2016) Gackowski, Jacek
The article presents selected finds, both previously discovered and recent ones made of metal (bronze and iron), originating from Chełmno land and related with the settlement of the Lusatian population in the Younger Bronze Age and at the beginning of the Iron Age. Due to the discovery of several casting workshops and other traces of local bronze production, it is possible to assume that a certain selection of ornaments, weapons and tools was produced locally. However, the stylistic and utility models were always of supra-regional origin, for which many analogies can be found in the area of Kuyavia, Greater Poland and Silesia. Similar provenance has been noticed for iron objects discussed in the research.
Z badań nad znaleziskami brązowych sierpów z guzkiem na Lubelszczyźnie i na terenach ościennych
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie, 2017) Kłosińska, Elżbieta M.; Orzeł, Jolanta; Sadowski, Sylwester
The subject of the article is the selection of finds of knob-sickles, recently uncovered in the south-eastern border of the Lublin region. The sickles come from the Middle and Younger Bronze Age, and their provenance can be linked with the territories on the Dniester River. Sickles are multifunctional tools. They were used as harvesting tools, commodity money, a source of bronze raw material, and cult accessories.