European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.22, z. 4 (2024)

URI dla tej Kolekcjihttps://repozytorium.ur.edu.pl/handle/item/11151

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Determining treatment success in tubal ectopic pregnancies – the predictive value of the delta neutrophil index in single-dose methotrexate therapy
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Korpe, Busra; Kose, Caner; Celen, Sevki; Kucukbas, Gokce Naz; Ustun, Yaprak Engin
Introduction and aim. This study assessed the significance of the Delta neutrophil index (DNI) in predicting the effectiveness of single-dose methotrexate (MTX) treatment for tubal ectopic pregnancy. Material and methods. In this retrospective study, 214 women diagnosed with tubal ectopic pregnancies and treated with MTX between 2019 and 2022 were included. Group 1 comprised 88 MTX responders, while group 2 consisted of 86 non-re sponders necessitating surgery. HCG and DNI levels were monitored on day 1, 4, and 7 of MTX treatment and compared be tween the groups. Results. Group 1 exhibited significantly lower HCG and DNI levels compared to group 2 on days 1, 4, and 7 (p<0.001). Both HCG and DNI levels on days 1 and 4 of MTX treatment were significant predictors of treatment failure, with the highest AUC observed for DNI was on day 4. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, elevated DNI levels on day 1 of MTX treatment were associated with a 5.8-fold increased risk, and DNI levels on day 4 were associated with a 4.44-fold increased risk of MTX treatment failure. Conclusion. DNI emerges as a valuable marker for predicting the success of single-dose methotrexate treatment in tubal ecto pic pregnancies, demonstrating superior predictive power compared to HCG.
Effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on lipid profile and renal indices in rat model of drug induced renal injury
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Sonuga, Ayobola A.; Adeyanju, Motunrayo M.; Ladokun, Olusola A.; Sonuga, Oyebola O.
Introduction and aim. Renal injury is associated with decreased renal function, hypovitaminosis D, deranged calcium-phos phate metabolism and dyslipidemia, thus increasing risk for chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases. However, re ports on the effects of vitamin D on drug induced renal injury are few. The aim was to investigate the possible role of vitamin D supplementation in reversing deranged lipid profile and renal function post drug induced renal injury. Material and methods. Wister male rats (36) were randomly divided into group 1, 2 and 3 (n=12). Single dose of Adriamycin was given to all except group 1(control) to induce renal injury. Group 2 left untreated, group 3 given vitamin D3 for 28 days. Serum urea, creatinine, total protein, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-C, HDL, apolipoprotein (Apo) A and B were measured. C-reactive protein (CRP) and nitric oxide were assessed in kidney homogenate. Results. Vitamin D3 significantly brought down levels of serum creatinine, TC, LDL CRP, nitric oxide and increased the levels of Apo A, albumin, HDL. Serum urea, TG and Apo B in group 3 were not significantly different after vitamin D3 administration. His tological examination revealed improvement in glomerular messangialisation. Conclusion. Vitamin D3 may improve renal health, through its positive impact on dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress in drug induced renal injury.
Trends of in-hospital maternal mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Morocco – analysis of a time series from 2016–2022
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Oumbarek, Keltouma; Razine, Rachid; Lkoul, Abdelmajid; Mahlaq, Safiya; El Hilali, Samia; Lahlou, Laila; Baba, Mohamed Amine; Kharbach, Ahmed; Obtel, Majdouline
Introduction and aim. The aim of this study was to compare trends of in-hospital maternal mortality in southern Morocco be fore and after the COVID-19 pandemic emerged in the Kingdom in March 2020. Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective study of a time series of hospital maternal deaths from January 2016 to December 2022. Data were collected from maternal death registers and monthly reports from maternity departments of six public hospitals in Souss Massa region (one regional and five provincial hospitals). Results. 216 maternal deaths occurred during the study period, 112 before and 104 during the pandemic. The highest annual maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was observed in 2021 (207.41 deaths/100,000 live births). Trends of monthly MMR showed a significant increase during the pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period (p=0.002). Furthermore, an extremely high MMR value (977.57/100,000 live births) was noted in August 2021 (the Delta wave). There was a significant difference in the distribution of causes of maternal death. Proportion of indirect causes were tripled during the pandemic (from 8% to 24%), with 17/104 (16.3%) deaths related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Conclusion. In-hospital MMR increased in public hospitals of the Souss Massa region during the COVID-19 pandemic, particu larly in the third quarter of 2021.
Improving sleep quality among ICCU patients – evaluating the effectiveness of ear plug and eye mask interventions
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Waladani, Barkah; Utami, Wuri; Ernawati; Suwaryo, Putra Agina Widyaswara
Introduction and aim. Sleep quality is crucial for patient recovery, particularly in critical care settings such as the Intensive Cardiac Care Unit (ICCU). This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using eye masks and earplugs in improving sleep quality among ICCU patients. Material and methods. A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a one-group without control design. A total of 40 ICCU patients were provided with eye masks and earplugs for a minimum duration of three days. Sleep quality was assessed using the Richard Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RSCQ) before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results. The use of eye masks and earplugs significantly improved sleep quality among ICCU patients (p<0.05). There was a notable increase in sleep duration, reduction in sleep onset latency, and improvement in sleep efficiency following the intervention. These findings support the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions in enhancing sleep quality in critical care settings. Conclusion. The findings highlight the importance of incorporating simple interventions such as eye masks and earplugs into routine care practices in ICCUs to improve patients’ sleep quality.
Morphometric analysis of dry acetabulum and iliac bones from anatomy museums in south eastern Nigeria with relation to clinical practice
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Ekwedigwe, Henry Chinedum; Esom, Emmanuel; Katchy, Amechi Uchenna; Anyaehie, Udo Ego; Ozor, Ignatius Ikem; Ekwunife, Remigius Tochukwu; Aniagu, Chikaodi Victoria
Introduction and aim. Good outcomes of total hip replacement and acetabular surgeries have been linked to proper understanding of the morphometry of acetabular and iliac bones. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical morphometry of dry acetabulum and iliac bones in southeastern Nigeria. Material and methods. The measurements were done on human hip bones in anatomy museums using a Vernier caliper. The acetabular and iliac bone parts were measured. Results. A total of 148 dry hip bones were measured during the study. The mean acetabular depth and diameter are 32.10±2.33 mm, and 53.93±2.74 mm respectively. The mean thicknesses of the acetabular walls are 5.88±1.38 mm, 12.64±1.84 mm, 15.79±2.07 mm and 19.74±2.18 mm for the antero-inferior, antero-superior, postero-inferior and postero-superior walls respectively. The distances between landmarks on the iliac bone are: anterior-inferior-iliac-spine – posterior-inferior-iliac-spine = 112.91±8.01 mm, posterior-superior-iliac-spine – anterior-inferior-iliac-spine = 135.29±8.04 mm, anterior-inferior-iliac-spine – anterior-superior-iliac-spine = 34.98±9.55 mm, posterior-superior-iliac-spine – upper-edge-of-acetabulum = 119.14±7.83 mm and anterior-superior-iliac-spine – nearest-edge-of-acetabulum = 55.71±5.60 mm. The regression model for prediction of diameter of the acetabulum using the depth of the acetabulum shows that for every 1 mm increase in the acetabular depth, the acetabular diameter increases by 0.312 times. The regression equation is “Y = bx + a”; Y = acetabular diameter, x = acetabular depth, b = margin of error = 0.312, and a = constant determined to be 43.919. Conclusion. The study established the mean values and the relationship between acetabular depth and diameter.
The relationship between the consumption of traditional Turkish brewing style coffee and other brewing style coffee and HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Tatar, Rumeysa Önal; Koç, Esra Meltem
Introduction and aim. To investigate the relationship between the consumption of traditional Turkish brewing style coffee and other brewing style coffee and hemoglobin A1c:glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Material and methods. One hundred fifty patients were included in the study. The research sample was obtained from a family health center that called İzmir Karşıyaka 16 -Family Health Center in İzmir-Türkiye. Sociodemographic characteristics, medications, diet, nutritional status, self-reported health status, and consumption of Turkish and other coffee consumption style and other beverages of the patients were recorded. HbA1c, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, total cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose levels in the previous year were obtained from medical records. All patients had their HbA1c readings taken on quarterly basis. In addition, routine blood tests, including HbA1c measurements, were conducted every six months as part of the regular follow up at the family health center. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to evaluate the daily physical activities of the patients. Results. The median HbA1c value of the group taking oral antidiabetic drugs was significantly lower than the median HbA1c value of the group using insulin (p=0.012). There was no significant difference in HbA1c levels regarding missing a meal, drinking coffee (sugar-free or not), and physical activity (p>0.05). Correlation analysis showed a significant weak relationship between the amount of Turkish coffee consumption per week and fasting blood glucose level (p=0.041, r=-0.088). There was a negative weak and significant relationship (p<0.05) between HbA1c levels and the amount of Turkish coffee consumption per week (p=0.014). In the exponential regression model, coffee consumption per week explained the HbA1c level in proportion to 2.9% (F=4.386; p=0.038). Conclusion. Consumption of Turkish coffee was inversely correlated with fasting glucose and HbA1c levels. Future studies are needed to determine the effect of coffee in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Effect of sensory retraining program on latency, amplitude and conduction velocity of sensory nerves of lower limb in type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Maruboyina, Sowjanya; Attry, Sanjeev; Kumari, B. Kusuma; Reddy, K. Eswar; Perakam, Sravanthi
Introduction and aim. India is known as the world’s diabetes capital. Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes, and if not managed properly, leads to diabetic foot complications like ulcers and amputations. Physiotherapy interventions addressing these complications are very limited. Hence, this study was performed to access to what extent a sensory retraining program affects the latency, amplitude, and conduction velocity of the sural nerve in lower limbs. The study aims to improve the nerve conduction velocity of the sural nerve in diabetic neuropathy with a sensory retraining program. Material and methods. One-hundred individuals who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated into 2 groups. The control group had received routine medical care. The experimental group individuals were managed with a sensory retraining program 5 days a week for 16 weeks. Latency, amplitude, and conduction velocity values were recorded before and after the study. Results. Results conclude that the sensory retraining program is effective in decreasing the latency and improving conduction velocity. It did not have any effect on the amplitude. Conclusion. Hence, we conclude that a sensory retraining program can be incorporated into routine physical therapy intervention in subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Social vulnerability and medication adherence in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Efil, Sevda; Bükrük, Ceren Mina; Özen, Ebru
Introduction and aim. The association between social vulnerability and medication adherence in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is unclear. The aim of this study was to show the correlation of social vulnerability and medication adherence in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Material and methods. Data collection was conducted by face to face interview in November 2022 and May 2023. Social vulnerability and medication adherence were evaluated using the Social Vulnerability Scale and the Medication Adherence Report Scale respectively. Results. The mean scores of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for social vulnerability and medication adherence were 20.02±6.69 and 22.76±3.29 respectively. Levels of social vulnerability varied according to comorbidity, hypertension, heart failure, visit to emergency service in the last three months due to COPD exacerbation, and using herbal products instead of medication (p<0.05). Mean scores for medication adherence were lower in women, never smokers, and those who used herbal products instead of medication (p<0.05). Conclusion. Having a higher level of social vulnerability is associated with worse medication adherence (r=-0.31, p<0.01). Individuals using herbal products are found to be at risk for social vulnerability and non-adherence to medication (p<0.05).
Low depression scores among pet dog owners – a comparative cross-sectional study from Anuradhapura Sri Lanka
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Rathish, Devarajan; Rajapakse, Jayanthe; Weerakoon, Kosala
Introduction and aim. The role of canine companionship in psychosocial and cardiovascular health is increasingly explored. However, such studies are scarce in South Asia. Hence, we aim to compare psychosocial and cardiovascular indices between pet dog owners and age and sex-matched non-pet owners in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Material and methods. A community-based, comparative, cross-sectional study was done among 52 pet dog owners and 52 age, sex-matched non-pet owners. An allostatic load was calculated using predefined cutoffs. Chi-square (or Fisher’s exact), Mann Whitney U, and Spearman’s rho were performed (p<0.05). Results. The pet dog owners’ group had a significantly lower mean (SD) [7.8 (7.2)], and median (interquartile range) [6 (2–12.5)] depression score when compared to the non-pet owners [11.2 (8.6)], 10 (6–14.5) respectively (p=0.03). Also, the pet dog owners showed a significant negative correlation between the pet bond scale score and cortisol (r=-0.36, p=0.01). Conclusion. A significantly lower depression score in the pet dog owners’ group than in the non-pet owners’ group was observed. And, the pet bond score had a significant negative correlation with the stress hormone cortisol. Thus, pet dog ownership could improve psychosocial health and will guide towards one-health interventions and research among South Asian communities.
Relationship between adolescent smartphone use and peer attachment and nomophobia
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Molu, Birsel; Özpulat, Funda; Baş, Melike Taşdelen
Introduction and aim. Nomophobia is fear of being without a cell phone or being unable to use one. This paper investigated the effect of friendship attachment on nomophobia in adolescents. Material and methods. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in five high schools in the Central Anatolia Region of Türkiye. The sample consisted of 1033 adolescents. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Adolescent Friendship Attachment Scale, and the Nomophobia Questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using parametric tests such as One-Way ANOVA and Independent Sample t-Test, with Bonferroni tests for post-hoc comparisons. Results. The majority of participants were girls (58.3%), lived in nuclear families (76.2%). Most students used their smartphones for 2-4 hours daily (40.3%), and were active on social media (86%). The study found significant differences in phone usage time and friend attachment scores among different age groups. Women had higher friend attachment scores and nomophobia scores compared to men. Social media use was associated with higher nomophobia and friend attachment scores. Conclusion. Adolescents’ smartphone uses characteristics influence their nomophobia levels and friendship attachment styles. Professionals should plan interventions to raise adolescents’ awareness of nomophobia.
Phytochemical analysis, stability, and antimicrobial activity of eighteen medicinal plants studied against five multi-drug resistant human pathogens
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Malya, G. Dharshana; Bhattacharjee, Jhumpa; Mukherjee, Sahana; Deka, Shubhajyoti; Saikia, Lahari; Nandi, Shoma Paul
Introduction and aim. Several medicinal plants from India have been reported to be effective against human pathogens, but comprehensive comparative studies are scarce. The aim of this study has been to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity, phytochemical composition, and stability at different temperatures and pH of ethanolic extracts of eighteen Indian medicinal plants which are prevalent in North-east India and thrive abundantly. Material and methods. These plants included Syzygium cumini, Cannabis sativa, Camellia sinensis, Murraya koenigii, Alstonia scholaris, Terminalia chebula, Flemingia strobilifera, Azadirachta indica, Prunus persica, Euphorbia thymifolia, Averrhoa carambola, Paderia foetida, Psidium guajava, Spondias pinnata, Garcinia cowa, Litsea cubeba, Micania macrantha, and Phlogocanthus thyrsiflorus. Their potent medicinal properties made them the ideal choice for this study which included the use of agar well diffusion method and phytochemical analysis. Results. Agar well diffusion has been used to test their antibacterial activity, which demonstrated higher antibacterial activity of G. cowa extract against Vibrio cholerae and Staphylococcus aureus, whereas S. pinnata extract was most effective against V. cholerae and Enterococcus faecium. Conclusion. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols. The antimicrobial activity of these plant extracts remained stable at higher temperatures and varying pH levels.
Perceived COVID-19 anxiety, fear and depression levels among university students during the decreased restrictions of COVID-19 pandemic
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Baş, Kazim
Introduction and aim. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted human life. It is observed that a significant group affected by this situation are university students. Evaluating the psychological states of students during the transition to normal life from the pandemic period is important. This study was conducted to examine the perceived levels of COVID-19 anxiety, fear, and depression among university students during the descreased restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1170 university students. The data were collected using “the Introductory Information Form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale – Short Form, and the Depression Scale. Results. It was observed that there was a difference between gender, class, education level, income level, having had COVID-19, and having a deceased relative due to COVID-19 and perceived COVID-19 anxiety and fear and depression levels among university students (p<0.05). Conclusion. During the COVID-19 pandemic, although restrictions have been lifted, students still experience moderate levels of COVID-19 anxiety, fear, and depression. Therefore, considering the factors that affect university students’ mental state, there is a need for services that support students’ mental well-being.
Assessment of the quality of life in type 2 diabetes patients – a comparative study of WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL instruments
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Asti, Arnika Dwi; Sarwono; Kinwati; Suwaryo, Putra Agina Widyaswara
Introduction and aim. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent health issue that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. Evaluating quality of life in T2DM patients is crucial for understanding the broader effects of the disease and improving patient care. This study aims to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL instruments in measuring the quality of life of T2DM patients. Material and methods. A descriptive quantitative study was conducted from March to June 2023 at Puskesmas Wanadadi 1 Banjarnegara. The sample consisted of 195 T2DM patients selected using purposive sampling based on the following inclusion criteria: diagnosed with T2DM for at least one year, aged 30-70 years, willing to participate, and able to complete the questionnaires. Data were collected using the WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL questionnaires and analyzed descriptively. Results. The analysis revealed that the WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL instruments provided comprehensive insights into the quality of life of T2DM patients. The WHOQOL-BREF was particularly effective in assessing physical and environmental domains (p<0.05), while the DQOL was more sensitive to diabetes-specific concerns and psychological well-being (p<0.05). Conclusion. Both the WHOQOL-BREF and DQOL are effective in evaluating the quality of life of T2DM patients, each offering unique strengths in different domains. The findings suggest that a combined use of these instruments could provide a more holistic understanding of the quality of life impacts in T2DM patients, guiding more targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes.
Comparison of novel bioactive, bioceramic materials in vital pulp therapy in deciduous teeth – a clinical in vivo study
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Acharya, Sonu; Gurunathan, Deepa
Introduction and aim. The use of modern bioceramic materials has enhanced the predictability of vital pulp therapy. This study aimed to assess the clinical success of Biodentine, modified NeoPutty mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 as pulp capping materials for indirect pulp capping in carious primary teeth. Material and methods. Indirect pulp treatment (IPT) was performed on 36 deciduous molars in 36 patients who were presented with deep carious lesions. The teeth were randomly assigned to three groups: Biodentine (12 teeth), modified NeoPuttyMTA (12 teeth), and Ca(OH)2 (12 teeth). Results. A statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 21.0. Pearson’s Chi-square test was employed to compare success and failure rates among Biodentine, modified Neoputty MTA, and Ca(OH)2 at three different time intervals (30, 90, and 180 days) and overall success and failure rates regardless of the time intervals. In the statistical analysis, different pulp capping materials yielded varying success rates. The modified NeoPutty MTA group demonstrated a success rate of 91.67%, the Biodentine group 83.33%, and the Ca(OH)2 group 58.33% after 6 months. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion. IPT with calcium silicate-based materials, such as Biodentine and modified NeoPutty MTA, showed superior results when compared to the use of calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2. Although differences in success rates were observed among the materials, they did not reach statistical significance.
Assessment of behavior and barriers of post-exposure prophylaxis for prevention of rabies in patients attending a tertiary care center in eastern India – a mixed method approach
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Debata, Ipsita; Nayak, Rosy; Behera, Basanta Kumar; Panda, Prem Sagar; Nayak, Smrutiranjan; Mandal, Dibyajyoti
Introduction and aim. Rabies from animal bites, although preventable, is almost 100% fatal, with the dog being the most common infected animal. Several factors influence the timely initiation of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) which needs to be explored. This study aimed to determine the facilitating and inhibiting factors in initiating PEP among animal bite victims attending a tertiary care center in Eastern India. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 consenting animal bite victims attending casualty and medicine as out-patients in a tertiary care hospital. A mixed-method study approach was undertaken to explore the facilitating and inhibiting factors for the timely initiation of PEP using a pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Results. The most common biting animal were dogs (96.2%). Around 102 patients (68%) were males and 48 (32%) were females. Timely initiation of PEP was seen in 112 (74.7%) of the study sample while delay was seen in 38 (25.3%). The inhibiting factors were the absence of an accompanying person (54.67%), the absence of vaccines and immunoglobulins in the nearest health facility (50.67%), referral from other health facilities (44%) and preferred other modalities of treatment (24.67%). Delays in initiation of PEP was significantly associated with gender (p=0.018), place of residence (p<0.001), those living more than 20 km from a health facility (p=0.014), educational status (p<0.001), and those with monthly income <10000 INR (p<0.01). Conclusion. Lower economic status, education, and accessibility to health facilities were major inhibiting factors causing a delay in the initiation of PEP. Further, community-based studies are warranted.
The impact of baby care education provided to mothers in the early postpartum period on the maternal role and postpartum anxiety
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Özkoç, Melike; Tandoğan, Özden
Introduction and aim. Baby care training given to mothers can help them feel more secure and make their motherhood role more effective. The aim was to determine the effect of early postnatal infant care training on the maternal role and anxiety in first-time mothers. Material and methods. The study involved 60 mothers of which n=30 were in a control group with treatment as usual and n=30 were in the intervention group receiving special training on infant feeding, basic hygiene practices, baby’s sleep patterns and basic care skills. Training took place in the first 8 and 24 hours after birth and mothers were followed up 5 weeks later. The “Barkin Maternal Function Inventory (BMFI)” and “Postpartum Anxiety Scale (PAS)” were used to measure maternal roles and postpartum anxiety at 6 weeks after birth. Results. Participants were usually between 28–32 years of age and were first-time mothers. Six weeks after birth, there was a statistically significant difference in BMFI total scores between the experimental and control groups (p<0.001), while the experimental group scored higher (89.8±11.01). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of postpartum anxiety. Conclusion. Significant improvements were observed in the anxiety levels and mothering skills of mothers who received training. It is recommended that similar training programs be implemented on a larger scale and their effects be monitored long-term.
Determination of the effect of gender perception among university students on attitudes towards disabled women
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Ünal, Esra; Öztürk, Simge
Introduction and aim. This study investigates the effect of gender perception among university students on attitudes towards disabled women. Material and methods. The target population of this descriptive and cross-sectional study consisted of university students enrolled in the Faculty of Health Sciences in a province located in southern Türkiye. The Socio-demographic Form, the Gender Perception Scale, and the Attitudes towards Disabled Women Scale were administered to the participants through Google Forms. The sample of the study consisted of 644 students registered at the Faculty of Health Sciences and meeting the inclusion criteria. Results. A positive and moderately significant correlation was found between gender perception and attitudes towards disabled women among students who were enrolled in the Faculty of Health Sciences. The variables explaining 26.3% of the total variance for the attitudes towards disabled women included the presence of a disabled individual in the family, education of disabled individuals together with individuals with no disabilities, views about the marriage of disabled women, kinship with the disabled relative, and gender perception scale score. Conclusion. It was concluded that gender perception had a significant effect on the attitudes of students enrolled in the Faculty of Health Sciences towards disabled women.
Tryptophan reduces the degree of brown adipose tissue whitening in rats with visceral obesity
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Yanko, Roman; Levashov, Mikhail; Safonov, Sergey
Introduction and aim. The relationship between brown adipose tissue (BAT) and visceral obesity (VO) is a topic of growing interest in scientific and medical research. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of L-tryptophan on histomorpho logical abnormalities in BAT induced by a high calorie diet (HCD). Material and methods. The study was performed on male Wistar rats 3 months of age. Control rats (group I) were fed a stan dard diet. VO in animals (groups II and III) was modelled by exposure to an HCD (45% fat and 31% carbohydrates) for 12 weeks. The rats in group III were also given L-tryptophan (80 mg/kg). Histological preparations were prepared from the interscapular bodies of the BAT. Indicators of lipid metabolism, oxygen consumption, subcutaneous oxygen tension and basal temperature were measured in the rats. Results. It was found that the group of rats on HCD lead to the development of VO, and histomorphological changes occur in BAT indicating a decrease in its activity. Supplementation with L-tryptophan reduced the structural abnormalities in BAT, name ly the accumulation of fat, the whitening of brown adipocytes, and prevented excessive loss of activity due to the deleterious effects of HCD. Conclusion. Supplementation with L-tryptophan may have a potential benefit in preventing the development of excessive VO by preserving BAT activity.
Zn and Se supplementation abrogated metals-(metaloids) mixture mediated ocular-thymus toxicity via modulation of oxido-inflammatory and antiapoptotic mechanisms in female Sprague Dawley rats
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Antia, Mfoniso; Ezejiofor, Anthonet N.; Orish, Chinna N.; Ugwu, Theresa; Cirovic, Ana; Cirovic, Aleksandar; Ajibo, Doris N.; Orisakwe, Orish E.
Introduction and aim. This is an evaluation of the protective effects of Zn and Se in the eye and thymus of rats exposed to cock tail noxious metal mixtures (CNMM) (Al, Pb, Hg and Mn) in ameliorating ocular pathologies due to autoimmunity. Material and methods. Female Sprague rats were grouped into eight (n=5) and orally exposed to various treatments for a period of 60 days: (1): the control group receive deionized water only; (2): the CNMM only group received lead acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2 (20 mg/kg), AlCl3 (35 mg/kg), HgCl2 (0.40 mg/kg) and MnCl2 (0.56 mg/kg); (3) received CNMM+ZnCl2, 0.80 mg/kg; (4) received CNMM+Na2SeO3, 1.50 mg/kg; (5) received CNMM+ZnCl2, 0.80 mg/kg and Na2SeO3, 1.50 mg/kg combination. Oxidative stress markers, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and caspase-3 and histopathological changes were determined. Results. CNMM decreased antioxidants levels but increased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentrations. CNMM in creased levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2- related factor 2, and nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha and caspase-3. There was moderate retinal degeneration and total cell loss at the ganglionic cell layer in the eye; severe degenerative thymus, lymphocyte depletion and multifocal necrosis in CNMM only. Conclusion. Supplementation with Zn and Se reduced the biochemical and histopathological changes in the eye and thymus in response to CNMM exposure.
Forensic aspects of salbutamol overdose – doping, abuse, and suicide
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024-12) Kycler, Maciej; Rzepczyk, Szymon; Teżyk, Artur; Żaba, Czesław
Introduction and aim. Salbutamol is a popular drug used in respiratory diseases. With the increasing prevalence of the use of this substance for therapeutic purposes and its availability on the market, the frequency of its use for other purposes has also risen due to its effects outside the respiratory system. The aim of the study was to investigate the medico-legal aspects of salbutamol. Material and methods. Medical literature databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched. The search was carried out in accordance with the specified purpose of the keyword research using Boolean operators. Analysis of the literature. In sports, the use of salbutamol is strictly regulated by anti-doping regulations. Recreational substance abuse and accidental overdoses, mainly among children and the elderly, are also important. Rare cases of suicide attempts associated with the use of salbutamol have also been reported. Conclusion. Salbutamol overdoses are usually not life threatening. However, one should remember about the possibility of accidental overdose, especially among the elderly and children taking the drug chronically. Currently, the use of salbutamol for recreational purposes is rare. In sports, the status of salbutamol use, especially among athletes who do not require its use for therapeutic reasons, is still a controversial issue.

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Przeglądanie European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine T.22, z. 4 (2024) według Data dodania