European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.22, z. 4 (2024)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttps://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/11151

Przeglądaj

Aktualnie wyświetlane 1 - 20 z 31

Low depression scores among pet dog owners – a comparative cross-sectional study from Anuradhapura Sri Lanka
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Rathish, Devarajan; Rajapakse, Jayanthe; Weerakoon, Kosala
Introduction and aim. The role of canine companionship in psychosocial and cardiovascular health is increasingly explored. However, such studies are scarce in South Asia. Hence, we aim to compare psychosocial and cardiovascular indices between pet dog owners and age and sex-matched non-pet owners in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Material and methods. A community-based, comparative, cross-sectional study was done among 52 pet dog owners and 52 age, sex-matched non-pet owners. An allostatic load was calculated using predefined cutoffs. Chi-square (or Fisher’s exact), Mann Whitney U, and Spearman’s rho were performed (p<0.05). Results. The pet dog owners’ group had a significantly lower mean (SD) [7.8 (7.2)], and median (interquartile range) [6 (2–12.5)] depression score when compared to the non-pet owners [11.2 (8.6)], 10 (6–14.5) respectively (p=0.03). Also, the pet dog owners showed a significant negative correlation between the pet bond scale score and cortisol (r=-0.36, p=0.01). Conclusion. A significantly lower depression score in the pet dog owners’ group than in the non-pet owners’ group was observed. And, the pet bond score had a significant negative correlation with the stress hormone cortisol. Thus, pet dog ownership could improve psychosocial health and will guide towards one-health interventions and research among South Asian communities.
Relationship between adolescent smartphone use and peer attachment and nomophobia
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Molu, Birsel; Özpulat, Funda; Baş, Melike Taşdelen
Introduction and aim. Nomophobia is fear of being without a cell phone or being unable to use one. This paper investigated the effect of friendship attachment on nomophobia in adolescents. Material and methods. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in five high schools in the Central Anatolia Region of Türkiye. The sample consisted of 1033 adolescents. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Adolescent Friendship Attachment Scale, and the Nomophobia Questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using parametric tests such as One-Way ANOVA and Independent Sample t-Test, with Bonferroni tests for post-hoc comparisons. Results. The majority of participants were girls (58.3%), lived in nuclear families (76.2%). Most students used their smartphones for 2-4 hours daily (40.3%), and were active on social media (86%). The study found significant differences in phone usage time and friend attachment scores among different age groups. Women had higher friend attachment scores and nomophobia scores compared to men. Social media use was associated with higher nomophobia and friend attachment scores. Conclusion. Adolescents’ smartphone uses characteristics influence their nomophobia levels and friendship attachment styles. Professionals should plan interventions to raise adolescents’ awareness of nomophobia.
Social vulnerability and medication adherence in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Efil, Sevda; Bükrük, Ceren Mina; Özen, Ebru
Introduction and aim. The association between social vulnerability and medication adherence in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is unclear. The aim of this study was to show the correlation of social vulnerability and medication adherence in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Material and methods. Data collection was conducted by face to face interview in November 2022 and May 2023. Social vulnerability and medication adherence were evaluated using the Social Vulnerability Scale and the Medication Adherence Report Scale respectively. Results. The mean scores of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for social vulnerability and medication adherence were 20.02±6.69 and 22.76±3.29 respectively. Levels of social vulnerability varied according to comorbidity, hypertension, heart failure, visit to emergency service in the last three months due to COPD exacerbation, and using herbal products instead of medication (p<0.05). Mean scores for medication adherence were lower in women, never smokers, and those who used herbal products instead of medication (p<0.05). Conclusion. Having a higher level of social vulnerability is associated with worse medication adherence (r=-0.31, p<0.01). Individuals using herbal products are found to be at risk for social vulnerability and non-adherence to medication (p<0.05).
Effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on lipid profile and renal indices in rat model of drug induced renal injury
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Sonuga, Ayobola A.; Adeyanju, Motunrayo M.; Ladokun, Olusola A.; Sonuga, Oyebola O.
Introduction and aim. Renal injury is associated with decreased renal function, hypovitaminosis D, deranged calcium-phos phate metabolism and dyslipidemia, thus increasing risk for chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases. However, re ports on the effects of vitamin D on drug induced renal injury are few. The aim was to investigate the possible role of vitamin D supplementation in reversing deranged lipid profile and renal function post drug induced renal injury. Material and methods. Wister male rats (36) were randomly divided into group 1, 2 and 3 (n=12). Single dose of Adriamycin was given to all except group 1(control) to induce renal injury. Group 2 left untreated, group 3 given vitamin D3 for 28 days. Serum urea, creatinine, total protein, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-C, HDL, apolipoprotein (Apo) A and B were measured. C-reactive protein (CRP) and nitric oxide were assessed in kidney homogenate. Results. Vitamin D3 significantly brought down levels of serum creatinine, TC, LDL CRP, nitric oxide and increased the levels of Apo A, albumin, HDL. Serum urea, TG and Apo B in group 3 were not significantly different after vitamin D3 administration. His tological examination revealed improvement in glomerular messangialisation. Conclusion. Vitamin D3 may improve renal health, through its positive impact on dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress in drug induced renal injury.
Trends of in-hospital maternal mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Morocco – analysis of a time series from 2016–2022
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Oumbarek, Keltouma; Razine, Rachid; Lkoul, Abdelmajid; Mahlaq, Safiya; El Hilali, Samia; Lahlou, Laila; Baba, Mohamed Amine; Kharbach, Ahmed; Obtel, Majdouline
Introduction and aim. The aim of this study was to compare trends of in-hospital maternal mortality in southern Morocco be fore and after the COVID-19 pandemic emerged in the Kingdom in March 2020. Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective study of a time series of hospital maternal deaths from January 2016 to December 2022. Data were collected from maternal death registers and monthly reports from maternity departments of six public hospitals in Souss Massa region (one regional and five provincial hospitals). Results. 216 maternal deaths occurred during the study period, 112 before and 104 during the pandemic. The highest annual maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was observed in 2021 (207.41 deaths/100,000 live births). Trends of monthly MMR showed a significant increase during the pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period (p=0.002). Furthermore, an extremely high MMR value (977.57/100,000 live births) was noted in August 2021 (the Delta wave). There was a significant difference in the distribution of causes of maternal death. Proportion of indirect causes were tripled during the pandemic (from 8% to 24%), with 17/104 (16.3%) deaths related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Conclusion. In-hospital MMR increased in public hospitals of the Souss Massa region during the COVID-19 pandemic, particu larly in the third quarter of 2021.
Semaglutide – a long – awaited cure for obesity or an elusive treatment?
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Oleksak, Izabela; Maliszewska, Karolina; Szawłoga, Tomasz; Welian-Polus, Iwona; Wilanowska, Wiktoria; Babkiewicz-Jahn, Kamila; Matuszewska, Justyna; Szymańska, Adrianna
Introduction and aim. Obesity is a challenging disease that affects various organs and cannot be easily treated. Therefore, the discovery that taking semaglutide results in weight loss caused great excitement amongst patients and medical professionals. The aim of this literature review is to explore the benefits and dangers of semaglutide and its effectiveness in treating obesity. Material and methods. Review of articles published in PubMed since 2017 until first quarter of 2024. Analysis of literature. Obesity is an increasing problem of the world population. There are different approaches in obesity treatment. Semaglutide seems effective in treating diabetes, as well as conditions that emerge from long-lasting obesity. It showed positive influence regarding diabetic neuropathy, cardiovascular risk and more. It is important to remember about possible adverse events. The most prominent are gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. New reports show complications with simultaneous use of anesthesia or coexisting depression. Larger studies on semaglutiderelated side effects will be published in 2025 and in 2026. Conclusion. Semaglutide is an anti-diabetic drug showing promising effects in treating diabetes and in alleviating conditions caused by obesity. It is worth remembering that its side effects have not yet been fully investigated.
Improving sleep quality among ICCU patients – evaluating the effectiveness of ear plug and eye mask interventions
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Waladani, Barkah; Utami, Wuri; Ernawati; Suwaryo, Putra Agina Widyaswara
Introduction and aim. Sleep quality is crucial for patient recovery, particularly in critical care settings such as the Intensive Cardiac Care Unit (ICCU). This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using eye masks and earplugs in improving sleep quality among ICCU patients. Material and methods. A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a one-group without control design. A total of 40 ICCU patients were provided with eye masks and earplugs for a minimum duration of three days. Sleep quality was assessed using the Richard Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RSCQ) before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results. The use of eye masks and earplugs significantly improved sleep quality among ICCU patients (p<0.05). There was a notable increase in sleep duration, reduction in sleep onset latency, and improvement in sleep efficiency following the intervention. These findings support the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions in enhancing sleep quality in critical care settings. Conclusion. The findings highlight the importance of incorporating simple interventions such as eye masks and earplugs into routine care practices in ICCUs to improve patients’ sleep quality.
The relationship between the consumption of traditional Turkish brewing style coffee and other brewing style coffee and HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Tatar, Rumeysa Önal; Koç, Esra Meltem
Introduction and aim. To investigate the relationship between the consumption of traditional Turkish brewing style coffee and other brewing style coffee and hemoglobin A1c:glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Material and methods. One hundred fifty patients were included in the study. The research sample was obtained from a family health center that called İzmir Karşıyaka 16 -Family Health Center in İzmir-Türkiye. Sociodemographic characteristics, medications, diet, nutritional status, self-reported health status, and consumption of Turkish and other coffee consumption style and other beverages of the patients were recorded. HbA1c, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, total cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose levels in the previous year were obtained from medical records. All patients had their HbA1c readings taken on quarterly basis. In addition, routine blood tests, including HbA1c measurements, were conducted every six months as part of the regular follow up at the family health center. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to evaluate the daily physical activities of the patients. Results. The median HbA1c value of the group taking oral antidiabetic drugs was significantly lower than the median HbA1c value of the group using insulin (p=0.012). There was no significant difference in HbA1c levels regarding missing a meal, drinking coffee (sugar-free or not), and physical activity (p>0.05). Correlation analysis showed a significant weak relationship between the amount of Turkish coffee consumption per week and fasting blood glucose level (p=0.041, r=-0.088). There was a negative weak and significant relationship (p<0.05) between HbA1c levels and the amount of Turkish coffee consumption per week (p=0.014). In the exponential regression model, coffee consumption per week explained the HbA1c level in proportion to 2.9% (F=4.386; p=0.038). Conclusion. Consumption of Turkish coffee was inversely correlated with fasting glucose and HbA1c levels. Future studies are needed to determine the effect of coffee in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Tryptophan reduces the degree of brown adipose tissue whitening in rats with visceral obesity
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Yanko, Roman; Levashov, Mikhail; Safonov, Sergey
Introduction and aim. The relationship between brown adipose tissue (BAT) and visceral obesity (VO) is a topic of growing interest in scientific and medical research. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of L-tryptophan on histomorpho logical abnormalities in BAT induced by a high calorie diet (HCD). Material and methods. The study was performed on male Wistar rats 3 months of age. Control rats (group I) were fed a stan dard diet. VO in animals (groups II and III) was modelled by exposure to an HCD (45% fat and 31% carbohydrates) for 12 weeks. The rats in group III were also given L-tryptophan (80 mg/kg). Histological preparations were prepared from the interscapular bodies of the BAT. Indicators of lipid metabolism, oxygen consumption, subcutaneous oxygen tension and basal temperature were measured in the rats. Results. It was found that the group of rats on HCD lead to the development of VO, and histomorphological changes occur in BAT indicating a decrease in its activity. Supplementation with L-tryptophan reduced the structural abnormalities in BAT, name ly the accumulation of fat, the whitening of brown adipocytes, and prevented excessive loss of activity due to the deleterious effects of HCD. Conclusion. Supplementation with L-tryptophan may have a potential benefit in preventing the development of excessive VO by preserving BAT activity.
Doctoral dissertations in nursing – research protocols in a multicenter comparative study
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Teixeira-Santos, Luísa; Cerveny, Martin; Collins, Daniela; Nagórska, Małgorzata; Patel, Harshida; Shao, Joy; Sihvola, Saija; Simoes, Angela; Warshawski, Sigalit; Luiking, Marie-Louise
Introduction and aim. Nursing doctoral research is vital for advancing the field, improving patient care, and addressing complex healthcare challenges. It contributes to evidence-based practices, innovative interventions, and the development of skilled nurse researchers and leaders, shaping the future of healthcare through enhanced knowledge and informed policy decisions. This scoping review aims to map the landscape of PhD dissertations in the nursing domain. Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will consider doctoral studies in nursing domain published in Dutch, English, Finnish, Hebrew, Portuguese, Polish, Slovak, Swedish, published between 2020–2023. Material and methods. The search strategy was to find published literature in the following electronic databases: CINHAL, PubMed, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, and ERIC. Additionally, national repositories of several countries was explored, and contact established with universities represented by the members of this research team. The screening process entailed two steps carried out by two independent reviewers: firstly, screening by title and abstract and secondarily by full text. Data describes the literature according to the review research questions that were defined following the PPC mnemonic. Data will be presented graphically when possible and accompanied by a narrative that describes the Ph.D. dissertation characteristics. Conclusion. Identifying areas of research in nursing contributes to the development of nursing as a science.
Perceived COVID-19 anxiety, fear and depression levels among university students during the decreased restrictions of COVID-19 pandemic
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Baş, Kazim
Introduction and aim. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted human life. It is observed that a significant group affected by this situation are university students. Evaluating the psychological states of students during the transition to normal life from the pandemic period is important. This study was conducted to examine the perceived levels of COVID-19 anxiety, fear, and depression among university students during the descreased restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1170 university students. The data were collected using “the Introductory Information Form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale – Short Form, and the Depression Scale. Results. It was observed that there was a difference between gender, class, education level, income level, having had COVID-19, and having a deceased relative due to COVID-19 and perceived COVID-19 anxiety and fear and depression levels among university students (p<0.05). Conclusion. During the COVID-19 pandemic, although restrictions have been lifted, students still experience moderate levels of COVID-19 anxiety, fear, and depression. Therefore, considering the factors that affect university students’ mental state, there is a need for services that support students’ mental well-being.
A rare case of hypertrophic olivary degeneration in a patient with pontine hemorrhage
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Mamytova, Elmira; Biialieva, Gulmira; Akulich, Evgeniya; Abaeva, Tamara; Monolov, Nurbek; Satybaldiev, Masalbek; Chekirbaeva, Nursulu; Batyrov, Maksatbek
Introduction and aim. Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is an extremely rare disease that affects the inferior olivary nucleus (ION) in the medulla oblongata and is also referred to as hypertrophic degeneration of the inferior olives. This type of degeneration is characterized by trans-synaptic degeneration resulting from the blocking of afferent impulses in the ION, which is distinct from HOD. In this report, we present a clinical case of bilateral HOD that was identified and confirmed by neuroimaging two months after pontine hemorrhage. Description of the case. A 52-year-old male was admitted to a university hospital because of gait imbalance, difficulty in swallowing and speaking, psychomotor agitation, visual hallucinations, and full vertical and horizontal gaze paralysis. He had a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. The patient received symptomatic supportive treatment, without surgery. Ten weeks after the vascular incident, neurological examination revealed six cases of right cranial nerve palsy, vertical pendular nystagmus, dysarthria, decreased throat reflexes, and lingual and pharyngeal paresthesia. Repeated magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral hyperintense foci of 15×6 mm in the medulla oblongata, as detected by T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery. Two months of treatment with clonazepam, carbamazepine, and vestibular exercise resulted in no positive changes. Rehabilitation and psychotherapy were then continued. Conclusion. Contrast MRI is required to confirm HOD, whereas non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging is the only method used for imaging and is not always reliable because it can cause neoplasia, infarction, demyelinating disorders, infections, and other similar problems.
Effect of sensory retraining program on latency, amplitude and conduction velocity of sensory nerves of lower limb in type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Maruboyina, Sowjanya; Attry, Sanjeev; Kumari, B. Kusuma; Reddy, K. Eswar; Perakam, Sravanthi
Introduction and aim. India is known as the world’s diabetes capital. Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes, and if not managed properly, leads to diabetic foot complications like ulcers and amputations. Physiotherapy interventions addressing these complications are very limited. Hence, this study was performed to access to what extent a sensory retraining program affects the latency, amplitude, and conduction velocity of the sural nerve in lower limbs. The study aims to improve the nerve conduction velocity of the sural nerve in diabetic neuropathy with a sensory retraining program. Material and methods. One-hundred individuals who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated into 2 groups. The control group had received routine medical care. The experimental group individuals were managed with a sensory retraining program 5 days a week for 16 weeks. Latency, amplitude, and conduction velocity values were recorded before and after the study. Results. Results conclude that the sensory retraining program is effective in decreasing the latency and improving conduction velocity. It did not have any effect on the amplitude. Conclusion. Hence, we conclude that a sensory retraining program can be incorporated into routine physical therapy intervention in subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Congenital epulis in a newborn – a case report in Benin City, Nigeria
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Oriaifo, Sylvester; Eweka, Osasere Andrew; Atoe, Kenneth
Introduction and aim. Congenital epulis is a rare benign tumor that affects the oral cavity of newborns which typically presents as a solitary mass on the maxillary alveolar bridge at birth, with a predilection for the female gender. The rarity of congenital epulis is underscored by the limited number of reported cases in the literature, as evidenced by the infrequent occurrence of this condition in newborns. Description of the case. This case report presents a rare case of congenital epulis, a benign gingival tumor in a newborn. The report includes a brief literature review to provide insights into the clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and management of congenital epulis. Conclusion. This case contributes to the current knowledge regarding rarity of occurrence and emphasizes the need for reporting, early intervention and multidisciplinary collaboration in effective management.
Neonatal lupus in an infant with maternal history of Jessner’s lymphocytic infiltrate
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Katakam, Bhumesh Kumar; Dhabal, Arunima; Gurram, Narsimha Rao Netha; Chintagunta, Sudharani
Introduction and aim. Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is a rare autoimmune condition occurring in infants born to mothers with circulating antinuclear autoantibodies, particularly anti-Ro and anti-La. It presents with a characteristic cutaneous rash, which may be accompanied by systemic manifestations. The condition is mostly self-limited, although congenital heart block, if present, is irreversible. We report a rare case of cutaneous NLE in an infant of a mother with a prior history of Jessner’s lymphocytic infiltration of skin (JLIS), which is arguably a variant of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE). Description of the case. This report concerns an infant presenting with cutaneous manifestations of NLE, without any systemic involvement. The mother was asymptomatic, but had been previously diagnosed with JLIS. The diagnosis of NLE was made based on serological results from both the infantile and maternal blood. Conservative management was sufficient to achieve complete resolution. Conclusion. The case underscores the importance of considering NLE in infants presenting with annular rash, even in asymptomatic mothers with no known rheumatic disease. It also suggests that JLIS may belong to the same spectrum as LE, rather than being a separate entity. This warrants careful prenatal monitoring in mothers with a concurrent or prior diagnosis of JLIS.
Forensic aspects of salbutamol overdose – doping, abuse, and suicide
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Kycler, Maciej; Rzepczyk, Szymon; Teżyk, Artur; Żaba, Czesław
Introduction and aim. Salbutamol is a popular drug used in respiratory diseases. With the increasing prevalence of the use of this substance for therapeutic purposes and its availability on the market, the frequency of its use for other purposes has also risen due to its effects outside the respiratory system. The aim of the study was to investigate the medico-legal aspects of salbutamol. Material and methods. Medical literature databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched. The search was carried out in accordance with the specified purpose of the keyword research using Boolean operators. Analysis of the literature. In sports, the use of salbutamol is strictly regulated by anti-doping regulations. Recreational substance abuse and accidental overdoses, mainly among children and the elderly, are also important. Rare cases of suicide attempts associated with the use of salbutamol have also been reported. Conclusion. Salbutamol overdoses are usually not life threatening. However, one should remember about the possibility of accidental overdose, especially among the elderly and children taking the drug chronically. Currently, the use of salbutamol for recreational purposes is rare. In sports, the status of salbutamol use, especially among athletes who do not require its use for therapeutic reasons, is still a controversial issue.
Growth differentiation factor 15 – a review of current literature on biological roles and clinical significance
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Rzemieniewski, Bartosz; Kasztelan, Aleksandra; Poboży, Kamil; Domańska-Poboża, Julia
Introduction and aim. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, plays crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes including inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell repair, growth, metabolic regulation, and immune response. This review aims to discuss the biological roles and clinical significance of GDF15 and to analyze its impact across different medical fields such as cardiology, oncology, neurology, gynecology, and areas related to aging and metabolic disorders. Material and methods. A review was constructed through a literature search on PubMed and Google Scholar databases, focusing on studies from 2014 to 2024, using relevant keywords. Analysis of the literature. Recent research highlights GDF15’s potential as a biomarker in cardiovascular diseases, its role in cancer progression and resistance to therapies, and its significance in metabolic regulation affecting conditions like obesity, diabetes, and cachexia. Emerging research also points to its role in aging, mitochondrial diseases, and systemic conditions such as sepsis, liver, and lung disorders. Conclusion. GDF15’s involvement in multiple pathological states and its broad impact across various medical disciplines underline its potential for future clinical applications. Understanding GDF15’s complex roles could lead to novel therapeutic strategies and enhance prognostic assessments in diverse medical fields.
Zn and Se supplementation abrogated metals-(metaloids) mixture mediated ocular-thymus toxicity via modulation of oxido-inflammatory and antiapoptotic mechanisms in female Sprague Dawley rats
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Antia, Mfoniso; Ezejiofor, Anthonet N.; Orish, Chinna N.; Ugwu, Theresa; Cirovic, Ana; Cirovic, Aleksandar; Ajibo, Doris N.; Orisakwe, Orish E.
Introduction and aim. This is an evaluation of the protective effects of Zn and Se in the eye and thymus of rats exposed to cock tail noxious metal mixtures (CNMM) (Al, Pb, Hg and Mn) in ameliorating ocular pathologies due to autoimmunity. Material and methods. Female Sprague rats were grouped into eight (n=5) and orally exposed to various treatments for a period of 60 days: (1): the control group receive deionized water only; (2): the CNMM only group received lead acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2 (20 mg/kg), AlCl3 (35 mg/kg), HgCl2 (0.40 mg/kg) and MnCl2 (0.56 mg/kg); (3) received CNMM+ZnCl2, 0.80 mg/kg; (4) received CNMM+Na2SeO3, 1.50 mg/kg; (5) received CNMM+ZnCl2, 0.80 mg/kg and Na2SeO3, 1.50 mg/kg combination. Oxidative stress markers, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and caspase-3 and histopathological changes were determined. Results. CNMM decreased antioxidants levels but increased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentrations. CNMM in creased levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2- related factor 2, and nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha and caspase-3. There was moderate retinal degeneration and total cell loss at the ganglionic cell layer in the eye; severe degenerative thymus, lymphocyte depletion and multifocal necrosis in CNMM only. Conclusion. Supplementation with Zn and Se reduced the biochemical and histopathological changes in the eye and thymus in response to CNMM exposure.
Composite index of anthropometric failure and conventional anthropometric indices of undernutrition among children in India – a systematic review and meta-analysis
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Roy, Soumyajit Singha; Mondal, Nitish
Introduction and aim. The high prevalence of childhood undernutrition continues to be a major public health issue in India. This systematic and meta-analysis study employed both the composite index of anthropometric failures (CIAF) and conventional to determine the magnitude of undernutrition in Indian children. Material and methods. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from 2005 to June 2023 using electronic databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, J-Gate, and ScienceDirect. A random-effects model for pooled prevalence rates was generated and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index and Q statistics. Analysis of the literature. CIAF revealed a higher prevalence of undernutrition than conventional anthropometric indices in children aged 0 to 72 months. The combined prevalence of stunting and underweight was 37% (95%CI: 0.32-0.41), and wasting was 22% (95%CI: 0.18-0.25) (p<0.01). However, according to CIAF categorization, the pooled prevalence of undernourishment was reported to be 55% (95% CI:0.50-0.60; p<0.01). CIAF’s higher prevalence highlights its effectiveness in capturing childhood undernutrition, accounting for children with multiple concurrent nutritional deficiencies in population. Conclusion. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the assessment of undernutrition using conventional anthropometric indices compared with CIAF, which aggregate different aspects of undernutrition, especially when children have multiple undernutrition issues. Appropriate, target-specific interventions are necessary to improve the overall nutritional status of Indian children.
Assessment of the quality of life in type 2 diabetes patients – a comparative study of WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL instruments
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Asti, Arnika Dwi; Sarwono; Kinwati; Suwaryo, Putra Agina Widyaswara
Introduction and aim. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent health issue that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. Evaluating quality of life in T2DM patients is crucial for understanding the broader effects of the disease and improving patient care. This study aims to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL instruments in measuring the quality of life of T2DM patients. Material and methods. A descriptive quantitative study was conducted from March to June 2023 at Puskesmas Wanadadi 1 Banjarnegara. The sample consisted of 195 T2DM patients selected using purposive sampling based on the following inclusion criteria: diagnosed with T2DM for at least one year, aged 30-70 years, willing to participate, and able to complete the questionnaires. Data were collected using the WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL questionnaires and analyzed descriptively. Results. The analysis revealed that the WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL instruments provided comprehensive insights into the quality of life of T2DM patients. The WHOQOL-BREF was particularly effective in assessing physical and environmental domains (p<0.05), while the DQOL was more sensitive to diabetes-specific concerns and psychological well-being (p<0.05). Conclusion. Both the WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL are effective in evaluating the quality of life of T2DM patients, each offering unique strengths in different domains. The findings suggest that a combined use of these instruments could provide a more holistic understanding of the quality of life impacts in T2DM patients, guiding more targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes.

Przeglądaj

Przeglądanie European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.22, z. 4 (2024) według Data wydania