Tematy i Konteksty 3(8) 2013

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttp://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/416

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Czy można zapomnieć o poetyce? W badaniach nad literaturą dawną
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Koehler, Krzysztof
The author of the article discusses the very act of reading and understanding of the classic texts. He points to the inaccurate (and, in his opinion, threatening the integrity and intentionality of messages) strategies of reading the old literature based on methods proposed by the modern methodologies. The author postulates insufficiency of such an approach, referring to the words of Alsdair MacIntyre, who emphasised the historical thought in the field of the history of ideas, and to the words of Quentin Skinner, who suggested contextualising the message by analysing the intentions and motivations behind the literary work. By referring to the researchers, the author promotes poetics as one of the tools which serve to understand the intentionality of speech acts and messages of the former ages. At the same time, the author provides examples showing the application of historical poetics in the process of comprehending old Polish texts.
От поэтики А. Потебни к теории интертекстуальности
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Дзык, Роман
The article analyses the relation of O. Potebnya’s concepts to the theory of intertextuality. The attention to the peculiar interpretation of the notion of “poetic language” by the Russian formalists and their successors, as well as to the development of the dialogical nature of the word and the text, according to M. Bakhtin, reconstructs the genetic connection between the above theoretical systems. The consonance of Potebnya’s ideas with the modern theory is explained by typological convergence. At the same time, the article discusses the productive perspective of the appeal of Potebnya’s ideas in the light of the new literary methodology.
Literatura. Nieszczęśliwy polonista i płynna nowoczesność
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Kalandyk, Mariusz
The main thesis of the article is the conviction that the efficiency of Polish teachers’ influence on their students depends on several factors, including the following: restoring the readers’ commitment by making literature classes more attractive, enriching teaching styles during Polish classes, introducing new theoretical literary ideas into the school practice and creating a dictionary of intersemiotic poetics. The author presents the state of readership in Poland as a starting point for finding the reasons for the crisis of Polish teaching at school. Moreover, he shows various social, cultural and civilisational contexts which have changed the position of the Polish language classes in the hierarchy of importance of school subjects. However, the main issue here is the problem of the effective use of various theoretical literary interpretations in order to increase the attractiveness of reading the books from the obligatory reading list, as well as other cultural texts. It seems particularly relevant to convince teachers of the importance of their theoretical and methodological competences, allowing for the new styles of reading in the pedagogical practice. The article outlines selected directions of research and their possible pedagogical applicability. It also emphasises that in the “No Reading Age” it is essential to look for the forms which may facilitate the comprehension of belles-lettres and create a universal language of terms to describe the nature of numerous artistic phenomena (prose, poetry, films, paintings, etc.). Moreover, the article presents the advantages of new core curriculum, in which textocentrism becomes the main didactic directive.
Konferencja naukowa “Zesłania i powroty. Twórczość Józefa Bujnowskiego”
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Luboń, Arkadiusz
The text includes a report from a scientific conference “Exiles and Returns. Józef Bujnowski’s Oeuvre”, which took place on October 23-24, 2013 at the University of Rzeszów Institute of Polish Philology.
Poetyka – estetyka – metafizyka
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Gadamska-Serafin, Renata
The modern era has developed poetics very different from Plato’s philosophy of objective beauty and generally inconsistent with or at least indifferent to metaphysics (Baumgarten, Kant). Also romanticists, especially those whose theoretical and literary thought followed the German idealism, were often detached from metaphysical ground (in its proper sense). The natural consequence of choosing this particular way of thinking in the modern paradigm in the 20th century has been the postmodern polyphony in literary theory. A separate and a very mature attitude regarding the form of poetics and its theoretical considerations has been adopted by the author of "Rzecz o wolności słowa" ("About the Freedom of the Word"), who referred to the metaphysical category of "mimesis" (closely linked to his concept of man – "imago Dei") and returned to the concept of objective beauty ("Promethidion"), thus radically overcoming the weakness of modern poetics.
Poetyka i ludologia: badania literackie a studia nad grami
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Luboń, Arkadiusz
One of the current types of discourse produced by the representatives of various academic disciplines in Poland and abroad serves the purpose of isolating from among the many branches of the humanities a separate interdisciplinary field of research on the games and plays present in our culture. The need for forming a separate domain of studies focused on such an extensive range of interests and competences was postulated first by the researchers of audiovisual programs who noticed the semiotic and communicative nature of computer games, which inspired them to resort to analytical procedures and concepts of literary origin too. The purpose of the article is to show the transformations in the evolution of poetics which have made it a discipline perfectly applicable to the study of the textual and “literary” aspects of multimedia games and, in consequence, has resulted in its status of one of the essential components of the methodological tools of the fledgling academic discipline in question.
Poetyka jako chwyt
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Ślósarska, Joanna
The article refers to the discussion on the status of poetics, initiated by Dorota Korwin-Piotrowska in her book titled "Poetyka. Przewodnik po świecie tekstów" (2011) ("Poetics. A Guidebook to the World of Texts"). It goes without saying that Poetics is currently an interdisciplinary field combining such areas as cultural anthropology, philosophy, gender studies, the history of ideas, sociology, linguistics, rhetoric, psychology, cognitive studies and semiotics. The author emphasises the problem of “dispute”, as well as “transversality” between - perceiving texts as subjects or objects; - the notion of a masterpiece and the notion of text (which implies suspending the category of aestethics); - literary and colloquial language; imagination and empiricism; - knowledge and experience; - knowledge about culture and knowledge in culture; - science and literature. Referring to the formalist notion of “device”, the author points to the contemporary attempts to combine various conceptual apparatuses and procedures as conceptual analytical and interpretative figures.
Poetyka trzecia
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Madejski, Jerzy
The author of this article presents the new publication issued by Ryszard Nycz, "Poetyka doświadczenia" ("Poetics of Experience", Warsaw 2012) in the context of this researcher’s previous works. "Sylwy współczesne" ("Contemporary Silva Rerum", Wrocław 1984) is considered to be the first poetics. It is an attempt to depict the phenomena in the Polish literature of the 1960s and 1970s, which were largely affected by the aesthetics of the early Modernism. The second poetics is the volume "Literatura jako trop rzeczywistości" ("Literature as a Trope of Reality", Kraków 2002), which is a description of the modern literature (from the middle 19th century to the end of the 20th century). "Poetics of Experience" constitutes the third poetics, and - at the same time - it is the poetics of both the modern literature and the modern written works. It is also humanistic poetics since it is culture-oriented and since it singles out a humanistic text from all other written works.
Ideał szczęścia rodzinnego w powieści „Szczęście rodzinne” Lwa N. Tołstoja
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Repoň, Anton
"Family Happiness" by Lev Tolstoy is an honest confession of a woman who, despite being beautiful and married, having children, a comfortable apartment, etc., feels the lack of something in her life. Tolstoy undertakes a profound analysis of the factors determining the relations between women and men, as well as the reasons for suppressing the love between them. He seeks for the reasons, the wrongdoers and the ways of rescuing marriages. In his work, Tolstoy in a literary form outlines a classification of marital relations and answers almost all the questions which have bothered mankind. In his view, the recipe for family happiness is simple: "We all – but, first of all, you women – have to personally experience the meaningless of life in order to return to its basis", and then: "a new sense of love for the children and the father of your children lays the foundations for another, totally different, happy life". Generally, the novel "Family Happiness" constitutes the end of Tolstoy’s ideological and artistic search period, when he tried to escape from a social muddle and find a rescue in art, nature and the management of his property. Apart from the intriguing plot, the novel provides an outline of the psychological and moral aspects of married life. Many readers will be interested in them, some will be outraged and unable to come to terms with the author, but, definitely, no one will remain indifferent.
"Wir sind alle mehr oder weniger in Galizien geboren"
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Inglot, Mieczysław
The study provides a comprehensive overview of Larry Wolff’s monograph "The Idea of Galicia. History and Fantasy in Habsburg Political Culture" (Stanford University Press, Stanford, California 2010, pp. 486). The reviewed publication shows the problem of the formation of Galician awareness in the province of Austro-Hungarian Empire existing for 146 years, which was described as Galicia. The author of the work presents the various stages of the formation of ‘Galicia’s idea’, referring to the Polish, Ukrainian, Jewish and German-Austrian aspects of political, social, economic and cultural history of the region. The author does not evaluate individual narratives, treats them as equivalent cognitively, yet thoroughly discusses both extensive and minor texts on the basis of their thematic link with Galicia. The basic thesis of the book is the belief about the creation of a kind of ‘Galician nation’ that is common for residents of the region of collective multiethnic and multicultural identity based on the pattern of a Galician as a citizen fully identifying himself with his ‘private homeland’. Wolff’s monograph is a multilateral and interdisciplinary synthesis of borderline political history and cultural history, impressive because of its dimensions of research areas covered by the author.
Profesor Andrzej Busza laureatem Nagrody Literackiej Stowarzyszenia Pisarzy Polskich za Granicą za rok 2013
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Pasterska, Jolanta
The text informs about Professor Andrzej Busza awarded the 2013 Literary Award of the Association of Polish Writers Abroad.
Poetyka i doświadczenie ekstremalne: o retoryce w pisaniu o GUŁagu
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Gall, Alfred
This article examines the possibility of using concepts from the scope of poetics and rhetoric for the purpose of description of a literary text which deals with labour camp experience. The book "Day and Night" by Leo Lipski may serve as an example to bring out a similar perspective which has no essentialist presumptions but rather presumes that such concepts as, i.e. laconism and parataxis are useful to describe the properties of a text which, in turn, is a result of a specific mode of reading. Consequently, the process of the text being revealed can be described on the basis of selected concepts from the tradition of poetics and rhetoric. As a result, it appears that concepts from the scope of poetics and rhetoric – at least partly and on the basis of specific terms – do not belong to the past but still can be applied in the analysis of texts as well as in literary communication.
Nowa słowacka praca o Iwanie Turgieniewie
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Prus, Kazimierz
The review of "Umelecke zobrazenie ĉloveka v romanovom svete I. S. Turgeneva" (Banska Bystrica 2011) by Anton Repoň, a Slovak specialist in Russian studies, deals with the poetics of Turgenev’s novel. The author concentrates on the depiction of characters. To this end, he proposes his own typology of characters, provides a number of penetrating remarks on the specific traits of Turgenev’s realism and tracks the aesthetic reception of his oeuvre by Russian symbolists. There is no denying of author’s diligence, and his contribution to the research into the legacy of the greatest romantic among the Russian realists should be appreciated.
Biograficzne puzzle. Czytając „Emigracje intymne” Agnieszki Nęckiej
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Luboń, Arkadiusz
The article discusses the role the dissertation entitled "Intimate Emigrations. On the contemporary Polish biographic narrations" by Agnieszka Nęcka plays in the newest literary research on the issue of postmodernism in novel reconstructions of emigrant authors identities. The research proposed by Nęcka is composed by eight critical sketches on the prose of Zygmunt Haupt, Zbigniew Kruszyński, Manuela Gretkowska, Artur Leczycki, and referred to in comparative contexts of the quasi-autobiographic works by Mikołaj Łoziński, Tomasz Piątek, Magdalena Tulli and Michał Witkowski. These are not merely the profiles of the writers whose works still require a more profound reflection, but also the issue presented in the meaningful title – "Intimate Emigrations" – which permits multi-faceted and varied cultural contexts for the interpretation of their writings. From a narrower perspective, Nęcka’s dissertation constitutes a case study of a prose writer, who – in accordance with the rule of self-placement in the work – creates autobiographies based on the redefinition of the traditional patterns applied as a point of reference for the description of various models of “an exile’s” identity. From a wider perspective, the cases offered in the "Intimate Emigrations" illustrate the internal cultural mechanisms of denial and transformation of modernism, as well as indicate the difficulty in rejecting the heritage, which continues to be present in the contemporary works of postmodernist writers.
Strony tytułowe
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013)
Konceptualizacja w procesie interpretacji wersologicznej (na przykładzie „Majowych wojen” Marcina Świetlickiego)
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Mastalski, Arkadiusz Sylwester
The text below is an attempt to reconsider the categories of interpretation within versological research. On the basis of the assumptions of literary constructionism, cognitive sciences and pragmatic philosophy, an endeavour is made to show the functioning of versification interpretation understood not as the realisation of standard reading paths postulated by the text and not as the reconstruction of "intentio auctoris" but as the reader’s creative activity inherently related to the individual, (auto)biographical reading experience and the autopoietic (from the constructionist point of view) process of meaning construction. By way of the example of the concept of syllabotonism an attempt is made to show the importance of personal experience and encyclopaedic (i.e. non-linguistic) knowledge in the process of literary interpretation, as well as the conceptual and constructivist nature of such versification “constants” as verse, meter, etc.
Pasjans na dwóch
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Pasterska, Jolanta
The monograph entitled "A New York Solitaire. The Polish Institute of Arts and Science of America. Jan Lechoń. Kazimierz Wierzyński. A Study of Selected Aspects of Its Activity in the Period 1939-1969" by Beata Dorosz is the outcome of a long-term study and laborious preliminary research which document the earliest years of the activity of the Polish Institute of Arts and Science of America and its two major personalities – Jan Lechoń and Kazimierz Wierzyński. Although the book is characterized by a documentary nature and is archive-oriented, full of dates, facts, lists and names, the author has managed to attract the readers’ attention by her lively narration, witty comments, titbits and anecdotes. Due to these, the readers are not only provided with reliable information on the activity of the Institute, but are also introduced to the atmosphere which accompanied the artistic and cultural life of the Polish community in America. Social reshuffling, personal animosities, diplomatic efforts, open quarrels and, finally, the ideas for the ‘dollar whip-rounds’, or generous donations for Polish artists-refugees, complement the colourful story about the people and organizations in emigration. At the same time, a specialist in literature will find here much quality information which illustrates the critical and scientific activity of Lechoń and Wierzyński. Liberally quoted reviews, discussions and lectures confirm their dynamic activity on the account of Polish culture. In fact, the compendium offered by Beata Dorosz delimits new directions of the research into the emigration milieu (and not only) of New York, and provides valuable contexts, in which the interpretation of Jan Lechoń’s and Kazimierz Wierzyński’s works reveal additional meanings.
Poetyka w liceum… Zstąpmy na ziemię!
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Matusiak, Barbara
The article analyses the results of the surveys conducted among teachers and students concerning the scope and the form of the application of poetics in upper secondary schools. It also presents an evaluation of the usefulness of this field of education in school practice, both with regard to the core curriculum and to the examination standards in force during the General Secondary Education Exam in Polish. The article also addresses the questions of the extent to which school teaches poetics for the purpose of good grades at the above-mentioned exam, and the extent of the actual need to discuss the artistic organisation of a literary work with students.
Kilka uwag o komunikacyjnych aspektach ironii w poezji Stanisława Barańczaka
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Dźwinel, Kamil
Stanisław Barańczak’s poems share one common feature, that is their exquisitely well-thought and refined construction. The lyrical subject of Barańczak’s poetry is shaped by the application of ironic devices. It is irony that allows to create a "protective zone" by which the poet encircles the most complicated issues connected with the understanding of people (in a poetic, but also in a philosophical sense). On the basis of selected examples, the article presents some communicative aspects of the poetic discourse of irony. A poet aware of his own technique (he was also a literary researcher), Barańczak was seeking for a modern and up-to-date research formula in which the play with irony and vivid functionalism of the subject within the scope of the poem are meant to be the major means of conveying poetic sense.
Poetyka jako dyskurs
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2013) Kasperski, Edward
The article discusses three different types and applications of poetics: 1) poetics as a normative practice aimed at the assessment and calibration of literary works, formulating rules that literature should comply with and postulating aesthetic solutions and literary trends, 2) poetics as a nomothetic theory, the purpose of which is to discover both historical and structural laws and regularities underlying literature, 3) poetics as a specific discourse on literature, which in the face of a multitude, diversity and historical variability of literary phenomena is aware of its own relativity, flexibility and limitations. Normative poetics is embedded in literary criticism and usually debates contemporary problems of literature. Nomothetic poetics leans toward what is permanent, regular and, as it were, ‘eternal’ in literature. In turn, poetics understood as discourse attempts to follow transformations of literature. However, what distinguishes it from theoretical and historical poetics is that it not only takes into account the diversity and variability of literature but it also corrects and adjusts its own conceptual framework to the properties of literature. Maintaining distance from itself and regarding itself with a certain amount of mistrust, this type of poetics tries to avoid placing itself above the studied literary reality and succumbing to the delusion that it is theory (poetics) that governs literature, defining its form and sense. This results in the need for constant revisions of research methods, concept, terminology as well as the scope and object of poetics. In this way poetics participates in the process of transformation that literature is subject to. Putting the above-mentioned types of poetics in the historical perspective, the article also discusses their contemporary condition. It indicates their relations to mythology, philosophy, methodology, various branches of knowledge and fields of art. The paper focuses on methodological, cognitive and theoretical criticism of poetics, which has characterized recent decades and rocked it to its foundations. It has cast doubt on the academic standing of formalist and structural poetics that has been dominating so far. On the one hand, it has legitimized painful consciousness of the fact that the old twentieth-century paradigm of poetics disintegrated, while on the other, it made it clear that the resultant void should be filled with research and solutions adequate for the conditions and needs of the 21st century. This belief in the rebirth and strength of the poetic tradition breeds hope for the establishment of poetics for which the point of reference and distinguishing mark will not be traditional presence, past, or static eternity, but dynamic future – that, as the poet has it, “eternal corrector”.

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