Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego T. 36 (2015)

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Weapon and the military of the population of the West Podolian group of the Early Scythian culture in the light of sepulchral sources
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Burghardt, Marcin
The article has discussed the issue of weapon and the military of the population of the West Podolian group of the Early Scythian culture. The image, obtained on the basis of 49 burials with weapon does not differ from other communities of the forest-steppe variant of the Scythian culture. The common element for the entire amount of burials with weapon is their almost exclusive relationship with male graves. The most numerous kind of weapon was a bow with arrows (89.9% of burials with weapon of the West Podolian group of the Early Scythian culture). Regarding the wealthy military burials, the arrows were also accompanied by other categories of offensive weapons – spears (22.4%), blunt weapon (hammeraxes and battle-axes) (16.3%) and cutting weapon (10.2%). The richest warriors, including the members of local elites, apart from a few-item sets of weapon they were equipped with scale armour finished with metal plates at the edge (14%). Moreover, there were the elements of the horse harness in every fifth burial with weapon. This points to a slightly lesser role of cavalry than it was in the case of the other groups of the forest-steppe variant of the Scythian culture. The presence of a few-item sets of offensive weapons and armour in the graves indicates the presence of professional warriors, so-called „troopers” (18% of burials with weapon) in the Middle Dniester group. These warriors were part of military bands (troops), headed by the members of the local upper class (elites) (6%). The remaining military forces were warriors coming from the lower social strata.
Motyw głowy w kulturze pomorskiej
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Malinowski, Tadeusz
Referring to the conference that was held in 2012 regarding the head motif in ancient cultures (L. Gardeła, K. Kajkowski ed., 2013), the Pomeranian culture was omitted and therefore the author briefly presents his findings in this regard, linking the head motif with clay urns which present (mainly at the top of their parts) the elements of the face. As for these so-called face urns these elements are treated very differently: some of them are precise, but others are quite symbolic. The author collected (randomly) 29 face urns containing burned bones. Despite numerous observations it was not possible to draw the conclusion about the roles played by the head motif (in the form of presentation of the face elements) in the Pomeranian culture community.
Wyniki archeologicznych badań wykopaliskowych przeprowadzonych na osadach kultury pucharów lejkowatych w Trościańcu koło Mikołajowa i Otynewyczach koło Żydaczowa, lewe dorzecze górnego Dniestru
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Hawinskyj, Andrij; Pasterkiewicz, Wojciech; Rogoziński, Jakub
The sondage excavations were conducted in September 2013 at the sites in Trościaniec, „Kamienna Góra”, Mikołajów region and Otynewyczi, „Kuzhora”, Żydaczów region, the left upper basin of the Dniester (Ukraine). The result of the research in Trościańcu was the discovery of ceramic and flint remains of the Funnel Beaker culture. As for the site in Otynewyczi, there were artefacts affiliated to the Funnel Beaker culture, Mierzanowice culture as well as the items dated to the twelfth century.
Zróżnicowanie surowcowe wczesnośredniowiecznej ceramiki z Wiślicy w świetle wyników badań chemicznych
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Glińska, Nina; Młodecka, Halina
The article presents the results of the analysis of the chemical composition of selected fragments of early medieval pottery from Wiślica. Ceramics on the basis of the type of clay and the type, size, quantity and distribution of mineral admixtures was divided into five groups of raw materials. Each group was chosen after 11 samples. Chemical research aimed to verify and clarify the proposed division. Their results confirm the general outline of the earlier partition on groups. In all analyses clearly stood out I group. It is made of plastic clay that includes in its composition a significant amount of crumbled calcium carbonate. The remaining sample form two groups. On the basis of the chemical composition, you can assume that the ceramics group II and V and III of settlement is made from the clay more ductile. The ceramics of group IV and III (Regia) is made of clay less ductile as indicated by the higher content of mineral admixture and a lower value of Al2O3/SiO2.
Teliţa-Celic Dere, kompleks osadniczy z VI–II w. p.n.e. w północnej Dobrudży. Wyniki badań rumuńsko-polskiej misji archeologicznej za lata 2008–2015
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Sîrbu, Valeriu; Ştefan, Maria-Magdalena; Ştefan, Dan; Bochnak, Tomasz
In the northern Dobrogea, about 80 km from the former Greek colony Orgamé and about 20 km from the Danube river crossing, near today’s town Isaccea, close to the ford on the Celic river, there is a settlement complex Teliţa-Celic Dere, dated to the sixth - third century BC. It includes a biritual cemetery with barrows and flat graves as well as a settlement located in the immediate vicinity. Another settlement was situated at a distance of about 4 km from the ford, near the place where today there is a monastery Celic Dere. According to G. Simion (a discoverer of that site), the discussed settlement complex included also a fortified village situated on the Edirlen hill (about 2 km from the complex), on the south bank of the Celic river. The Teliţa-Celic Dere settlement complex is a complex of special significance for the northern Dobrogea, where local elements overlap i.e. the remains of the Babadag culture, the traces of the population identified with the Thracians / Getae, the Scythian impact and the impulses of the Greek colonies located at the Black Sea.
Cmentarzysko i domniemane grodzisko wczesnośredniowieczne w Walawie, pow. przemyski – próba weryfikacji
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Parczewski, Michał
In Walawa near Przemyśl J. Pasternak researched a skeletal cemetery of the eleventh – twelfth century in 1939. He also suggested the presence of a fortified settlement dated to this period. An attempt was made to locate closer that necropolis as well as to determine the level of veracity regarding the fortified settlement.
First sites of Corded Ware culture from the high part of the Bieszczady Mountains (south east Poland)
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Pelisiak, Andrzej; Maj, Zbigniew; Bajda, Łukasz
The report discusses the discovery of the Late Neolithic material coming from Bieszczady Mountains. All the sites were found on a relatively small area of Połonina Wetlińska. These finds signalize a range of innovative practices which took place in highest parts of the Bieszczady Mountains. They imply seasonal activity of Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age people in the high zone mountainous landscapes.
Bruchstücke von zwei keltischen Hohlbuckelringen aus Pakoszówka, Kr. Sanok, im Südosten Polens
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Bochnak, Tomasz; Kotowicz, Piotr N.
At the beginning of 2015, in Pakoszówka, dist. Sanok, 10 fragments of two Celtic bronze shin guards were found – female legs ornaments made of empty hemispheres. These artefacts need to be affiliated to the type BR-F3A according to J. Bujny, dated to the LT B2/C1 and LT C1a phases. Unfortunately, at present it is impossible to determine whether the items from Pakoszówka were originally a part of grave goods or a deposit of fragmented ornaments.
Brązowa bransoleta z Turkowic, pow. hrubieszowski
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
At the beginning of this century, a bronze bracelet was discovered in Turkowice near Hrubieszów. This isolated find probably comes from the younger part of the early Iron Age, as indicated by geometrical ornament covering the surface.
Materiały świderskie ze stanowiska Łąka 11–16 (pow. rzeszowski) na tle osadnictwa w Polsce południowo-wschodniej
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Bobak, Dariusz; Połtowicz-Bobak, Marta
Regarding the areas of south-eastern Poland, there are not numerous Sviderian sites, of which only a small part has been excavated. One of them has provided flint materials that was discovered during the research of a multicultural sites complex in Łąka (No. 11–16), Trzebownisko com., Rzeszów dist. Poor inventory of the Sviderian culture has only been identified in 114 artefacts, whereas the majority of remains have been found in the cluster. Characteristic is the fact that the Sviderian materials are formed almost exclusively of chocolate flint, while other raw materials (Jurassic and erratic flints) are represented by very few items. The Sviderian inventory needs to be interpreted as the remains of a short-term, inhabited once camp. These materials are a new and important point on the settlement map, which may join the collection of few sites of this culture that have been excavated.
Nowe materiały funeralne ze stanowiska 18 w Wierzawicach, pow. leżajski w ujęciu archeologicznym i antropologicznym
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Ocadryga-Tokarczyk, Ewelina; Rogóż, Joanna; Tokarczyk, Tomasz
The aim of this paper is to present new materials from Wierzawice site 18, Leżajsk County. They were discovered during the archaeological supervision carried out by the Foundation for Archaeological Centre in Rzeszów in 2014. As a result, six graves were examined. Four of them were undoubtedly cremation burials – one without an urn, the other three urned burials and presumably one skeletal burial. They are supplemented by the findings from completely damaged graves. Cremated bones were examined anthropologically. These materials should be associated with the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture and dated back to the Bronze Age and the early Iron Age.
Nowe źródła do badań nad obrządkiem pogrzebowym kultury malickiej
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Sznajdrowska, Aleksandra; Mazurek, Mirosław
The article presents 7 graves of the Malice culture discovered in the course of excavations at the site 42 in Rozbórz, com. Przeworsk. Four funeral features were directly related to residential structures, while others were located nearby dwellings. The inventory registered in the graves indicates the relationship of these features with the classical phase of the Malice culture.
Siedliska, stanowisko 10 – osada z wczesnej epoki żelaza
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Skowron, Katarzyna
Site no. 10 in Siedliska, community Lubenia, district Rzeszów, is situated near the northern border of the Dynowskie Foothills. The relics of settlement of the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture were located on the north-eastern edge of the slope and a small valley of the watercourse, which is a right side tributary of the Wisłok. In an earlier phase of the settlement there is a dominance of the south, Carpathian elements, associated with the communities representing the Post Gava model of the culture. In younger materials, strong Eastern influences of the circle of the Scythian culture are visible. It is difficult to decide whether the situation observed by us is the result of the movement of the whole population, infiltration by individual representatives of other cultures, imports, a local imitation, or perhaps reminiscence of a certain cultural patterns. The time of functioning of the settlement in Siedliska can be included in the period from the late 8th to the end of the 6th century BC.
Odeszli...
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Podgórska-Czopek, Joanna
Lusatian culture in the Lublin region – history and state of research
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Kłosińska, Elżbieta Małgorzata
The article presents the history of acquisition of sources for the research on the Lusatian culture in the Lublin region. It also names key issues arising from the state of research of available materials. Also, links with neighbouring cultural groups are stressed, and attention is drawn to the discontinuity in the development of the culture between the Bronze and Early Iron Age.
Znaleziska brązowe ze Strzegocic, pow. dębicki w zbiorach Muzeum Regionalnego w Dębicy
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Trybała-Zawiślak, Katarzyna
The article discusses two bronze artefacts (an asymmetric socketed axe and a dagger) coming from the collection of the Regional Museum in Dębica. These are loose finds without any context, discovered in the area of the gravel pit in Strzegocice. The axe corresponds typologically the specimens known as „beaked” or „East Carpathian” which are dated to a period from BD to HaA1. The dagger with two preserved holes for rivets probably should be dated to III OEB. Considering these bronze objects, an analysis of chemical composition was performed by means of the method of EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy). Similar results have been obtained for these two artefacts, and it is worth mentioning that they both present a relatively high content of tin and lead. Taking into account similar dating of the two items, as well as a very similar chemical compositions of alloys, it is possible (though only hypothetically) to assume that the axe and dagger from Strzegocice were originally an undisturbed deposit.
Cylindryczna wieża na Wzgórzu Zamkowym w Lublinie w świetle źródeł archeologicznych i architektonicznych
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Rozwałka, Andrzej
A cylindrical tower on the Castle Hill in Lublin is the only one known brick monument of the late Romanesque period in the area of the historical province of Lublin. The article presents the current views of historians and art historians about the origins and chronology of the object, indicating a small range of field research. Based on the latest archaeological research, the author attempts to clarify the dating of the tower and indicates its closest analogies.
Uwagi odnoszące się do publikacji poświęconej profesorowi Józefowi Kostrzewskiemu
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Malinowski, Tadeusz
Profesora Marka Gedla spotkania z Rzeszowem
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Czopek, Sylwester
Nowe dane o relacjach między kulturą trypolską a kulturą pucharów lejkowatych na zachodniej Ukrainie
(Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie; Instytut Archeologii UR; Fundacja Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego; Oficyna Wydawnicza „Zimowit”, 2015) Rybicka, Małgorzata; Diaczenko, Aleksander
The pulses from the Baden region, identified in the Dnieper settlements of the Trypillian culture, have been distinguished currently in the complexes of the CII phase of the Trypillian culture on the western Volhynia region, but also in the context of the Funnel Beaker culture on the upper Dniester. The research carried out on the issues indicating the relationship between the Funnel Beaker culture and the Trypillian culture shows that contacts between them were varied and also resulted in the appearance of syncretic complexes. Particular attention needs to be paid in the future to determine the chronology of these interactions and the importance of cultural changes observed in the second half of the fourth thousand BC in western Ukraine regarding the Baden factor.

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